The Responses of Arterial Stiffness Parameter Beta-Derived Index of the Aorta and Illiac-Femoral Artery to Acute Hypovolemia in Rabbits.

Introduction: Acute hemorrhage decreases blood pressure (BP) and sometimes causes hypovolemic shock. At this time, peripheral arteries are supposed to contract and increase peripheral vascular resistance to raise BP. However, there has not been an adequate index of a degree of arterial stiffness.

Arterial stiffness of the aorta and iliofemoral artery and their responses to nitroglycerin administration in myocardial infarction-prone Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits.

Objectives: The role of hypercholesterolemia in arterial stiffness, which usually reflects the progression of atherosclerosis has not been fully investigated. To clarify the meaning of arterial stiffness in hypercholesterolemia, we evaluated arterial stiffness in myocardial infarction-prone Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHLMI) rabbits by using new arterial stiffness indices of the aorta and common iliac to femoral artery. The new arterial stiffness indices of both arteries were determined by the application of the theory of cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) to the aorta (aBeta) and ilio-femoral artery (ifBeta).

Rapid Rise in Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index as a Predictor of Impending Cardiovascular Events -Smooth Muscle Cell Contraction Hypothesis for Plaque Rupture.

Predictive factors for vascular events have not been established. The vasculature of the atheroma is supplied by penetration of the vasa vasorum through the smooth muscle cell layer from the adventitia. Smooth muscle cell contraction induces compression of the vasa vasorum, resulting in ischemia in intimal atheromatous lesions.

Opposing Responses of the Calcium Channel Blocker Nicardipine to Vascular Stiffness in the Elastic and Muscular Arteries in Rabbits.

Aim: The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) consists of intrinsic and functional arterial stiffness mainly regulated by vasoactive compounds. A new stiffness index of the aorta (aBeta) and iliac-femoral arteries (ifBeta) was determined by applying the CAVI theory to the whole aorta and iliac-femoral arteries. We investigated the changes in aBeta and ifBeta in response to decreased blood pressure (BP) induced by the Ca channel blocker nicardipine to elucidate the involvement of Ca in aBeta and ifBeta.

Different Responses of Arterial Stiffness between the Aorta and the Iliofemoral Artery during the Administration of Phentolamine and Atenolol in Rabbits.

Aim: The mechanism underlying the stiffness of the aorta and iliofemoral artery that is required to maintain blood pressure (BP) is unclear. A new stiffness index of the aorta (aBeta) and iliac-femoral arteries (ifBeta) was defined by applying the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). We compared changes in stiffness of the two arteries in response to reduced BP, due to the non-selective α adrenergic blocker phentolamine and the β adrenergic blocker atenolol, in rabbits.

Physical Function and Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Elderly Heart Failure Patients.

The number of heart failure patients is increasing rapidly in Japan because of its large elderly population. As age increases, arterial stiffness and physical dysfunction progress. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the physical function and arterial stiffness in elderly heart failure patients.

The Effect of Nitroglycerin on Arterial Stiffness of the Aorta and the Femoral-Tibial Arteries.

Aim: The effect of nitroglycerin on proper arterial stiffness of the arterial tree has not been fully clarified. The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), which is an application of the stiffness parameter β theory on the arterial tree from the origin of the aorta to the ankle, was developed recently. Furthermore, the stiffness of the aorta (heart-thigh β (htBeta)) and of the femoral-tibial arteries (thigh to ankle β (taBeta)) could be monitored by applying the same theory.

The Role of Monitoring Arterial Stiffness with Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in the Control of Lifestyle-Related Diseases.

Arteriosclerosis is a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases. One of the difficulties in controlling those diseases is the lack of a suitable indicator of arteriosclerosis or arterial injury in routine clinical practice. Arterial stiffness was supposed to be one of the monitoring indexes of arteriosclerosis.

Effect of androgen deprivation therapy on arterial stiffness and serum lipid profile changes in patients with prostate cancer: a prospective study of initial 6-month follow-up.

Background: To explore arterial stiffness during the administration of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa), a new indicator, the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), and serum lipid profile changes were monitored.

Methods: A prospective study assessed the changes in arterial stiffness using the CAVI and clinical laboratory variables among 58 men with prostate cancer treated with ADT for 6 months. Furthermore, patients who had a high risk of developing arterial stiffness after ADT were investigated.