Maternal Active Mastication during Prenatal Stress Ameliorates Prenatal Stress-Induced Lower Bone Mass in Adult Mouse Offspring.

Chronic psychological stress is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Maternal active mastication during prenatal stress attenuates stress response. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that maternal active mastication influences the effect of prenatal stress on bone mass and bone microstructure in adult offspring.

Tooth loss early in life suppresses neurogenesis and synaptophysin expression in the hippocampus and impairs learning in mice.

Objective: Tooth loss induced neurological alterations through activation of a stress hormone, corticosterone. Age-related hippocampal morphological and functional changes were accelerated by early tooth loss in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8). In order to explore the mechanism underlying the impaired hippocampal function resulting from early masticatory dysfunction due to tooth loss, we investigated the effects of early tooth loss on plasma corticosterone levels, learning ability, neurogenesis, and synaptophysin expression in the hippocampus later in life of SAMP8 mice.

Stress-induced galectin-1 influences immune tolerance in the spleen and thymus by modulating CD45 immunoreactive lymphocytes.

Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is differentially expressed in normal and pathological tissues and regulates immune cell homeostasis. Restraint stress increases serum Gal-1 in rats. However, the function of stress-induced Gal-1 in serum is unknown.

Novel stress increases hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity in mice with a raised bite.

Background And Objective: In humans, occlusal disharmony may cause various physical complaints, including head and neck ache, stiffness in the shoulder and neck, and arthrosis of the temporomandibular joints. Occlusal disharmony induced by raising the bite in rodents, increases plasma corticosterone levels, which leads to morphologic changes in the hippocampus and altered hippocampus-related behavior. The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system.

Effects of occlusal disharmony on the hippocampal dentate gyrus in aged senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8).

Background And Objective: Malocclusion induced by raising the bite causes chronic stress. Chronic stress leads to increased plasma corticosterone levels and impaired hippocampal function due to impaired neurogenesis or increased apoptosis in the hippocampus. The present study aimed to clarify the mechanisms underlying the impaired hippocampal function induced by the bite-raised condition in aged senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8).

Effects of Active Mastication on Chronic Stress-Induced Bone Loss in Mice.

Chronic psychologic stress increases corticosterone levels, which decreases bone density. Active mastication or chewing attenuates stress-induced increases in corticosterone. We evaluated whether active mastication attenuates chronic stress-induced bone loss in mice.

Hippocampus-dependent spatial memory impairment due to molar tooth loss is ameliorated by an enriched environment.

Background And Objective: Teeth are crucial, not only for mastication, but for overall nutrition and general health, including cognitive function. Aged mice with chronic stress due to tooth loss exhibit impaired hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. Exposure to an enriched environment restores the reduced hippocampal function.

Influence of restoration adjustments on prefrontal blood flow: A simplified NIRS preliminary study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine, after setting several restorations, the influence of adjusted occlusal interference during gum chewing on blood flow in the prefrontal area as determined using near-infrared spectroscopy.

Material And Methods: The physiological rate was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaire. We selected 16 patients who desired prosthetic restorative treatment on the lateral dentition, and eight healthy volunteers.

Mastication as a Stress-Coping Behavior.

Exposure to chronic stress induces various physical and mental effects that may ultimately lead to disease. Stress-related disease has become a global health problem. Mastication (chewing) is an effective behavior for coping with stress, likely due to the alterations chewing causes in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system.

Chewing Maintains Hippocampus-Dependent Cognitive Function.

Mastication (chewing) is important not only for food intake, but also for preserving and promoting the general health. Recent studies have showed that mastication helps to maintain cognitive functions in the hippocampus, a central nervous system region vital for spatial memory and learning. The purpose of this paper is to review the recent progress of the association between mastication and the hippocampus-dependent cognitive function.

Chewing ameliorates chronic mild stress-induced bone loss in senescence-accelerated mouse (SAMP8), a murine model of senile osteoporosis.

Chronic mild stress is a risk factor for osteoporosis and chewing inhibits the stress response. We examined the effect of chewing on chronic stress-induced bone loss and bone microstructural deterioration in mice. The senescence-accelerated mouse strain P8 (SAMP8) was randomly divided into control, stress, and stress with chewing groups of fifteen animals each.

Learning deficits and suppression of the cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of offspring are attenuated by maternal chewing during prenatal stress.

Prenatal stress in dams induces learning deficits and suppresses neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of offspring via increasing corticosterone levels in the dam. Chewing under stressful conditions prevents stress-induced behavioral impairments and morphologic changes. Here, we examined whether chewing during prenatal stress prevents the stress-induced learning deficits and the suppression of cell proliferation in the hippocampal DG in adult offspring.

WITHDRAWN: Chewing during chronic stress ameliorates stress-induced suppression of neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus in aged SAMP8 mice.

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Masticatory function and cognitive function.

Recent studies have suggest that masticatory (chewing) function is useful for maintaining neurocognitive function in the elderly. For example, a reduced ability to masticate, such as that resulting from toothlessness or soft-diet feeding, causes learning and memory deficits in aged animals and pathologic changes in the hippocampus. In addition, occlusal disharmony impairs hippocampal memory processes via chronic stress, and induces similar hippocampal pathology.

Chewing under restraint stress inhibits the stress-induced suppression of cell birth in the dentate gyrus of aged SAMP8 mice.

To investigate the mechanisms underlying impaired hippocampal function resulting from masticatory dysfunction, we examined the effects of the molarless condition on cell proliferation and the effect of the administration of metyrapone, which suppresses the stress-induced rise in plasma corticosterone levels, on cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of aged senescence-accelerated prone (SAMP8) mice. In addition, we examined whether chewing under restraint stress prevents the stress-induced suppression of cell proliferation. In aged mice, the molarless condition suppressed cell proliferation in the hippocampal DG.