Effect of Oral Lactate Administration on Skeletal Muscle Mass in Mice Under Different Loading Conditions.

Background/aim: Lactate is a physiologically active substance secreted by skeletal muscle that has been suggested to stimulate muscle mass gain. However, the molecular mechanism for lactate-associated muscle hypertrophy remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether oral administration of lactate increases muscle mass under different loading conditions.

The Impact of Lesser Trochanter Displacement on Hip Flexor Strength Recovery in Patients With Trochanteric Fracture.

Introduction: Trochanteric fractures (TFs) are common in older individuals and are expected to increase with Japan's aging population. These fractures often result in poor long-term outcomes, such as decreased independent walking and reduced hospital discharge rates. A significant aspect of TF involves displacement of the lesser trochanter (LT), which can weaken hip flexor muscles and potentially affect the recovery of activities of daily living (ADLs), including walking.

Machine learning-based screening for outpatients with dementia using drawing features from the clock drawing test.

In geriatrics and dementia care, early diagnosis is crucial. We developed a dementia screening model using drawing features from clock drawing tests (CDT) and investigated the features contributing to the discrimination of dementia and its screening performance. This study included 129 older adults attending a dementia outpatient clinic.

A multimodal non-pharmacological intervention for persons with dementia in nursing homes: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Background: Persons with dementia in nursing homes often experience cognitive decline (e.g., memory and visuospatial/construction problems), behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), and impaired activities of daily living.

Association between muscle quality and nutritional status among community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study.

Decline in muscle quality is associated with poorer health in community-dwelling older adults. Although there is evidence that malnutrition is associated with the decline of muscle quality in older adults, few analyses have considered important factors related to muscle quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between muscle quality and nutritional status in community-dwelling older adults, taking into account muscle mass, muscle strength, and amount of physical activity.

Effects of gait intervention using the draw-in maneuver on knee joint function and the thoracic kyphosis angle in knee osteoarthritis.

Background: To evaluate whether the knee adduction moment (KAM) could be reduced by a short instruction in the Draw-in (DI) maneuver in healthy adults, and whether knee joint function would improve with a longer DI gait intervention in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Method: In Study 1, healthy adults received 10 minutes supervised instruction in DI gait in and then practiced the gait independently for 10 minutes. Three-dimensional motion analysis measurement was performed in each phase.

Effect of digital game intervention on cognitive functions in older adults: a multiple baseline single case experimental design study.

Background: Residents in nursing homes are prone to cognitive decline affecting memory, visuospatial cognition, and executive functions. Cognitive decline can lead to dementia, necessitating prioritized intervention.

Methods: The current study aimed to investigate whether an intervention using a digital game was effective for preserving and improving the cognitive function of residents in nursing homes.

Associations Between Cognitive Function and Muscle Quality Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objective: To investigate whether muscle quality is related to cognitive function in older adults living in the community.

Methods: The participants were 40 community-dwelling older adults without a diagnosis of dementia (mean age, 78.85 ± 6.

Factors associated with physical activity following total knee arthroplasty for knee osteoarthritis: a longitudinal study.

Background: After total knee arthroplasty (TKA), patients' physical activity (PA) levels at 6 months are lower than those of healthy subjects. Few studies have investigated the factors associated with PA at 6 months after TKA by objectively measuring preoperative and postoperative PA intensity using an accelerometer and knee function using a goniometer and dynamometer. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with PA levels at 6 months after TKA based on objective data.

Phase Angle as a Nutritional Assessment Method in Patients with Hip Fractures: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Phase angle, which is associated with cellular health, has attracted attention as a noninvasive and objective method for nutritional assessment. However, the association between malnutrition and phase angle in older inpatients with hip fractures has not been reported. Therefore, this study investigated this association in older inpatients (aged ≥65 years) with hip fractures and determined the cutoff phase angle for determining malnutrition.

Relationship between Phase Angle and Physical Activity Intensity among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the association between phase angle (PhA) and physical activity intensity in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. The intensity and time of physical activity for predicting high PhA were also examined. This study involved 67 community-dwelling older adults (mean age: 78.

Appetite and family and friends network among community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the stronger correlate of appetite-family or friend networks-in community-dwelling older adults, given that undernutrition can impair physical function, increase mortality, and be influenced by social networks.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kasugai City, Aichi Prefecture, and Nara City, Nara Prefecture, Japan, between August 2019 and March 2023. The analysis included 119 participants (women: 79%, mean age: 76.

Longitudinal association between oral function and underweight onset among community-dwelling older adults: Role of regular self-weighing.

Aims: Regular self-weighing is effective in weight management and may help to mitigate the risk of underweight among older adults. We examined which factors of oral function are associated with a risk for underweight among community-dwelling older adults and whether regular self-weighing can mitigate that risk.

Methods: This was a cohort study.

The association between early rehabilitation and ambulatory ability at discharge in patients with hip fractures at acute-phase rehabilitation wards: a survey of the Japan Association of Rehabilitation Database.

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of early rehabilitation in patients with femoral neck fractures admitted to acute care settings in Japan using the data registered with the Japan Association of Rehabilitation Databases (JARD). We included data for 401 patients (out of 3088 patients) aged ≥ 65 years (85 males, 316 females) from nine hospitals who sustained a femoral neck fracture between July 2005 and September 2015. Using the number of days until surgery or the number of days until the start of rehabilitation or both as the explanatory variables, and the indoor mobility at discharge as the outcome variable, we calculated the adjusted rate ratio (ARR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using Poisson regression analysis (age, sex, cognitive impairment, concurrent symptoms, and previous history of fracture adjusted as covariates).

Activation of Lactate Receptor Positively Regulates Skeletal Muscle Mass in Mice.

G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81), a selective receptor for lactate, expresses in skeletal muscle cells, but the physiological role of GPR81 in skeletal muscle has not been fully elucidated. As it has been reported that the lactate administration induces muscle hypertrophy, the stimulation of GPR81 has been suggested to mediate muscle hypertrophy. To clarify the contribution of GPR81 activation in skeletal muscle hypertrophy, in the present study, we investigated the effect of GPR81 agonist administration on skeletal muscle mass in mice.

Correction: Ishihara et al. Association between Daily Physical Activity and Locomotive Syndrome in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. 2022, 8164.

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Efficacy of Supervised Exercise Therapy for Intermittent Claudication in a Case With Buerger's Disease.

Herein, we report a case of intermittent claudication (IC) caused by Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans {TAO}), which we treated using supervised exercise therapy (SET). The patient was a 58-year-old male with a history of smoking who presented with IC and resting pain in the right lower extremity, which had led to necrosis of the right first toe eight years prior to presentation. The non-healing right first toe was amputated and the patient underwent angiogenesis therapy in the right lower extremity.

Relationships between Loneliness and Occupational Dysfunction in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The study explored cross-sectional associations between loneliness and occupational dysfunction in community-dwelling older adults. Seventy-four older adults (12 men and 62 women; mean age 73.9 ± 8.

Factors Associated with Improvement in Activities of Daily Living during Hospitalization: A Retrospective Study of Older Patients with Hip Fractures.

Background: In this study, we aimed to examine the changes in delirium during hospitalization of patients and its association with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), as well as improvements in activities of daily living (ADL).

Methods: A longitudinal, retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 83 older adults (≥65 years) with hip fractures. We collected Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Functional Independence Measure-motor domain (m-FIM) assessment results from the medical charts at two time points: baseline (first week of hospitalization) and pre-discharge (final week before discharge).

Effect of diabetes mellitus on physical activity in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) may be comorbid with diabetes mellitus (DM), and physical activity is a recommended lifestyle strategy for both diseases. The present study investigated the physical activity differences by intensity between knee OA patients with or without DM, and evaluated if physical activity was associated with the presence of DM in knee OA patients.

Methods: A total of 183 patients (mean age 74.

Effects of N-acetyl-L-tryptophan on desorption of the protein-bound uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate and effects on uremic sarcopenia.

Introduction: Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a protein-bound uremic toxin that causes uremic sarcopenia. IS has poor dialysis clearance; however, the addition of a binding competitor improves its removal efficiency.

Methods: Dialysis experiments were performed using N-acetyl-l-tryptophan (L-NAT) instead of l-tryptophan (Trp) using pooled sera obtained from dialysis patients.

Aerobic Exercise for Upper Limb Function in a Patient With Severe Paralysis With Subacute Stroke: A Case Report.

Little is known about the effectiveness of aerobic exercise for upper limb function in patients with severe paralysis. We introduced aerobic exercise to improve upper limb function in a patient approximately three months after stroke onset. A 24-year-old woman presented with occlusion of the right internal carotid artery.

[Association between social participation and frailty among older adults: A longitudinal study from Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study].

Objective　In Japan, measures to prevent frailty among older adults have been implemented. Promotion of social participation is a key measure, but few longitudinal studies have examined the relationship between the types and number of social participation and frailty onset. In this study, we aimed to clarify the relationship between the types and number of social participation and frailty onset using longitudinal data from a large sample of older adults in municipalities in Japan.