Novel Combinations of Immunotherapies or DNA Damage Repair Inhibitors in Platinum-Refractory Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Phase II BALTIC Study.

Purpose: The phase II, multiarm, signal-searching BALTIC study (NCT02937818) assessed novel treatment combinations for platinum-refractory/resistant extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC).

Patients And Methods: Patients with ES-SCLC with progressive disease during or within 90 days of completing first-line platinum-based chemotherapy received one of three regimens: durvalumab plus tremelimumab followed by durvalumab monotherapy (arm A), adavosertib plus carboplatin (arm B), or ceralasertib plus olaparib (arm C). The primary endpoint was the objective response rate.

Correlations between distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy and cardiovascular complications in diabetic patients in the North-Eastern region of Hungary.

Distal sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) is the earliest detectable and the most frequent microvascular complication in diabetes mellitus. Several studies have previously demonstrated correlations between cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic patients and independent risk factors for diabetic neuropathy. Our objective was to retrospectively analyze data from diabetic patients in the North-East region of Hungary who underwent neuropathy screening at the Diabetic Neuropathy Center, University of Debrecen, between 2017 and 2021.

New Developments in Pharmacological Treatment of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes-Beyond and within GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.

Guidelines for the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) emphasize the importance of lifestyle changes, including a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. However, for many people, these changes can be difficult to maintain over the long term. Medication options are already available to treat obesity, which can help reduce appetite and/or reduce caloric intake.

Hierarchical organization of human physical activity.

Human physical activity (HPA), a fundamental physiological signal characteristic of bodily motion is of rapidly growing interest in multidisciplinary research. Here we report the existence of hitherto unidentified hierarchical levels in the temporal organization of HPA on the ultradian scale: on the minute's scale, passive periods are followed by activity bursts of similar intensity ('quanta') that are organized into superstructures on the hours- and on the daily scale. The time course of HPA can be considered a stochastic, quasi-binary process, where quanta, assigned to task-oriented actions are organized into work packages on higher levels of hierarchy.

Large-Scale Plasma Proteome Epitome Profiling is an Efficient Tool for the Discovery of Cancer Biomarkers.

Current proteomic technologies focus on the quantification of protein levels, while little effort is dedicated to the development of system approaches to simultaneously monitor proteome variability and abundance. Protein variants may display different immunogenic epitopes detectable by monoclonal antibodies. Epitope variability results from alternative splicing, posttranslational modifications, processing, degradation, and complex formation and possesses dynamically changing availability of interacting surface structures that frequently serve as reachable epitopes and often carry different functions.

Structural priors represented by discrete cosine transform improve EIT functional imaging.

Structural prior information can improve electrical impedance tomography (EIT) reconstruction. In this contribution, we introduce a discrete cosine transformation-based (DCT-based) EIT reconstruction algorithm to demonstrate a way to incorporate the structural prior with the EIT reconstruction process. Structural prior information is obtained from other available imaging methods, e.

The Actigraphy-Based Identification of Premorbid Latent Liability of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder.

(1) Background and Goal: Several studies have investigated the association of sleep, diurnal patterns, and circadian rhythms with the presence and with the risk states of mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The goal of our study was to examine actigraphic measures to identify features that can be extracted from them so that a machine learning model can detect premorbid latent liabilities for schizotypy and bipolarity. (2) Methods: Our team developed a small wrist-worn measurement device that collects and identifies actigraphic data based on an accelerometer.

Effects of omega-3 supplementation on quality of life, nutritional status, inflammatory parameters, lipid profile, exercise tolerance and inhaled medications in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: The omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have an anti-inflammatory effect, beneficial for allergies, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels and blood inflammatory parameters [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)]. The aim of our cross-sectional study was to monitor omega-3 supplementation in patients with severe COPD and assess its association with quality of life, nutritional status, inflammatory parameters, lipid profile, comorbidities, exercise tolerance and inhaled medications.

Methods: Our questionnaire on dietary supplement habits and our validated self-completion questionnaires were filled in by 400 patients with COPD at the National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Hungary, mean age 67 [61-73] years; forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (ref%): 46 [34-58]; 47.

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Cognitive Dysfunction in the Schizophrenia-Bipolar Spectrum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Cognitive impairment is a core feature of disorders on the schizophrenia-bipolar spectrum, i.e., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and schizoaffective disorder.

Differentiating Phenotypes of Coronavirus Disease-2019 Pneumonia by Electric Impedance Tomography.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia has different phenotypes. Selecting the patient individualized and optimal respirator settings for the ventilated patient is a challenging process. Electric impedance tomography (EIT) is a real-time, radiation-free functional imaging technique that can aid clinicians in differentiating the "low" (L-) and "high" (H-) phenotypes of COVID-19 pneumonia described previously.

Vesicovaginal fistula repair after a failed Lehoczky's island flap procedure.

Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is the most common genitourinary fistula associated with significant, detrimental impact on the quality of life. Surgical repair of VVF may be complex requiring tissue interposition techniques to bring fresh blood supply, minimize recurrence, and improve functional outcomes. The international literature is scarce regarding complications related to interposition tissue.

Detailed analysis and comparison of different activity metrics.

Actigraphic measurements are an important part of research in different disciplines, yet the procedure of determining activity values is unexpectedly not standardized in the literature. Although the measured raw acceleration signal can be diversely processed, and then the activity values can be calculated by different activity calculation methods, the documentations of them are generally incomplete or vary by manufacturer. These numerous activity metrics may require different types of preprocessing of the acceleration signal.

N-glycosylation structure - function characterization of omalizumab, an anti-asthma biotherapeutic product.

Omalizumab, a glycoprotein based biotherapeutics, is one of the most frequently used targeted antibody biopharmaceutical to reduce asthma exacerbations, improve lung function and reduce oral corticosteroid use. The effector function and clearance time of such glycoprotein drugs is affected by their N-glycosylation, that defines the required administration frequency to improve the quality of life in appropriately selected patients. Therefore, the glycosylation of biologics is an important critical quality attribute (CQA).

The use of a detailed video-based locomotor pattern analysis system to assess the functional reinnervation of denervated hind limb muscles.

Background: Spinal cord injuries induce a critical loss of motoneurons followed by irreversible locomotor function impairment. Surgical approaches combined with neuroprotective agents effectively rescue the damaged motoneurons and improve locomotor function. Our aim was to develop a reliable method which is able to provide quantifiable and in-depth data on the locomotor recovery during skeletal muscle reinnervation.

Metoidioplasty: Surgical Options and Outcomes in 813 Cases.

Introduction: Metoidioplasty is a variant of phalloplasty for transmen that includes the creation of the neophallus from a hormonally enlarged clitoris, urethral lengthening and scrotoplasty. The procedure results in male appearance of genitalia, voiding in standing position and preserved sexual arousal, but without possibility for penetrative intercourse. We evaluated outcomes of metoidioplasty at our center, based on latest surgical refinements.

Response to secukinumab on synovitis using Power Doppler ultrasound in psoriatic arthritis: 12-week results from a phase III study, ULTIMATE.

Objectives: To investigate the dynamics of response of synovitis to IL-17A inhibition with secukinumab in patients with active PsA using Power Doppler ultrasound.

Methods: The randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase III ULTIMATE study enrolled PsA patients with active ultrasound synovitis and clinical synovitis and enthesitis having an inadequate response to conventional DMARDs and naïve to biologic DMARDs. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either weekly subcutaneous secukinumab (300 or 150 mg according to the severity of psoriasis) or placebo followed by 4-weekly dosing thereafter.

Assessing the risk of rapid radiographic progression in Hungarian rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Background: The outcome of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) should be determined early. Rapid radiological progression (RRP) is > or = 5 units increase according to the van der Heijde-Sharp score within a year. The risk of RRP can be estimated by a matrix model using non-radiographic indicators, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF) and swollen joint count (SJC).

Detection of Different COVID-19 Pneumonia Phenotypes with Estimated Alveolar Collapse and Overdistention by Bedside Electrical Impedance Tomography.

COVID-19 induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) could have two different phenotypes, which was reported to have different response and outcome to the typical ARDS positive end-expiration pressure (PEEP) treatment. The identification of the different phenotypes in terms of the recruitability can help improve the patient outcome. In this contribution we conducted alveolar overdistention and collapse analysis with the long term electrical impedance tomography monitoring data on two severe COVID-19 pneumonia patients.

Machine Learning Based Analysis of Human Serum glycome Alterations to Follow up Lung Tumor Surgery.

The human serum glycome is a valuable source of biomarkers for malignant diseases, already utilized in multiple studies. In this paper, the glycosylation changes in human serum proteins were analyzed after surgical lung tumor resection. Seventeen lung cancer patients were involved in this study and the glycosylation pattern of their serum samples was analyzed before and after the surgery using capillary electrophoresis separation with laser-induced fluorescent detection.

Consensus-based recommendations for the management of juvenile systemic sclerosis.

Juvenile systemic sclerosis (JSSc) is a rare disease of childhood and currently no international consensus exists with regard to its assessment and treatment. This SHARE (Single Hub and Access point for paediatric Rheumatology in Europe) initiative, based on expert opinion informed by the best available evidence, provides recommendations for the assessment and treatment of patients with JSSc with a view to improving their outcome. Experts focused attention not only on the skin assessment but also on the early signs of internal organ involvement whose proper treatment can significantly affect the long-term outcome.

Modeling of the Desialylated Human Serum N-glycome for Molecular Diagnostic Applications in Inflammatory and Malignant Lung Diseases.

Background: Immunoglobulin G and A, transferrin, haptoglobin and alpha-1- antitrypsin represent approximately 85% of the human serum glycoproteome and their N-glycosylation analysis may lead to the discovery of important molecular disease markers. However, due to the labile nature of the sialic acid residues, the desialylated subset of the serum N-glycoproteome has been traditionally utilized for diagnostic applications.

Objective: Creating a five-protein model to deconstruct the overall N-glycosylation fingerprints in inflammatory and malignant lung diseases.

Comparative analysis of the human serum N-glycome in lung cancer, COPD and their comorbidity using capillary electrophoresis.

Lung cancer (LC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are prevalent ailments with a great challenge to distinguish them based on symptoms only. Since they require different treatments, it is important to find non-invasive methods capable to readily diagnose them. Moreover, COPD increases the risk of lung cancer development, leading to their comorbidity.

Utilization of acute vascular imaging and neurointervention for acute ischaemic stroke patients in 20 Hungarian stroke centers.

Background And Purpose: Acute mortality rate of stroke in Hungary is significantly higher than in Western Europe, which is likely to be partially attributable to suboptimal treatment.

Methods: We examined the use of acute vascular imaging and mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischaemic stroke patients. We collected data on 20 consecutive patients from Hungarian stroke centers before 31st August 2016.

High Throughput Multiplex SNP-analysis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer.

Background: A number of human inflammatory diseases and tumors have been shown to cause alterations in the glycosylation pattern of plasma proteins in a specific manner. These highly variable and versatile post-translational modifications finetune protein functions by influencing sorting, folding, enzyme activity and subcellular localization. However, relatively little is known about regulatory factors of this procedure and about the accurate causative connection between glycosylation and disease.