[HemoCue: preliminary considerations about its use in hemodialysis].

HemoCue Hb 201+ is a portable photometric analyser providing easy, rapid and accurate determination of hemoglobin from arterial, venous or capillary blood. It is worth that dialysis units have knowledge of its use for a close hematologic monitoring of their patients and a judicious management of erythropoietin (EPO). For the autodialysis <> centers, it allows a flexibility that private laboratories cannot have in daily practice.

[The value of different tests of the efficacy of iron supplementation].

Iron status need to be acurately assessed to guid treatment which is necessary in management of anemia associated with chronic renal failure. Biochemical or cytologic tests can be used. As biochemical tests can be modified by inflammation or denutrition, specificity is sometimes quite low.

[Renal lesions in tuberous sclerosis].

Renal tumours, in tuberous sclerosis, are mainly benign and correspond to angiomyolipomas, multiple and bilateral, sometimes enormous with an hemorrhagic risk, frequently associated with cysts of variable size and number and seldom with high metastatic carcinomas. Chronic renal failure is rare and related to focal glomerulosclerosis secondary to hyperfiltration due to nephronic reduction owing to surgery or to tumour invasion, in particular cysts. Data about 65 patients with tuberous sclerosis and chronic renal failure were collected thanks to a national survey.

[Etiological orientation from the analysis morphological and constitutional of urinary stones in Conakry].

Introduction: The epidemiological profile of urinary stones varies from region of the world to another according to food habit and certain enviromental factors. The aim of our study was to establish an etiological approach of the urinary lithiasis collected in Conakry by morphological and constitutional analysis.

Materials And Methods: It was a prospective study from january 1 rst 2003 to january 1 rst 2004 concerning all the stones collected.

[Be careful in using flecainide by hemodialyzed patients].

Cardiac arrhythmias are frequent by hemodialyzed patients and may lead to the prescription of antiarrhythmic drugs among which flecainide. However there is for this latter a wide interindividual variability in the dose-plasma concentration relationship because of a genetically controlled polymorphic metabolism. That explains why it is not possible to adjust dose only to renal clearance.

[Dental problems and their management in uraemic patients].

Bad dental status is very often observed in hemodialyzed patients due to the fact of a frequent poor oral hygiene and, in addition of the traditional risk factors, the consequences of uraemic state and its treatment. However , among such immunodepressed patients, oral and dental lesions represent a risk of septic complications. Moreover some works point out the prevalence of inflammation and denutrition due to dental lesions in the uraemic population, with potential atherosclerosis.

[About two cases of hypokaliemic periodic paralysis].

We report on two cases of hypokaliemic periodic paralysis due to a potassium shift from the extracellular to the intracellular compartment of skeletal muscle cells. The first case occurred in a 15-year-old boy who experienced rapid onset flaccid tetraplegia without neurological abnormalities. Physical exam revealed facial dysmorphy, and EKG a long QT.

[Fungal sinusitis from endodontic origin. Some reflexions about an observation by an hemodialyzed patient].

About an observation of aspergillus sinusitis in an hemodialyzed patient, correlation between chronic maxillary sinusitis, its aspergillus origin and previous dental treatments is emphasized. Eventual severe complications then evolved in immunocompromised patients justify having the knowledge of this possible pathology in hemodialyzed and transplanted patients.

[What do large clinical trials learn us about cardiovascular and renal prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension?].

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension are frequently associated. Cardiovascular morbidity is a major burden in these patients. Furthermore a renal disease appears in 40% of them that may lead to chronic terminal renal failure.

[Tumorlike muscular sarcoidosis with hypercalcemia and acute renal failure].

At the end of assessment of an hypercalcemia with acute renal failure in a seventy year-old man, is discovered a tumorlike muscular sarcoidosis of both thighs whose steroid treatment quickly proves effective. Rarity of such forms urges us to report this observation which allows to remind that, in case of a suggestive picture of sarcoidosis, it is necessary to look minutely for any muscular abnormality.

[Fluoroquinolone induced acute renal failure. General review about a case report with crystalluria due to ciprofloxacin].

A 58 year-old woman developed an acute renal failure very quickly after ingestion of two 500 mg tablets of ciprofloxacin, without any other identifiable risk factor. Renal biopsy was performed. No sign of acute interstitial nephritis was observed but tubular lesions were found, accompanied by deposits of a brown-yellowish substance identified by infrared microscopy as a ciprofloxacin salt.

[Effects of anxiety and depression on haemodialysis adequacy].

Unlabelled: Depression and anxiety are the most commonly encountered psychological problems in patients with end-stage renal disease, especially those on renal replacement therapy. We sought to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients undergoing haemodialysis treatment and to establish the relationship between these psychological problems and criteria of haemodialysis adequacy.

Methods: We implemented a transversal study on 93 adult haemodialysis patients recruited from in Ibn-Sina Haemodialysis department in Rabat in April 2003.

[Cutaneous infection due to Mycobacterium chelonae in a hemodialysed patient].

We report a case of a hemodialysed patient who developed a cutaneous Mycobacterium chelonae infection. This infection was only localised on the left upper limb, downstream from the arteriovenous fistula. M.

A randomized trial of saline hydration to prevent contrast nephropathy in chronic renal failure patients.

Background: Contrast nephropathy (CN) is a common cause of renal dysfunction that may be prevented by saline hydration and by drugs such as theophylline or furosemide. Whether oral saline hydration is as efficient as intravenous saline hydration is unknown. The preventive efficacy of theophylline and furosemide for CN remains controversial.

[Renal graft rupture].

Spontaneous rupture of the renal graft is a serious early complication of renal transplantation, which can be responsible for loss of the graft. It usually follows an episode of acute rejection or acute tubular necrosis. It has a poor prognosis, as treatment consists of graft nephrectomy in the majority of cases.

[Severe anguilluliasis in a chronic haemodialysis patient].

Introduction: Strongyloidiasis can result in severe forms in immunodepressed patients or those treated with prolonged corticosteroids.

Observation: A 59 year-old woman suffering from chronic kidney failure, treated for the past year by haemodialysis, was hospitalized for alteration in her general status of health and severe digestive problems. Three parasitological examinations of the faeces revealed the presence of Strongyloides stercoralis larvae, although she had never spent time in the Tropics.

A randomized trial of furosemide vs hydrochlorothiazide in patients with chronic renal failure and hypertension.

Background: Loop diuretics are the drugs of choice for the treatment of hypertension in chronic renal failure patients. However, the adaptive changes in the distal nephron and the short half-life of these drugs may decrease their long-term efficacy. Thiazides are not believed to be efficient in advanced renal failure, but this is debated.

[Sexual dysfunction among 78 Moroccan male hemodialysis patients: clinical and endocrine study].

Purpose: To investigate the correlation between biochemical and endocrine variables with sexual disorders in 78 male patients on chronic hemodialysis at the Ibn Rochd University Hospital (Casablanca-Morocco).

Methods: Seventy-eight male hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure were evaluated with regard to their sexual function. All patients answered a personal questionnaire on their sexual activity.

[Extramembranous glomerulonephritis and myelodysplastic syndrome].

Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is the main cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults and is usually idiopathic. We report a case of nephrotic MGN associated with a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in a 43 year old man. The initial treatment consisted of oral corticosteroids (1 mg/kg/day).

Forearm reactive hyperemia and mortality in end-stage renal disease.

Background: Reports on the general population indicated that decreased endothelial-mediated vasodilation has a prognostic impact on cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Flow-dependent vasodilation of conduit arteries and ischemia-induced forearm reactive hyperemia are impaired in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Whether deterioration of vasodilator function in ESRD patients has a prognostic impact has not been documented.

[Drug induced linear IgA bullous dermatosis].

Linear IgA disease is an autoimmune subepidermal bullous disease in which linear IgA deposits are found at the basement membrane zone. It is classically idiopathic but a drug-induced variant seems to be individualized in which cutaneous lesions resolve spontaneously after cessation of responsible treatment. Among the commonly implicated drugs, vancomycin is the most frequently reported.

[Prevention of bacteremia from central venous catheters in hemodialysis: value of application of a mixture of rifampicin and protamine at the insertion site].

During the last 8.5 years, authors observed only 3 bacteremias out of 249 catheters in place in different sites corresponding to a total of 10,063 days with central venous catheterization in hemodialysis (0.30/1000 catheter days).