Achieving depth-independent lateral resolution in AR-PAM using the synthetic-aperture focusing technique.

Acoustic-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (AR-PAM) is a promising imaging modality that renders images with ultrasound resolution and extends the imaging depth beyond the optical ballistic regime. To achieve a high lateral resolution, a large numerical aperture (NA) of a focused transducer is usually applied for AR-PAM. However, AR-PAM fails to hold its performance in the out-of-focus region.

Echocardiographic study of myocardial work in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: A noninvasive left ventricular (LV) pressure-strain loop (PSL) provides a new method to quantify myocardial work (MW) by combining global longitudinal strain (GLS) and LV pressure, which exerts potential advantages over traditional GLS. We studied the LV PSL and MW in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 201 subjects (54 healthy controls and 147 T2DM patients) who underwent complete two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE), including 2D speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE), as well as brachial artery pulse pressure measurement.

CT2US: Cross-modal transfer learning for kidney segmentation in ultrasound images with synthesized data.

Accurate segmentation of kidney in ultrasound images is a vital procedure in clinical diagnosis and interventional operation. In recent years, deep learning technology has demonstrated promising prospects in medical image analysis. However, due to the inherent problems of ultrasound images, data with annotations are scarce and arduous to acquire, hampering the application of data-hungry deep learning methods.

What Happens to the Preserved Renal Parenchyma After Clamped Partial Nephrectomy?

Background: Most partial nephrectomies (PNs) are performed with hilar occlusion to reduce blood loss and optimize visualization. However, the histologic status of the preserved renal parenchyma years after PN is unknown.

Objective: To compare the histologic chronic kidney disease (CKD) score of renal parenchyma before and years after PN, and to explore factors associated with CKD-score increase and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline.

Reattachment After Foldable Capsular Vitreous Body Implantation in Severe Retinal Detachment Eyes.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB) implantation for severe retinal detachment.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 26 patients with severe ocular trauma and one with recurrent retinal detachment. Clinical data-including surgery success, complications, retinal reattachment, vision, and intraocular pressure (IOP)-were analyzed for patients who underwent 23G pars plana vitrectomy and FCVB implantation combined with silicone oil tamponade.

BGM-Net: Boundary-Guided Multiscale Network for Breast Lesion Segmentation in Ultrasound.

Automatic and accurate segmentation of breast lesion regions from ultrasonography is an essential step for ultrasound-guided diagnosis and treatment. However, developing a desirable segmentation method is very difficult due to strong imaging artifacts e.g.

High Inflammatory Tendency Induced by Malignant Stimulation Through Imbalance of CD28 and CTLA-4/PD-1 Contributes to Dopamine Neuron Injury.

Background: Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. The incidence of various cancers in Parkinson's disease patients is significantly lower than in healthy people. Parkinson's disease patients are individuals with a high tendency for inflammation, whose peripheral immune system is represented in an activated state.

Elastography for the differential diagnosis of malignant versus benign testicular lesions: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of elastography in the differential diagnosis of benign versus malignant testicular lesions.

Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched for relevant studies. The diagnostic accuracy of elastography was evaluated using pooled sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio, post-test probability, diagnostic odds ratio, and by summarizing the area under the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) curve.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Arterial Spin-Labeling MR Imaging in Detecting the Epileptogenic Zone: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: A noninvasive, safe, and economic imaging technique is required to identify epileptogenic lesions in the brain.

Purpose: Our aim was to perform a meta-analysis evaluating the accuracy of arterial spin-labeling in localizing the epileptic focus in the brain and the changes in the blood perfusion in these regions.

Data Sources: Our sources were the PubMed and EMBASE data bases.

Global guidance network for breast lesion segmentation in ultrasound images.

Automatic breast lesion segmentation in ultrasound helps to diagnose breast cancer, which is one of the dreadful diseases that affect women globally. Segmenting breast regions accurately from ultrasound image is a challenging task due to the inherent speckle artifacts, blurry breast lesion boundaries, and inhomogeneous intensity distributions inside the breast lesion regions. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated remarkable results in medical image segmentation tasks.

Berberine Improves Chemo-Sensitivity to Cisplatin by Enhancing Cell Apoptosis and Repressing PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. Cisplatin (DDP) is commonly used for gastric cancer treatment, whereas recurrence and metastasis are common because of intrinsic and acquired DDP-resistance. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of berberine on the DDP-resistance in gastric cancer and explore the underling mechanisms.

Development and validation of a 25-Gene Panel urine test for prostate cancer diagnosis and potential treatment follow-up.

Background: Heterogeneity of prostate cancer (PCa) contributes to inaccurate cancer screening and diagnosis, unnecessary biopsies, and overtreatment. We intended to develop non-invasive urine tests for accurate PCa diagnosis to avoid unnecessary biopsies.

Methods: Using a machine learning program, we identified a 25-Gene Panel classifier for distinguishing PCa and benign prostate.

Accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound for diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis in the uterosacral ligaments: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To review the diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) in the preoperative detection of uterosacral ligaments (USL) in patients with clinical suspicion of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE).

Methods: Extensive searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane libraries to search studies published between January 1989 and September 2, 2019. The inclusion criteria were the preoperative assessment of USL endometriosis by TVS in patients with clinically suspected DIE, using laparoscopy and histological results as the reference standard.

The role of grey-scale ultrasound in the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we discuss the value of grey-scale ultrasonography (US) in diagnosing adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (ACS).

Material And Methods: We retrieved relevant studies from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase before 8 April 2019. We selected 7 studies concerning 446 patients (490 shoulders) that used grey-scale US to diagnose ACS and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or arthroscopy as the reference standard.

Radiotherapy plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in penile cancer patients with extracapsular nodal extension after inguinal lymph node surgery: a multi-institutional study.

Purpose: Because there is a lack of evidence, it is not generally recommended to use adjuvant radiotherapy plus chemotherapy to treat lymph node disease in penile cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the benefit of using adjuvant radiotherapy after inguinal surgery for penile cancer.

Methods: Multi-institutional data were obtained from a total of nine centers from April 2003 to April 2015 and retrospectively analyzed.

Diagnostic performance of ultrasound for rotator cuff tears: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: Rotator cuff (RC) tears are considered to be the main reason for shoulder pain. Although ultrasound is a useful method to detect it, its effectiveness when diagnosing RC tears has been a heated discussion. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating RC tears' ultrasound accuracy by conducting a systemically review and pooled comprehensive analysis.

Knockdown of Thymidine Kinase 1 Suppresses Cell Proliferation, Invasion, Migration, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Thyroid Carcinoma Cells.

Patients with advanced thyroid carcinoma have poor prognosis with low overall survival. Unfortunately, the underlying mechanisms of thyroid carcinoma progression remain unclear. The elevated expression of thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) has been implicated in the progression of thyroid carcinoma, while the role of TK1 in thyroid carcinoma progression has not been explored.

Expression of ATP7A in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its clinical significance.

Objective: This study investigated the expression of P-type copper transporting adenosine triphosphatase ATP7A in the tumor tissues of patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and analyzed its correlation to clinicopathologic features and prognosis of advanced ESCC patients.

Methods: The expression of ATP7A protein in 49 specimens of advanced ESCC patients who were treated with first line cisplatin-based chemotherapy without surgery or radiotherapy, was detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation of ATP7A expression with clinicopathologic features and prognosis of advanced ESCC patients weas analyzed by SPSS 16.

Clinical significance of cell-free DNA concentration and integrity in serum of gastric cancer patients before and after surgery.

Early onset of gastric cancer (GC) is almost asymptomatic, thereby making early diagnosis and early treatment difficult. Blood samples were taken from 90 GC patients who had not undergone surgery, and from another set of 110 GC patients who had undergone surgery. The control consisted of 90 healthy individuals.

The lncRNA DLX6-AS1 promoted cell proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer via modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Background: Bladder cancer is the most common human urological malignancies with poor prognosis, and the pathophysiology of bladder cancer involves multi-linkages of regulatory networks in the bladder cancer cells. Recently, the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been extensively studied for their role on bladder cancer progression. In this study, we evaluated the expression of DLX6 Antisense RNA 1 (DLX6-AS1) in the cancerous bladder tissues and studied the possible mechanisms of DLX6-AS1 in regulating bladder cancer progression.

Prognostic significance of common preoperative laboratory variables in penile squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of common preoperative laboratory variables in patients undergoing bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection surgery for penile squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 228 patients who had bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection for penile squamous cell carcinoma to assess the following clinical factors: preoperative laboratory measurements, white blood cell count, platelet count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, serum calcium, total protein, globulin, pathological factors and survival rates after surgery.

Results: The percentage of positive lymph nodes was 52.

[Primary intraosseous hematopoietic pseudotumor: clinicopathological analysis and 9-year follow-up of 3 cases].

We analyzed the clinicopathological data of 3 cases of primary intraosseous hematopoietic pseudotumor (IHPT), which had been previously misdiagnosed as malignancies or metastases both clinically and pathologically. Two of the patients received close follow-up for 132 and 100 months, and one patient was lost to follow-up, and the tumors were confirmed to be benign in all the 3 cases. IHPT is a rare benign intraosseous solid lesion consisting of tissues resembling normal hematopoietic tissue, and can be easily misdiagnosed as malignancy.

Clinical Value of the Elastographic Q-Analysis Score in Assisting Real-Time Elastography-Guided Prostate Biopsy: A Retrospective Study of 125 Patients.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of the elastographic Q-analysis score (EQS) in assisting real-time elastography- and transrectal US-guided prostate biopsy.

Methods: A total of 125 patients with 301 lesions were enrolled in this study; all were confirmed by pathologic results. The patients underwent transrectal US and elastographic examinations before biopsy.

[Culture and identification of tumor stem cells from surgically resected colorectal cancer tissues].

Objective: To obtain cancer stem cells (CSCs) from surgically resected colorectal cancer specimens and identify their stem cell characteristics.

Methods: Colorectal cancer tissue specimen obtained from a patient undergoing radical resection of colorectal cancer were implanted in nude mice, and the xenograft was harvested 1 month later to obtain purified tumor cells by enzyme digestion and adherent culture. The CSCs were screened by limiting dilution method and serum-free culture to identify their phenotypes.