78 results match your criteria: "Seizures and Epilepsy Overview and Classification"
Seizures and Epilepsy: An Overview for UK Medical Students.
Cureus
October 2024
Physics, Leyton Sixth Form College, London, GBR.
Article Synopsis
- Epilepsy is a widespread neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, and this article provides a clinical overview specifically for UK medical students, covering its pathophysiology, classification, and management strategies.
- The piece distinguishes between epilepsy and seizures and discusses risk factors, clinical features, differential diagnosis, and the importance of thorough evaluations for effective management.
- It pulls data from UK health guidelines and studies to offer insights on incidence, treatment gaps, and strategies for acute seizure management, aiming to equip students with a solid foundation for evidence-based clinical practice.
Classification of Current Experimental Models of Epilepsy.
Brain Sci
October 2024
Department of Neurochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Av. Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City 14269, Mexico.
Article Synopsis
Computer vision for automated seizure detection and classification: A systematic review.
Epilepsia
May 2024
Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Article Synopsis
Myoclonus: Differential diagnosis and current management.
Epilepsia Open
April 2024
Neurology Unit, ASST Lodi, Lodi, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- * It can be classified based on its cause, distribution in the body, or the brain region involved, which helps determine observable patterns and treatment options.
- * The review highlights myoclonus as often linked to epilepsy and aims to provide insights on its neurophysiology and classification, offering practical strategies for clinicians in diagnosis and treatment.
Surgical treatment of epilepsy - Initial experience from a comprehensive epilepsy program in coastal South India.
J Neurosci Rural Pract
June 2023
Department of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India.
Article Synopsis
Clinical and biochemical footprints of inherited metabolic diseases. XV. Epilepsies.
Mol Genet Metab
November 2023
Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The study offers an extensive review of inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) where epilepsy is a significant symptom, identifying 256 types linked to various seizure types.
- It categorizes these disorders based on established medical classifications, specific seizure-related factors, and their treatability.
- Findings reveal that most inherited metabolic epilepsies manifest in newborns and that around 20% are treatable, mainly in the areas of mineral metabolism and nutrient processing, providing crucial information for healthcare providers.
Mitochondrial diseases in Hong Kong: prevalence, clinical characteristics and genetic landscape.
Orphanet J Rare Dis
March 2023
Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess the prevalence, clinical features, and genetic factors of mitochondrial diseases (MD) in Hong Kong by analyzing data from public hospitals from 1985 to 2020.
- A total of 119 MD patients were reviewed, revealing a prevalence rate of 1.02 cases per 100,000 people, with neurological issues being the most common symptoms and a 37% mortality rate within the cohort.
- The study highlights the predominance of pathogenic variants in the mitochondrial genome and serves as a foundational step towards creating a local MD registry for further research.
EEG in neonatal seizures: where to look and what to see.
Expert Rev Neurother
February 2023
Child Neurology Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
Introduction: Neonatal seizures are frequent and carry a detrimental prognostic outlook. Diagnosis is based on EEG confirmation. Classification has recently changed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSupervised Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques for Epileptic Seizure Recognition Using EEG Signals-A Systematic Literature Review.
Bioengineering (Basel)
December 2022
Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia.
Article Synopsis
Photo-Dependent Reflex Seizures-A Scoping Review with Proposal of Classification.
J Clin Med
June 2022
Department of Pediatric Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
Article Synopsis
[New classification of epileptic seizures and the epilepsies].
Ugeskr Laeger
June 2022
Klinisk Neurofysiologisk Afdeling, Københavns Universitetshospital - Rigshospitalet.
Article Synopsis
- - The ILAE has updated its classification system for epileptic seizures and the epilepsies after several decades, introducing new classifiers for focal seizures based on awareness and motor symptoms.
- - Existing seizure types are mostly retained, but they can now be categorized into multiple groups, including focal, generalized, or unknown onset, acknowledging that some individuals may experience a mix of these features.
- - The updated framework also includes expanded classifications for the causes (aetiologies) of epilepsy and associated conditions (comorbidities), offering a comprehensive overview of these changes.
2022 Overview of Metabolic Epilepsies.
Genes (Basel)
March 2022
Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1012 WX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Understanding the genetic basis of metabolic epilepsies is crucial for both current clinical practices and future research opportunities.
- The study identified 600 types of metabolic epilepsies, which make up about 37% of all inherited metabolic diseases, with epilepsy being a common symptom in various disorders, particularly those affecting energy and neurotransmitter metabolism.
- While 70% of cases show abnormalities in lab tests, many indicators are non-specific, and 111 metabolic epilepsies have specific treatments that can improve health outcomes if diagnosed promptly, highlighting the need for better awareness of these conditions.
Small Molecules as Modulators of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels in Neurological Disorders: State of the Art and Perspectives.
Molecules
February 2022
Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Peter-Mayr Strasse 1, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Article Synopsis
- - Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are crucial for various body functions, including gene transcription, muscle contraction, hormone release, and neuronal plasticity, and their dysfunction can lead to serious health issues like heart and neurological disorders.
- - Recent research highlights the significant impact of VGCCs in conditions such as autism, Parkinson's disease, addiction, pain, and epilepsy, emphasizing the need for targeted treatments.
- - Though some calcium channel inhibitors are currently in use for pain and cardiovascular issues, there’s a demand for more specific drugs, prompting the exploration of new therapeutic strategies targeting VGCCs in treating neurological disorders.
Efficacy and tolerability of antiseizure drugs.
Ther Adv Neurol Disord
September 2021
The Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
Article Synopsis
- Over the last 30 years, new second- and third-generation antiseizure drugs have been developed, providing more treatment options tailored to individual patient needs.
- Recent classifications and guidelines have emerged to guide the selection of antiseizure drugs based on specific seizure types and patient characteristics, emphasizing the need for continued research and clinician experience in treatment decisions.
Epilepsy on social media: An exploratory study of Arabic language content.
Epilepsy Behav
August 2021
The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan. Electronic address:
This exploratory study provides an overview of Arabic language content for epilepsy available on three social media platforms: Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, from the time that the platforms came into being up to the end of the year 2020. Two Arabic keywords that mean "epilepsy" and "convulsion" were used on the search engine of each platform to extract related content. Two reviews were conducted for 300 randomly selected pages, accounts, and videos from a total of 795 related published ones on the targeted platforms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpileptic Seizures Detection Using Deep Learning Techniques: A Review.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
May 2021
Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Singapore University of Social Sciences, Singapore 599494, Singapore.
Article Synopsis
Epileptic aphasia - A critical appraisal.
Epilepsy Behav
August 2021
Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
Introduction: Aphasic and other language disturbances occur in patients with epilepsy during and after epileptic seizures. Moreover, the interictal language profile in these patients is heterogeneous, varying from normal language profile to impairment in different language functions. The aim of this paper was to critically review the terms and concepts of ictal language alterations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpilepsy.
Handb Clin Neurol
July 2021
University College London National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that leads to seizures and can cause various neurobiological, cognitive, psychological, and social issues, affecting around 0.5%-1% of children globally.
- Most children with epilepsy have self-limiting forms that generally have good outcomes, but seizures can disrupt normal brain development.
- Understanding the complexities of epilepsy, including its diagnosis and treatment, is crucial for managing both the condition and associated behavioral or cognitive challenges.
Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizures and Pseudo-Refractory Epilepsy, a Management Challenge.
Front Neurol
June 2020
Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are neurobehavioral conditions positioned in a gray zone, not infrequently a no-man land, that lies in the intersection between Neurology and Psychiatry. According to the DSM 5, PNES are a subgroup of conversion disorders (CD), while the ICD 10 classifies PNES as dissociative disorders. The incidence of PNES is estimated to be in the range of 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA review of epileptic seizure detection using machine learning classifiers.
Brain Inform
May 2020
College of Applied Studies and Community Service, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Epilepsy is a serious chronic neurological disorder, can be detected by analyzing the brain signals produced by brain neurons. Neurons are connected to each other in a complex way to communicate with human organs and generate signals. The monitoring of these brain signals is commonly done using Electroencephalogram (EEG) and Electrocorticography (ECoG) media.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhat is status epilepticus and what do we know about its epidemiology?
Seizure
February 2020
Oxford Epilepsy Research Group, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.
Article Synopsis
- Epidemiological studies on medical conditions often face challenges like selection bias and statistical power, but status epilepticus has additional complexities, such as defining the condition itself and whether it represents a distinct entity or a severe form of epilepsy.
- This article provides a historical overview of changing perspectives on status epilepticus, focuses specifically on adults (as pediatric cases are covered elsewhere), and reviews several population-based studies while discussing their limitations and advantages.
- The research indicates that status epilepticus is more prevalent among African-Americans, males, and certain age groups, and emphasizes the need for more research on nonconvulsive status epilepticus and a better understanding of its overall epidemiology, given its association with significant morbidity.
Epilepsy-related and other causes of mortality in people with epilepsy: A systematic review of systematic reviews.
Epilepsy Res
November 2019
Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address:
Background: This systematic review of epilepsy mortality systematic reviews evaluates comparative risks, causes, and risk factors for all-cause mortality in people with epilepsy (PWE) to specifically establish the burden of epilepsy-related deaths.
Methods: MEDLINE and Embase were searched from conception to 26/12/2018 for systematic reviews evaluating all-cause mortality in PWE of any age. Independent study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed.
Article Synopsis
Epilepsy Overview and Revised Classification of Seizures and Epilepsies.
Continuum (Minneap Minn)
April 2019
Purpose Of Review: The classification of seizures, epilepsies, and epilepsy syndromes creates a framework for clinicians, researchers, and patients and their families. This classification has evolved over the years, and in 2017 the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) published an operational classification of seizures and epilepsies. Understanding this classification is important in the diagnosis, treatment, and understanding of seizures and epilepsies, including epilepsy incidence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacological treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents with epilepsy.
Rev Neurol (Paris)
March 2019
Department of pediatric neurology, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP, 75019 Paris, France; Inserm UMR1141, University Paris Diderot, 75019 Paris, France. Electronic address:
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequent comorbidities in children with epilepsy with an increased risk of other psychiatric comorbidities and academic underachievement. In children with epilepsy, the attentive form is the most common clinical presentation in pediatric epilepsies. A systemic review and a consensus from the ILAE have been recently published on diagnosis, screening and management of ADHD in children with epilepsy.
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