Impaired migration of autologous induced neural stem cells from patients with schizophrenia and implications for genetic risk for psychosis.

Stem cell technologies have presented explicit evidence of the neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia. However, few studies investigated relevance of the schizophrenia genetic liability and the use of genetic reprogramming on pluripotent stem cells to the impaired neurodevelopment shown by stem cells. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the cellular phenotypes of induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) derived without genetic modification from patients with schizophrenia and from genetic high risk (GHR) individuals.

Long-term Effects of the Eradication of on Metabolic Parameters, Depending on Sex, in South Korea.

Background/aims: (HP) infection is positively associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the long-term effects of eradication therapy on MS and sex differences have not been thoroughly studied. We aimed to investigate the long-term effects of HP eradication on MS and sex differences.

Dissecting the clinical relevance of polygenic risk score for obesity-a cross-sectional, longitudinal analysis.

Background: Obesity is a global pandemic disease whose prevalence is increasing worldwide. The clinical relevance of a polygenic risk score (PRS) for obesity has not been fully elucidated in Asian populations.

Method: We utilized a comprehensive health check-up database from the Korean population in conjunction with genotyping to generate PRS for BMI (PRS-BMI).

Clinical Outcomes of Repeated Radioactive Iodine Therapy for Graves' Disease.

Backgruound: Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy is a successful therapeutic modality for Graves' disease. However, RAI therapy can fail, and RAI therapy after antithyroid drugs (ATDs) has a lower remission rate. Therefore, many patients require repeated RAI therapy.

Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosed Before Age 50 Years According to Tumor Location.

Background & Aims: The increasing prevalence of obesity at younger ages is concurrent with an increased earlier-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) (before age 50 years) incidence, particularly left-sided colon cancer. We investigated whether obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are associated with increased earlier-onset CRC risk according to tumor location.

Methods: Our nationwide population-based cohort study enrolled 9,774,081 individuals who underwent health checkups under the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2009 to 2010, with follow-up until 2019.

Association of fatty liver index with all-cause and disease-specific mortality: A nationwide cohort study.

Background: Population-based data regarding the prognostic implications of hepatic steatosis have been inconsistent. We examined the association between the fatty liver index (FLI) with all-cause and disease-specific mortality in the general population.

Methods: We included subjects who underwent a health examination in 2009 using the Korean nationwide health screening database.

Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and coronary atherosclerosis.

Background And Aim: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) typically presents with symptoms of heartburn and acid regurgitation but occasionally manifests as atypical chest pain. Coronary artery disease (CAD) and GERD share some risk factors, such as smoking and obesity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between GERD and coronary atherosclerosis and to assess the risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis in GERD patients.

Microcalcifications and Peritumoral Edema Predict Survival Outcome in Luminal Breast Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background Little is known regarding findings at imaging associated with survival in patients with luminal breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Purpose To determine the relationship between imaging (MRI, US, and mammography) and clinical-pathologic variables in predicting distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with luminal breast cancer treated with NAC. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, consecutive women with luminal breast cancer who underwent NAC followed by surgery were identified from the breast cancer registries of two hospitals.

Seronegative autoimmune encephalitis: clinical characteristics and factors associated with outcomes.

Seronegative autoimmune encephalitis is autoimmune encephalitis without any identifiable pathogenic antibody. Although it is a major subtype of autoimmune encephalitis, many unmet clinical needs exist in terms of clinical characteristics, treatments and prognosis. In this institutional cohort study, patients diagnosed with seronegative autoimmune encephalitis with available 2-year outcomes were analysed for the disease course, 2-year outcome prediction system, effect of immunotherapy, necessity of further immunotherapy at 6 or 12 months and pattern of brain atrophy.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms and seizure related with serum cytokine in epilepsy patients.

Neuroinflammation contributes to epileptogenesis and ictogenesis. Various signals of neuroinflammation lead to neuronal hyper-excitability. Since an interplay between epilepsy, psychiatric comorbidities and neuroinflammation has been suggested, we explored psychiatric symptoms in epilepsy patients, and the relationship with neuroinflammation.

Increased Risk of Cancer after Cholecystectomy: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea including 123,295 Patients.

Background/aims: Contradictory findings on the association between cholecystectomy and cancer have been reported. We aimed to investigate the risk of all types of cancers or site-specific cancers in patients who underwent cholecystectomy using a nationwide dataset.

Methods: Subjects who underwent cholecystectomy from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2014, who were older than 20 years and who underwent an initial baseline health check-up within 2 years were enrolled.

Prediction of incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with polygenic risk of metabolic disease: Analysis of 3 prospective cohort studies in Korea.

Background And Aims: Studies have demonstrated that the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) can be assessed by polygenic risk score (PRS) using common genetic variants. Because metabolic syndrome is a well-known, robust risk factor of ASCVD, we established PRS of metabolic disease and analyzed whether this PRS could predict incident ASCVD.

Methods: We constructed PRSs for eight quantifiable metabolic phenotypes-systolic/diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), four blood lipid components, and fasting blood glucose-by genome-wide association studies of two prospective Korean cohorts (n = 37,285).

Sex, menopause, and age differences in the associations of persistent organic pollutants with thyroid hormones, thyroxine-binding globulin, and peripheral deiodinase activity: A cross-sectional study of the general Korean adult population.

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) can disrupt the thyroid hormone system in humans. We assessed the associations of several POPs with serum thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone, and investigated the modulating effects of sex, menopausal status, and age on these associations, in a subgroup of the adult population (n = 1250) from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey. PCB105 and PCB118 were negatively associated with total T4 in premenopausal females and males aged <50, whereas the associations were insignificant in other groups.

Sex and Age Differences in the Impact of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components including A Body Shape Index on Arterial Stiffness in the General Population.

Aim: We investigated the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components, including a body shape index (ABSI), on increased arterial stiffness measured using the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) according to sex and age strata.

Methods: A total of 7127 asymptomatic Korean participants aged 21-90 years (men, 69.4%) were included.

Inverse correlation between gastroesophageal reflux disease and atrophic gastritis assessed by endoscopy and serology.

Background: () infection is known to prevent the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by inducing gastric mucosal atrophy. However, little is known about the relationship between atrophic gastritis (AG) and GERD.

Aim: To confirm the inverse correlation between AG and the occurrence and severity of GERD.

Impact of diabetes mellitus on the outcomes of subjects with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A nationwide cohort study.

Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) often coexists in elderly hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients; however, its impact on clinical outcomes is unclear.

Methods: We compared clinical outcomes according to the presence of DM in a nationwide HCM cohort.

Results: In 9,883 HCM subjects (mean age 58.

Comparison of nicotine dependence between single and multiple tobacco product users among South Korean adults.

Introduction: The relationship between nicotine dependence and the use of multiple tobacco products, such as heated tobacco products (HTPs), electronic cigarettes (ECs), and combustible cigarettes (CCs), is not well investigated. We evaluated nicotine dependence symptoms among South Korean adults among single and multiple tobacco product users.

Methods: We conducted an online survey involving 7000 adults aged 20-69 years in November 2018 and compared the nicotine dependence among single, dual, and triple use of tobacco products.

Non-alcoholic/Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Additively Increase the Risk of Arterial Stiffness.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and () infection have a close association with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is characterized by metabolic dysfunction in NAFLD. We investigated the synergistic effects of NAFLD/MAFLD and infection on the risk of arterial stiffness in an asymptomatic population.

U-Shaped Associations Between Body Weight Changes and Major Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Longitudinal Follow-up Study of a Nationwide Cohort of Over 1.5 Million.

Objective: Despite the benefits of weight loss on metabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), its association with myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke (IS), atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF), and all-cause death remains elusive.

Research Design And Methods: Using the National Health Insurance Service Database, we screened subjects who underwent general health checkups twice in a 2-year interval between 2009 and 2012. After identifying 1,522,241 patients with T2DM without a previous history of MI, IS, AF, and HF, we followed them until December 2018.

Development and validation of a novel strong prognostic index for colon cancer through a robust combination of laboratory features for systemic inflammation: a prognostic immune nutritional index.

Background: Systemic inflammation is associated with survival outcomes in colon cancer. However, it is not well-known which systemic inflammatory marker is a powerful prognostic marker in patients with colon cancer.

Methods: A total of 4535 colon cancer patients were included in this study.

Leveraging deep phenotyping from health check-up cohort with 10,000 Korean individuals for phenome-wide association study of 136 traits.

The expanding use of the phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) faces challenges in the context of using International Classification of Diseases billing codes for phenotype definition, imbalanced study population ethnicity, and constrained application of the results in research. We performed a PheWAS utilizing 136 deep phenotypes corroborated by comprehensive health check-ups in a Korean population, along with trans-ethnic comparisons through using the UK Biobank and Biobank Japan Project. Meta-analysis with Korean and Japanese population was done.

Contraception in the COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations from the Korean society of contraception and reproductive health.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with a systemic inflammatory response that activates coagulation in symptomatic patients. In addition, a rare form of thrombosis has been reported in people who received the COVID-19 vaccine, most of whom were women younger than 50 years of age. Considering that hormonal contraceptive methods widely used by women of childbearing age increase the risk of thrombosis, the development of guidelines for the use of hormonal contraceptives in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic is necessary.

Predicting Parkinson's disease using gradient boosting decision tree models with electroencephalography signals.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with only symptomatic treatments currently available. Although correct, early diagnoses of PD are important, the existing diagnostic method based on pathologic examinations only has an accuracy of approximately 80.6%.

Long-term effect of the eradication of Helicobacter pylori on the hemoglobin A1c in type 2 diabetes or prediabetes patients.

Background/aims: The long-term effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the metabolic syndrome or diabetes are unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of H. pylori eradication on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or prediabetes mellitus (preDM).