Sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidity, and baseline functional status of older patients treated in emergency departments during the COVID-19 pandemic and associations with mortality: an analysis based on the EDENCOVID cohort.

Objectives: To describe the sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidity, and baseline functional status of patients aged 65 or older who came to hospital emergency departments (EDs) during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to compare them with the findings for an earlier period to analyze factors of the index episode that were related to mortality.

Material And Methods: We studied data from the EDEN-COVID cohort (Emergency Department and Elder Needs During COVID-19) of patients aged 65 years or older treated in 40 Spanish EDs on 7 consecutive days. Nine sociodemographic variables, 18 comorbidities, and 7 function variables were registered and compared with the findings for the EDEN cohort of patients included with the same criteria and treated a year earlier in the same EDs.

Analysis of predictors of response to high-flow oxygen nasal cannula therapy in a pediatric intensive care unit.

Background: Bronchiolitis is one of the most frequent reasons for admission to pediatric intensive care units. Medical treatment is primarily supportive. The usefulness of high-flow oxygen (HFO) nasal cannula in these patients has been described.

[Exogenous lipoid pneumonia and anorexia nervosa: a case report].

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is a rare entity with non-specific clinical presentation. Early diagnosis is key to prevent pulmonary fibrosis in cases of chronic exogenous lipoid pneumonia . Here, we present the diagnostic process in a 51-year-old female with chronic cough and yellow sputum, no fever nor signs of infection.

Pacemaker-induced endocarditis by Gordonia bronchialis.

Purpose: Gordonia species are known to be opportunistic human pathogens causing secondary infections. We present the second case in the world of endocarditis caused by Gordonia bronchialis and a review of all the cases of endocarditis caused by Gordonia spp.

Methods: The identification was performed by matrix-assisted desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were performed to confirm the identification.

Bacteremia during COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary hospital in Spain.

Introduction: The reasons for the decrease in blood cultures were investigated and the rate and aetiology of bacteremia and contaminated blood cultures collected from COVID and non-COVID patients were assessed.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis in a tertiary hospital in Spain during the COVID period from 4th March 2020 to 21st June 2020.

Results: The number of blood cultures processed was 5313, representing 22.

[Tumor markers in urological cancers: an update.].

La investigación en biomarcadores tumorales estásujeta a unas estrictas normas para su comercialización.Pese a ello, en su uso abierto a distintas poblaciones,somos sometidos a una presión comercialque en ocasiones puede derivar inconscientemente aextender su uso a objetivos para los que no han sidoestrictamente testados..

[Impact of SARS-COV-2 on the diagnosis of community bacteremia in a tertiary hospital].

Objective: We carry out an analysis of the bacteremia diagnosed in the Emergency Department during 2020, coinciding with the period of the pandemic.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis from March 4, 2020 to December 31, 2020.

Results: The number of patients who went to the Emergency Department during the study period and the number of extracted blood cultures decreased by 46.

[Spontaneous retrobulbar haemorrhage associated with anticoagulants].

Retrobulbar hemorrhage consists of bleeding in the retroseptal intraorbital region generating an orbital compartment syndrome. We present the case of an 86-year-old woman who came to the Emergency Room due to ocular pain and loss of vision in the left eye of six hours of evolution. The only medical history was atrial fibrillation on anticoagulant treatment with Dabigatran 300mg daily.

What happened to infectious diseases and anti-infective therapy in 2020 beyond COVID-19?

The year 2020 was the year of infectious diseases with the arrival of SARS-CoV-2, which represented a profound change in the world we knew. However, we present a brief description of some of the top infectious diseases articles from 2020 not related with SARS-CoV-2. We reviewed a selection of the most important and relevant achievements in diagnosis and therapy related to bacteremia, nosocomial pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, infections by Clostridioides difficile, mycobacterial infections and invasive fungal infections.

[Gonococcal pelviperitonitis: a diagnostic challenge].

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the second most common etiological agent of pelvic inflammatory disease and is currently un-derdiagnosed due to its asymptomatic presentation in 50% of cases. When the disease presents, it may appear in the form of acute abdomen and normal imaging tests, making it a major diagnostic challenge. We present four cases of acute gonococcal peritonitis.

Bacteremia during COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary hospital in Spain.

Introduction: The reasons for the decrease in blood cultures were investigated and the rate and aetiology of bacteremia and contaminated blood cultures collected from COVID and non-COVID patients were assessed.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis in a tertiary hospital in Spain during the COVID period from 4th March 2020 to 21st June 2020.

Results: The number of blood cultures processed was 5313, representing 22.

Pacemaker-induced endocarditis by Gordonia bronchialis.

Purpose: Gordonia species are known to be opportunistic human pathogens causing secondary infections. We present the second case in the world of endocarditis caused by Gordonia bronchialis and a review of all the cases of endocarditis caused by Gordonia spp.

Methods: The identification was performed by matrix-assisted desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were performed to confirm the identification.

[Epidemiology, clinical results and success rate in hip preservation surgery in avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head].

Introduction: Avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a frequent pathology with an insidious and asymptomatic presentation in early stages, so the diagnosis is often made in advanced stages, where the only effective solution is total hip arthroplasty (THA). Diagnosis in early stages will allow the use of therapeutic options that avoid or delay ATC. Our objective is to evaluate the demographic, clinical results and the success rate in our center of patients diagnosed with ONFH and who have been subsidiary of hip preservation surgery.

[Analysis of reports of otoxicity, with symptoms of tinnitus, in the database of the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System for medicinal products for human use.].

Objective: One of the adverse drug reactions (ADR) can be the Ototoxicity, either in a cochlear level or in a vestibular one. This may cause an incapacitating symptomatology due to a hearing impairment or deafness, tinnitus, or a vertiginous syndrome. The objective of this work was to analyze the notifications of ototoxic ADRs registered in the FEDRA database of the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System for Medicinal products for Human Use (SEFV-H), manifested as tinnitus, describing epidemiological and prognostic factors, as well as active principles and associated therapeutic groups.

[Unusual evolution of reactive arthritis after endovesical immunotherapy with BCG].

Intravesical instillation of BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerin) is a therapy prepared with weakened strains of Mycobacterium bovis and is an effective complementary treatment for high-risk (non-musculoinfiltrating or non-invasive) bladder cancer. Although its safety for clinical use is high, endovesical immunotherapy is not without complications. Arthralgia and arthritis are infrequent, but potentially severe, complications, the early diagnosis of which can allow adequate medical treatment and avoid chronification of the pathology.

[Management of neurourological patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.].

 To report the recommendations of an expert panel to reorganize Neurourology units and to prioritize examinations and both conservative and surgical treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Non-systematic review of the literature and national experts' opinion summarizing the recommendations in the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of neurourological patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. A modified nominal group technique was used due to extraordinary meeting and mobility restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic.

[Adherence to treatment with erythropoiesis stimulating agents].

Background: To establish adherence to treatment with erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) in patients with anemia associated to chronic kidney disease (CKD), and analyze its relationship to response to ESA.

Methods: Retrospective study of a cohort of 198 patients with CKD who started treatment with epoetin-ß or darbepoetin-a, followed for two years. Basal characteristics, effectiveness (% of hemoglobin (Hb) target attainment, percentage increase of Hb) and adherence (medication possession rate) were registered.

[Inequality in the management of ischemic chest pain in the emergency department from a gender perspective].

Objective: Sex is a determining factor in the differences with which men and women are treated in the emergency room. The objective was to analyze the profile in patients with chest paint attended in emergency department, and the gender inequalities in the diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: Descriptive observational study of patients, who attended to the Miguel Servet University Hospital emergency department, with ischemic chest pain during 2017.

[Spanish National Hip Fracture Registry (RNFC): First-year results and comparison with other registries and prospective multi-centric studies from Spain].

Objective: The Spanish National Hip Fracture Registry (Registro Nacional de Fracturas de Cadera or RNFC) is a Spanish, prospective, multi- centric registry, commenced in 2017. The goal of this paper is to present the data from the first annual report and to compare them with autonomic registries and recent prospective multi-centric studies performed in Spain.

Methods: We included persons 75 years or older treated for fragility hip fractures in any of the centers participating in the RNFC between January and October 2017.