Evolving Paradigms in Spinal Surgery: A Systematic Review of the Learning Curves in Minimally Invasive Spine Techniques.

Our research examines the learning curves of various minimally invasive lumbar surgeries to determine the benefits and challenges they pose to both surgeons and patients. The advent of microsurgical techniques since the 1960s, including advances in fluoroscopic navigation and intraoperative computed tomography, has significantly shifted spinal surgery from open to minimally invasive methods. This study critically evaluates surgical duration, intraoperative conversions to open surgery, and complications as primary parameters to gauge these learning curves.

The role of PPAR in fungal keratitis.

The treatment of fungal keratitis(FK) remains challenging due to delayed fungal detection and the limited effectiveness of antifungal drugs. Fungal infection can activate both innate and adaptive immune responses in the cornea. Fungi stimulate the production of oxidative stress-related biomarkers and mediate the infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells.

Comparison of mediastinoscopy and thoracoscope minimally invasive esophagectomy in the treatment of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis and system review.

Objective: The efficacy and safety of transcervical inflatable mediastinoscopic esophagectomy (TIME) in the treatment of esophageal cancer are unclear. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TIME treatment for esophageal cancer and to compare it with thoracoscopic assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (TAMIE) for the treatment of esophageal cancer.

Methods: A literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to retrieve articles published up to January 2024 to comparatively assess studies of TIME and TAMIE.

[Advances in thyroid pathology in China over the past ten years: retrospect and prospect].

With the development of thyroid pathology in the past decade, thyroid pathological diagnosis has entered the era of molecular pathology. As the most influential academic journal in the field of pathology in China, Chinese Journal of Pathology has published nearly one hundred articles related to thyroid diseases in the past decade. These results have made a great difference to the scientific research and clinicopathological diagnosis of thyroid diseases in China, and have also provided Chinese data for the pathological communication of thyroid diseases internationally.

CENPE is a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for cervical cancer.

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CESC) is a common cancer in women. Despite advancements in early diagnosis through high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) screening, challenges remain in predicting and treating the disease. Hence, the identification of novel biomarkers for prognosis and therapeutic targets is crucial.

ATRX loss inhibits DDR to strengthen radio-sensitization in p53-deficent HCT116 cells.

Identifying novel targets for molecular radiosensitization is critical for improving the efficacy of colorectal cancer (CRC) radiotherapy. Alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX), a member of the SWI/SNF-like chromatin remodeling protein family, functions in the maintenance of genomic integrity and the regulation of apoptosis and senescence. However, whether ATRX is directly involved in the radiosensitivity of CRC remains unclear.

Increased acute-phase reaction after the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOEVA) compared with minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT) for unilateral thyroidectomy.

Purposes: We analyzed the acute-phase response in unilateral thyroidectomy by comparing the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOEVA) with the minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT).

Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to undergo either TOEVA or MIVAT, after we obtained their written informed consent to participate in this study. Blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) were measured before surgery and then 4, 24, and 48 h after surgery.

Water-Soluble Ginseng Oligosaccharides Prevent Scopolamine-Induced Cholinergic Dysfunction and Inflammatory Cytokine Overexpression.

Cholinergic deficiency and neuroinflammation are the two main factors of Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies have shown that water-soluble ginseng oligosaccharides (WGOS) derived from Panax ginseng roots can protect against scopolamine-induced impairments in learning and memory. However, the fundamental mechanisms remain unclear for the most part.

Mechanisms underlying the involvement of peritoneal macrophages in the pathogenesis and novel therapeutic strategies for dialysis-induced peritoneal fibrosis.

Long-term exposure of the peritoneum to peritoneal dialysate results in pathophysiological changes in the anatomical organization of the peritoneum and progressive development of peritoneal fibrosis. This leads to a decline in peritoneal function and ultrafiltration failure, ultimately necessitating the discontinuation of peritoneal dialysis, severely limiting the potential for long-term maintenance. Additionally, encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis, a serious consequence of peritoneal fibrosis, resulting in patients discontinuing PD and significant mortality.

Targeting the tumor microenvironment with mesenchymal stem cells based delivery approach for efficient delivery of anticancer agents: An updated review.

Drug delivery to cancer cells continues to present a major therapeutic challenge. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess an intrinsic ability to migrate specifically to tumor tissues, making them promising candidates for targeted drug delivery. Evidence from preclinical studies indicates that MSCs loaded with therapeutic anti-cancer agents exhibit considerable anti-tumor activity.

The role of RGC degeneration in the pathogenesis of glaucoma.

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and axonal degeneration, resulting in irreversible vision impairment. While intraocular pressure (IOP) is presently acknowledged as the sole modifiable risk factor, the sensitivity of RGCs to IOP varies among individuals. Consequently, progressive vision loss may ensue even when IOP is effectively managed.

Assessing the causal relationships between circulating metabolic biomarkers and breast cancer by using mendelian randomization.

Objective: Previous studies have established a causal relationship between metabolites and breast cancer (BC), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the genetic relationship between metabolites and BC, including its subtypes, using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: Utilizing the latest and most comprehensive summary statistics from genome-wide association studies we conducted an Mendelian randomization study.

High correlated color temperature white light-emitting diodes disrupt refractive development in guinea pigs.

Ubiquitous white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) possess optical properties that differ from those of natural light. This difference can impact visual perception and biological functions, thus potentially affecting eye health. Myopia, which leads to visual impairments and potentially irreversible vision loss or blindness, is the most prevalent refractive error worldwide.

Anticorrosion coating with near-infrared light triggered precisely controllable self-healing performances.

Great attentions have been paid to anticorrosion coatings with self-healing performances to enhance its reliability and protection period, but massive challenges still remain for developing a coating with selectively triggered and accurately controllable self-healing behaviors. Herein, by integrating lamellar graphene oxide (GO) into a polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber loaded with 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ) corrosion inhibitors, a composite coating with precisely controllable self-healing capabilities is developed. The coating defects can be remotely and accurately repaired under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation within a very short time.

True-bone-ceramics / type I collagen scaffolds for repairing osteochondral defect.

In recent years, the incidence of cartilage defects has increased dramatically, and its etiology is complex and varied. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), as one of the main etiologies, damages both cartilage and bone tissues and can progress to severe osteoarthritis, which has been one of the difficult problems for clinicians. The vigorous development of material science and tissue engineering provides new ideas for the treatment of OCD, in which the selection of scaffold materials is particularly important.

Recent advances and current challenges in suture and sutureless scleral fixation techniques for intraocular lens: a comprehensive review.

Over the past two decades, both suture and sutureless techniques for scleral fixation of intraocular lenses have seen significant advancement, driven by improvements in methodologies and instrumentation. Despite numerous reports demonstrating the effectiveness, safety, and superiority of these techniques, each approach carries with it its own drawbacks, including an elevated risk of certain postoperative complications. This article delves into various surgical techniques for scleral fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses, discussing their procedural nuances, benefits, drawbacks, postoperative complications, and outcomes.

Bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm presenting with hemoptysis and hemothorax after pulmonary lobectomy: a case report and literature review.

Background: Bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare vascular disorder, and cases of bronchial pseudoaneurysms reported after lung surgery are even rarer. The number of reported cases is very limited due to the unclear pathogenesis, lack of diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines, and nonspecific clinical manifestations.

Case Presentation: The paper reports a case of a patient with primary lung adenocarcinoma who developed hemoptysis, chest and back pain, and right hemothorax after lobectomy.

Landscape of transarterial chemoembolization represented interventional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

This article discusses the article written by Tan . Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one of the main treatment methods for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There are other vascular interventional therapies, including drug-eluting bead TACE, transarterial radioembolization, and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy.

Drug Interaction of SGLT2Is and ARNI on Acute Kidney Injury: A Real-world Pharmacovigilance Analysis Through the FAERS.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) and angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) may cause potential renal damage, the combined impact of SGLT2Is and ARNI on acute kidney injury (AKI) remains unclear. This pharmacovigilance study conducted a disproportionality analysis using reports from the FAERS database. The reporting odds ratio (ROR) was used as an estimate for detecting AKI signal.

Concurrent Amplification of Ferroptosis and Immune System Activation Via Nanomedicine-Mediated Radiosensitization for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy.

Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the core therapies for current cancer management. However, the emergence of radioresistance has become a major cause of radiotherapy failure and disease progression. Therefore, overcoming radioresistance to achieve highly effective treatment for refractory tumors is significant yet challenging.

"All-in-one" nano-system for smart delivery and imaging-guided combination therapy of triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with highly malignant and aggressive, still faces challenges in treatment due to the single treatment and side effects. It is urgent to develop an advanced theranostic platform against TNBC. Herein, an "all-in-one" nano-system Au/Cu nanodots/doxorubicin@nanospheres (Au/CuNDs/DOX@NS) with dual-responsive properties was designed for dual-mode imaging-guided combination treatment of TNBC.

Photobiomodulation inhibits retinal degeneration in diabetic mice through modulation of stem cell mobilization and gene expression.

The number of people suffering from type 2 diabetes (DM2) is increasing and over 30 percent of DM2 patients will develop diabetic retinopathy (DR). Available therapeutic approaches for DR have their limitations. It is of great significance to search for other effective alternate therapeutic approaches.

Uncovering the molecular networks of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and its complications: a multi-omics investigation.

Background: Diabetes is a multi-factorial disorder and related complications constitute one of the principal causes of global mortality and disability. The role of ferroptosis in diabetes and its complications is intricate and significant. This study endeavors to disclose the role of ferroptosis in the aforementioned diseases from multiple perspectives through multi-omics.

Ghrelin Inhibits Inflammasomes Activation in Astrocytes, Alleviates Pyroptosis, and Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-induced Depression-like Behavior in Mice.

Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide and places a significant burden on society. Neuroinflammation is closely associated with the pathophysiology of depression. Increasing evidence suggests that astrocytes, as the most abundant glial cells in the brain, are involved in the occurrence and development of depression due to morphological abnormalities and dysfunction.