Beveled microneedles with channel for transdermal injection and sampling, fabricated with minimal steps and standard MEMS technology.

Microneedles hold the potential for enabling shallow skin penetration applications where biomarkers are extracted from the interstitial fluid (ISF) and drugs are injected in a painless and effective manner. To this purpose, needles must have an inner channel. Channeled needles were demonstrated using custom silicon microtechnology, having several needle tip geometries.

Supercooled condensation droplets sliding on frost: Origin and anti-frosting effect observed on Cotinus coggygria leaf.

Fascinated by the purple color, water-repellent, and self-cleaning properties of leaves, we studied their morphology, wetting, and condensation frosting. Wax nanotubules confer high contact angles, enabling coalescence-induced condensation droplet (out-of-plane) jumping, which, as known, contributes to slowing down frost. Another type of movement-this time in-plane-becomes predominant in reducing the frosting velocity ( ) within a sub-cooling temperature range.

A ring resonators optical sensor for multiple biomarkers detection.

In the recent years, the number of Point-Of-Care-Tests (POCTs) available for clinical diagnostic has steadily increased. POCTs provide a near-patient testing with the potential to generate a result quickly so that appropriate treatment can be implemented, leading to improved clinical outcomes compared to traditional laboratory testing. Technological advances, such as miniaturization of sensors and improved instrumentation, have revolutionized POCTs, enabling the development of smaller and more accurate devices.

Self-Locking in Collapsed Carbon Nanotube Stacks via Molecular Dynamics.

Self-locking structures are often studied in macroscopic energy absorbers, but the concept of self-locking can also be effectively applied at the nanoscale. In particular, we can engineer self-locking mechanisms at the molecular level through careful shape selection or chemical functionalisation. The present work focuses on the use of collapsed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as self-locking elements.

Fabrication and Performance Evaluation of a Nanostructured ZnO-Based Solid-State Electrochromic Device.

In this study, we present an all-solid-state electrochromic device (ECD) that eliminates the need for hard-to-obtain materials and conventional liquid/gel electrolytes. Using a cost-effective and industrially scalable spray coating technique, we developed an ECD containing a layer of zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO) synthesized via a simple solochemical route. The device configuration includes a preformed Al-coated glass substrate, acting as a counter electrode, within a glass/Al/ZnO/PEDOT:PSS architecture.

Novel Chemoresistive Sensors for Indoor CO Monitoring: Validation in an Operational Environment.

Health and safety considerations of indoor occupants in enclosed spaces are crucial for building management which involves the strict control and monitoring of carbon dioxide levels to maintain acceptable air quality standards. For this study, we developed a wireless, noninvasive, and portable platform for the continuous monitoring of carbon dioxide concentration in enclosed environments, i.e.

Nano Hotplate Fabrication for Metal Oxide-Based Gas Sensors by Combining Electron Beam and Focused Ion Beam Lithography.

Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors are widely used for gas detection. Typically, the hotplate element is the key component in MOS gas sensors which provide a proper and tunable operation temperature. However, the low power efficiency of the standard hotplates greatly limits the portable application of MOS gas sensors.

Fabrication of a Highly NO-Sensitive Gas Sensor Based on a Defective ZnO Nanofilm and Using Electron Beam Lithography.

Hazardous substances produced by anthropic activities threaten human health and the green environment. Gas sensors, especially those based on metal oxides, are widely used to monitor toxic gases with low cost and efficient performance. In this study, electron beam lithography with two-step exposure was used to minimize the geometries of the gas sensor hotplate to a submicron size in order to reduce the power consumption, reaching 100 °C with 0.

Insights into the Sensing Mechanism of a Metal-Oxide Solid Solution via Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy.

Recently, the influence of Nb addition in the oxide solid solution of Sn and Ti was investigated with regard to the morphological, structural and electrical properties for the production of chemoresistive gas sensors. (Sn,Ti,Nb)O-based sensors showed promising features for ethanol monitoring in commercial or industrial settings characterized by frequent variation in relative humidity. Indeed, the three-metal solid solution highlighted a higher response level vs.

Functionalization of Indium Oxide for Empowered Detection of CO over an Extra-Wide Range of Concentrations.

Carbon capture, storage, and utilization have become familiar terms when discussing climate change mitigation actions. Such endeavors demand the availability of smart and inexpensive devices for CO monitoring. To date, CO detection relies on optical properties and there is a lack of devices based on solid-state gas sensors, which can be miniaturized and easily made compatible with Internet of Things platforms.

Thickness measurements of graphene oxide flakes using atomic force microscopy: results of an international interlaboratory comparison.

Flake thickness is one of the defining properties of graphene-related 2D materials (GR2Ms), and therefore requires reliable, accurate, and reproducible measurements with well-understood uncertainties. This is needed regardless of the production method or manufacturer because it is important for all GR2M products to be globally comparable. An international interlaboratory comparison on thickness measurements of graphene oxide flakes using atomic force microscopy has been completed in technical working area 41 of versailles project on advanced materials and standards.

Near Infrared Efficiency Enhancement of Silicon Photodiodes by Integration of Metal Nanostructures Supporting Surface Plasmon Polaritrons.

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in detectors capable of detecting single photons in the near-infrared (NIR), mainly due to the emergence of new applications such as light detection and ranging (LiDAR) for, e.g., autonomous driving.

Elucidating the Ambient Stability and Gas Sensing Mechanism of Nickel-Decorated Phosphorene for NO Detection: A First-Principles Study.

In the field of layered two-dimensional functional materials, black phosphorus has attracted considerable attention in many applications due to its outstanding electrical properties. It has experimentally shown superior chemical sensing performance for the room temperature detection of NO, highlighting high sensitivity at a ppb level. Unfortunately, pristine black phosphorus demonstrated an unstable functionality due to the fast degradation of the material when exposed to the ambient atmosphere.

Design of a Metal-Oxide Solid Solution for Sub-ppm H Detection.

Hydrogen is largely adopted in industrial processes and is one of the leading options for storing renewable energy. Due to its high explosivity, detection of H has become essential for safety in industries, storage, and transportation. This work aims to design a sensing film for high-sensitivity H detection.