Comprehensive dataset from high resolution UAV land cover mapping of diverse natural environments in Serbia.

This study highlights the vital role of high-resolution (HR), open-source land cover maps for food security, land use planning, and environmental protection. The scarcity of freely available HR datasets underscores the importance of multi-spectral HR aerial images. We used unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to capture images for a centimeter-level orthomosaics, facilitating advanced remote sensing and spatial analysis.

A networked station system for high-resolution wind nowcasting in air traffic operations: A data-augmented deep learning approach.

This study introduces a high-resolution wind nowcasting model designed for aviation applications at Madeira International Airport, a location known for its complex wind patterns. By using data from a network of six meteorological stations and deep learning techniques, the produced model is capable of predicting wind speed and direction up to 30-minute ahead with 1-minute temporal resolution. The optimized architecture demonstrated robust predictive performance across all forecast horizons.

Analysis of Body Fluid Distribution, Phase Angle and Its Association With Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy: An Observational Study.

Background And Aims: Body composition parameters associated with aerobic fitness, mirrored by maximal oxygen consumption (V̇Omax), have recently gained interest as indicators of physical efficiency in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD). Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) allows a noninvasive and repeatable estimate of body composition but is based on the use of predictive equations which, if used in cohorts with different characteristics from those for which the equation was originally formulated, could give biased results. Instead, the phase angle (PhA), a BIA raw bioelectrical parameter reflecting body fluids distribution, could provide reliable data for such analysis.

Evidence of strong O-H⋯C interactions involving apical pyramidane carbon atoms as hydrogen atom acceptors.

Using high-level quantum chemical calculations, we predicted a strong O-H⋯C interaction between the apical carbon atoms of pyramidane and its derivatives and water molecules. Analysis of calculated electrostatic potential maps showed that there are areas of strong negative potential above apical carbon atoms in all studied structures. The results of quantum chemical calculations showed that the O-H⋯C interaction between the hydrogen atom of water and the apical carbon atom of pyramidane derivatives with four -CH substituents is unexpectedly strong, Δ = -7.

Screen time exposure and executive functions in preschool children.

Increased screen time (ST) among preschool children is becoming a matter of concern globally. Although gadgets such as phones, tablets and computers might be of educational use in this population, excessive ST might impair cognitive function among preschoolers. As data on this topic in preschool children are scarce, this study sought to investigate the relationship between ST and executive functions (EFs) in this population.

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Low- and Middle-Income vs. High-Income Countries: The Role of Ventilator Bundle, Ventilation Practices, and Healthcare Staffing.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rates are higher in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) than in high-income countries (HICs).

Research Question: Could differences in ventilator bundle adherence, ventilation practices, and critical care staffing be driving variations in VAP risk between LMICs and HICs?

Study Design And Methods: This secondary analysis of the multicenter, international CERTAIN study included mechanically ventilated patients at risk for VAP from eleven LMICs and five HICs. We included oral care, head-of-bed elevation, spontaneous breathing assessments, and sedation breaks in the ventilator bundle.

Risky behavior in virtual reality: The roles of personality, environment, and physiology.

Virtual reality (VR) provides a unique opportunity to simulate various environments, enabling the observation of human behavior in a manner that closely resembles real-world scenarios. This study aimed to explore the effects of anticipating reward or punishment, personality traits, and physiological arousal on risky decision-making within a VR context. A custom VR game was developed to simulate real-life experiences.

Phenylbutyric Acid Modulates Apoptosis and ER Stress-Related Gene Expression in Glycogen Storage Disease Type Ib In Vitro Model.

Introduction: Chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and increased apoptosis are involved in the pathogenesis of glycogen storage disease Ib (GSD Ib), whereas small molecule phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) showed the capability of reducing ER stress-induced apoptosis. The objective was to generate an in vitro system in which capability of small molecules (SMs) to influence ER stress and apoptosis could be screened at the expression level.

Methods: G6PT-deficient FlpInHEK293 cell line was created and validated using the CRISPR/Cas9 knockout method.

Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm, a Very Rare Hematological Malignancy With Initial Cutaneous Involvement: A Case Report.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a very rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy, arising from plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). BPDCN frequently has, at least initially, exclusively cutaneous presentation. We present a 45-year-old woman with a 3-month history of rapidly evolving violaceous patches, infiltrated plaques, and bruise-like tumefactions, disseminated on her face and upper trunk.

Integration of In Vitro and In Silico Results From Chemical and Biological Assays of and Flower Extracts.

In this study, we conducted a thorough analysis of (RT) and (COF) extracts with varying polarities using LC-MS chemical profiling and biological tests (antioxidant, antimicrobial, enzyme inhibition, and cytotoxic effects). The highest level of total phenolic content in the ethanol extract of RT with 75.82 mg GAE/g, followed by the infusions of RT (65.

Novel Natural Candidates for Replacing Synthetic Additives in Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Areas: Two Species ( (L.) Roxb. and (L.) Link).

(L.) Roxb. and (L.

Rare association of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome - A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: The hemolysis-elevated liver enzymes-low platelet counts (HELLP) syndrome and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) are rare conditions that can complicate pregnancy and the early postpartum period. Although both are closely related to hypertensive pregnancy disorders, their association is rarely described, so the outcome of these patients remains unknown. We present a case report of PRES associated with HELLP syndrome and a review of all previously published cases, including demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome.

Arguments against a "general and permanent" ban on pediatric intersex surgery: A response to Clune-Taylor.

The paper offers a critical response to the proposed "dis/analogy" between the restriction of Jehovah's Witness parental right to refuse life-saving blood transfusions for their minor children and a "general" and "permanent" ban on "unnecessary" pediatric intersex surgery. The main argument of the analogy is "securing the patient's future autonomy." Feinberg's theory of rights is used to demonstrate that the proposed analogy is untenable.

Overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry.

Background And Aims: Overweight and obesity are modifiable risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the general population, but their prevalence in individuals with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and whether they confer additional risk of ASCVD independent of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) remains unclear.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 35 540 patients with HeFH across 50 countries, in the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry. Prevalence of World Health Organization-defined body mass index categories was investigated in adults (n = 29 265) and children/adolescents (n = 6275); and their association with prevalent ASCVD.

The impact of combination of zofenopril and different diuretics on regression of myocardial reperfusion injury and oxidative status in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

As several decades of research have shown the cardioprotective effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors alone or in combination with diuretics, we were interested in investigating the effects of subchronic therapy of these drugs on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage to the heart, as well as their influence on oxidative status. The research was conducted on 40 spontaneously hypertensive male Wistar Kyoto rats, divided into 4 groups. Animals were treated for four weeks with 10 mg/kg/day zofenopril alone or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide and spironolactone per os.

Innovative submerged directed fermentation: Producing high molecular weight polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum.

Polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum (GLPs) exhibit unique bioactivity, but traditional cultivation yields low quantities and unstable quality, limiting their research and application. This study highlights how submerged fermentation processes enable the directed acquisition of structurally defined high molecular weight (MW) bioactive intracellular polysaccharides (IPS). The results showed that inoculation amount and fermentation scales had a significant effect on the content of high MW IPS.

Impact of BRAF and MEK Inhibitors on Gingival Hyperplasia in Melanoma Patients-A Case Report.

: Although BRAF inhibitors, such as vemurafenib, produce a marked response in patients with advanced melanoma with a BRAF V600 mutation, they eventually develop resistance to this treatment. To address this issue, vemurafenib is increasingly combined with the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib, leading to improved response rates and enhanced survival. However, this treatment modality is associated with numerous side effects.

Management of ERCP-Related Perforations: A Single-Center Experience.

Perforations represent rare but serious complications in ERCP. Although several therapeutic algorithms have been proposed to properly address these potentially life-threatening events, there is still no clear consensus on their management. We conducted a single-center retrospective study in order to assess the incidence of ERCP-related perforations and their management, as well as clinical outcomes.

Regeneration Filter: Enhancing Mosaic Algorithm for Near Salt & Pepper Noise Reduction.

This paper presents a Regeneration filter for reducing near Salt-and-Pepper (nS&P) noise in images, designed for selective noise removal while simultaneously preserving structural details. Unlike conventional methods, the proposed filter eliminates the need for median or other filters, focusing exclusively on restoring noise-affected pixels through localized contextual analysis in the immediate surroundings. Our approach employs an iterative processing method, where additional iterations do not degrade the image quality achieved after the first filtration, even with high noise densities up to 97% spatial distribution.

Electrochemical Detection of Cadmium Using a Bismuth Film Deposited on a Brass Electrode.

Cadmium is one of the most dangerous pollutants found in the environment, where it exists mainly due to human activities. High cadmium concentrations can cause serious problems, which is why the detection and determination of Cd is one of the most important tasks. Electroanalytical methods provide rapid and accurate results in the detection of cadmium in various solutions.

Comparative Analysis of Edge Detection Operators Using a Threshold Estimation Approach on Medical Noisy Images with Different Complexities.

The manuscript conducts a comparative analysis to assess the impact of noise on medical images using a proposed threshold value estimation approach. It applies an innovative method for edge detection on images of varying complexity, considering different noise types and concentrations of noise. Five edges are evaluated on images with low, medium, and high detail levels.

Knowledge and Consumption Patterns of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Among the Central Balkan Population-A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Unlabelled: Omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3-FAs) represent a group of essential nutrients, but modern diets often do not allow for a balanced ratio between the intakes of ω-6-FA and ω-3-FA, which is vital for health. ω-3-FA can be found primarily in algae and fish, while the intake of ω-3-FA dietary supplements can be seen as an efficient way of providing nutrients important for many physiological functions.

Background/objectives: The aim of this research was to investigate the use of ω-3-FA-rich food and supplements, as well as the knowledge and attitudes on these nutrients among residents of the central Balkans-the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Srpska.

Supercritical Extraction and Compound Profiling of Diverse Edible Mushroom Species.

Mushrooms are a raw material rich in many nutritional compounds, and that is why a number of them are widely known as functional food. They contain fatty acids, carbohydrates, lycopene, sterols, lovastatin, trace elements, and other valuable compounds that show a wide range of properties, such as hepatoprotective, anticancer, antiviral, etc. For more efficient utilisation of mushrooms' biologically active substances, widespread supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (Sc-CO) was used as an efficient way to isolate the high-value phytoconstituents from this type of raw material.

Regulatory Compliance of Health Claims on Omega-3 Fatty Acid Food Supplements.

Unlike the mandatory information that must be provided on a food supplement label, health claims are voluntary. This study assesses the regulatory compliance of omega-3 fatty acid (ω-3-FA) supplement label claims. Of the 97 supplements, 76 (78.