Efficacy of Chemotherapy Rechallenge Versus Regorafenib or Trifluridine/Tipiracil in Third-Line Setting of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Comparative Study.

Purpose: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a significant global health burden. This retrospective study compared the effectiveness of trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI), regorafenib, and chemotherapy rechallenge for third-line mCRC treatment.

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 132 patients with mCRC treated with regorafenib, FTD/TPI, or a rechallenge with the initial chemotherapy regimen in a third-line setting from four different institutions.

Exploring pH levels and environmental impacts on handwash products in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The human skin, with a pH of 4 to 6, serves as a barrier against external pathogens. Alkaline handwash products (HWPs) can compromise this barrier and are widely used following the Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aims to determine the pH of a sample of HWPs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and assess the effect of environmental factors on their pH.

Outcome of Open Hip Reduction, Pelvic Osteotomy, and Varus Derotational Osteotomy in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction For spastic hip dislocations, a variety of operations are available with open hip reduction and varus derotational osteotomy of the proximal femur combined with pelvic osteotomy ± adductor release being a good option with favourable outcomes. This study aims to assess the outcome and complications of combined open hip reduction with pelvic osteotomy and varus derotational osteotomy. Methods In this study, 70 hips in 52 patients with spastic hip dislocation due to cerebral palsy were included.

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Introduction: Despite different ultrasound parameters, left ventricular filling pressures (LVFP) assessment remains inconclusive in some cases.

Aim: To determine the contribution of left atrial strain (LAS) in estimating LVFP in patients with exertional symptoms and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.

Methods: This was a monocentric study, carried out in the cardiology department of the Interior Security Forces Hospital, La Marsa, between October 2021 and March 2022.

Enhancing scholarly discourse in the age of artificial intelligence: A guided approach to effective peer review process.

The integrity of the peer-review process (PRP) is paramount in academic publishing and serves as a critical filter for scholarly output. This mini-review centers on the introduction of comprehensive guidelines, presented in tables format, aimed at streamlining the interactions between authors and reviewers during the PRP. These guidelines, derived from an in-depth exploration of the PRP, offer structured and practical advice to ensure constructive, transparent, and effective communication, especially related to the use of artificial intelligence.

Effective Collaboration in the Surgical Management of Macroglossia in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome.

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a complex congenital overgrowth disorder necessitating a multidisciplinary approach for effective management. A 5-year-old Saudi girl with BWS received comprehensive care involving various specialists, including a plastic surgeon who performed a keyhole technique tongue reduction to address macroglossia. The intervention resulted in significant improvements in speech and quality of life, with no postoperative complications.

A population-based study of 15,000 people on Knowledge and awareness of lung cancer symptoms and risk factors in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Lung cancer is currently the most fatal form of cancer worldwide, ranking as the fourth most prevalent type in Saudi Arabia, particularly among males. This trend is expected to increase with growing population, lifestyle changes, and aging population. Understanding the awareness of the Saudi population regarding the risk factors and symptoms of lung cancer is necessary to attenuate the predicted increase in cases.

Cost analysis of a medical procedure using the full cost method: The example of a trans-thoracic scan-guided biopsy.

Introduction: Trans-thoracic scan-guided biopsy (TTB) is a crucial examination for exploring thoracic lesions, particularly in the case of tumor pathologies. To make informed decisions in cost-effectiveness analyses, it is important to understand the actual costs of this procedure.

Aim: To quantify the cost of performing TTB using a microeconomic approach.

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Introduction: Debriefing is the fundamental step in the learning process when teaching by simulation. The Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) guide is a tool designed to assess and develop the debriefing skills of trainers using healthcare simulation.

Aim: To evaluate the debriefing in high-fidelity mannequin simulation in the management of cardiological emergency by the DASH tool, student version.

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Helicobacter pylori infection is the most common infectious disease worldwide. It is associated with duodenal and gastric ulcer disease and the risk of gastric neoplasia. The management of helicobacter pylori infection currently represents a real challenge for clinicians, given the ever-increasing rate of resistance of Helicobacter pyolori to various antibiotics.

Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma with and without nodal metastasis: A comparative analysis.

Objectives: To assess the demographics and clinical factors of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) patients in Saudi Arabia and compared and analyzed the differences between the patients with and without lymph node metastasis (LNM). Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is a common thyroid cancer and is not usually detectable clinically but found incidentally after pathologic evaluation of thyroid tissue following surgery for benign thyroid disorders. However, these tumors have a significant risk of LNM.

Dosing Strategy for Osteobiologics Used in ACDF Surgery: Influence on Fusion Rates and Associated Complications. A Systematic Literature Review.

Study Design: Systematic review.

Objective: To assess the available evidence related to dose-dependent effectiveness (i.e.

AO Spine Guideline for the Use of Osteobiologics (AOGO) in Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion for Spinal Degenerative Cases.

Study Design: Guideline.

Objectives: To develop an international guideline (AOGO) about the use of osteobiologics in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for treating degenerative spine conditions.

Methods: The guideline development process was guided by AO Spine Knowledge Forum Degenerative (KF Degen) and followed the Guideline International Network McMaster Guideline Development Checklist.

The Saudi urological association guidelines on urolithiasis.

Aims: The Saudi Urolithiasis Guidelines are a set of recommendations for diagnosing, evaluating, and treating urolithiasis in the Saudi population. These guidelines are based on the latest evidence and expert consensus to improve patient outcomes and optimize care delivery. They cover the various aspects of urolithiasis, including risk factors, diagnosis, medical and surgical treatments, and prevention strategies.

Evaluation of Clinical Preventive Management Provided by Primary Healthcare Physicians Against Brucellosis in Saudi Arabia.

Background:  Brucellosis is among the most common zoonotic bacterial infections, leading to major public health consequences in endemic areas such as Saudi Arabia. Primary healthcare is crucial in controlling brucellosis, as it serves as the frontline for disease prevention, early detection, and appropriate management. However, enhancing the contribution of primary healthcare to the entire brucellosis notification process is necessary to minimize the underreporting and inadequate data collection, which hinders the implementation of effective control measures.

Structural and energetic analysis of NS5 protein inhibition by small molecules in Japanese encephalitis virus using machine learning and steered molecular dynamics approach.

One of the viral diseases that affect millions of people around the world, particularly in developing countries, is (JE). In this study, the conserved protein of this virus, that is, non-structural protein 5 (NS5), was used as a target protein for this study, and a compound library of 749 antiviral molecules was screened against NS5. The current study employed machine learning-based virtual screening combined with molecular docking.

Development of Calvarial Bone Osteomyelitis in a Noonan Syndrome Patient Following Fronto-Orbital Advancement of Craniosynostosis: A Novel Technique of Treatment Using Povidone and Hydrogen Peroxide Solutions.

This is a case of a pediatric patient with Noonan syndrome (NS) and craniosynostosis who developed calvarial bone osteomyelitis following corrective surgery. Despite complications, such as postoperative bleeding and infections, including osteomyelitis, multidisciplinary management strategies were employed, including antibiotics, debridement, and novel use of hydrogen peroxide and povidone solutions due to bone thinning. The discussion highlights challenges in managing syndromic craniosynostosis, emphasizing the importance of tailored approaches and prophylactic antibiotics.

Phase II Trial of FOLFIRINOX in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer.

Introduction: Biliary tract cancers (BTCs), characterized by poor prognosis and limited treatment options, are increasingly prevalent malignancies with a five-year survival rate of less than 20% for advanced-stage disease. The standard first-line chemotherapy combining gemcitabine and cisplatin offers modest survival benefits, necessitating the exploration of more effective therapies. This study reports the results of a single-arm, open-label, phase 2 trial assessing the efficacy and safety of fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRINOX) as a first-line treatment for metastatic or locally advanced unresectable BTC.

Exploring the promising potential of noscapine for cancer and neurodegenerative disease therapy through inhibition of integrin-linked kinase-1.

Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a β1-integrin cytoplasmic domain interacting protein, supports multi-protein complex formation. ILK-1 is involved in neurodegenerative diseases by promoting neuro-inflammation. On the other hand, its overexpression induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a major hallmark of cancer and activates various factors associated with a tumorigenic phenotype.

COVID-19-induced hair shedding and related risk factors: A Saudi perspective.

Introduction: Many cases of telogen effluvium (TE), acute hair shedding, following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were reported during the pandemic.

Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the relationship between COVID-19 and TE in Saudi Arabia. Self-administered online questionnaires were distributed online between March and September 2022 in Saudi Arabia.

Assessment of the Level of Knowledge and Awareness of the Risk of Chronic Use of Steroids in Causing Cataracts Among the General Population in the Western Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA): A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background/aim: Cataracts consequence blindness to burden and impose health and economic burdens on communities. Steroid-induced cataracts have scarcely been highlighted in previous literature, creating a demand for reinvestigating this issue among the general population of western Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 using an online survey distributed among the target participants via social media platforms.