Screening for Structural Heart Defects: A Single-Center Retrospective Cost Analysis for Fetal Echocardiography in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease.

Fetal echocardiography (FE) is recommended for parents with congenital heart disease (pCHD) due to a 3-6% recurrence risk of congenital heart disease (CHD). This study aimed to evaluate the cost of FE for detecting neonatal CHD in pCHD. FE data were collected between 12/2015 and 12/2022.

Ranolazine effectively improves clinical symptoms in patients with slow flow coronary arteries: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

The coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSF) causes persistent chest pains that can affect patients' quality of life. We aimed to examine the ranolazine impacts on clinical symptoms in CSF patients. The present randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial consisted of 44 patients with CSF.

Complete Blood Cell Count-Based Ratios Identify Total Joint Arthroplasty Patients Likely to Benefit from Perioperative Dexamethasone.

Background: Complete blood cell count-based ratios (CBRs), including the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), are inflammatory markers associated with postoperative morbidity. Given the link between the surgical stress response and complications after total joint arthroplasty (TJA), this study aimed to evaluate whether higher preoperative CBR values predict greater postoperative benefits associated with dexamethasone utilization.

Methods: The Premier Healthcare Database was queried for adult patients who underwent primary, elective total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA or TKA).

General Kernel Machine Methods for Multi-Omics Integration and Genome-Wide Association Testing With Related Individuals.

Integrating multi-omics data may help researchers understand the genetic underpinnings of complex traits and diseases. However, the best ways to integrate multi-omics data and use them to address pressing scientific questions remain a challenge. One important and topical problem is how to assess the aggregate effect of multiple genomic data types (e.

Assessing Clinical Improvement of Infants Hospitalized for Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Critical Illness.

Background: Pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-related acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) commonly requires hospitalization. The Clinical Progression Scale Pediatrics (CPS-Ped) measures level of respiratory support and degree of hypoxia across a range of disease severity, but it has not been applied in infants hospitalized with severe RSV-LRTI.

Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective surveillance registry of infants hospitalized for RSV-related complications across 39 U.

Challenges in determining the global burden of non-malignant central nervous system tumors: an analysis of international incidence and mortality data sources.

Background: Non-malignant tumors of the CNS contribute substantially to the morbidity and mortality from CNS tumors. It is critical to understand the epidemiology of non-malignant CNS tumors separately from CNS malignancies to inform resource allocation and policy since treatment and prognosis can differ. High quality international data on non-malignant CNS tumor burden are needed to accomplish this goal.

Collision integrals within the Chapman-Enskog theory for a generalized Lennard-Jones potential.

We report the values of the collision integrals, needed for the calculation of the macroscopic transport properties such as viscosity (η) and diffusion coefficient (D) of gases within the Chapman-Enskog kinetic gas theory, for a generalized Lennard-Jones potential (gLJ), a more general potential with an adjustable long range 1/r dependence that can describe a wide range of intermolecular interactions.

Health Care Resource Utilization With Dronedarone Versus Sotalol Following Catheter Ablation in Adults With Atrial Fibrillation.

Background: Clinical trials support dronedarone use for atrial fibrillation (AF) following catheter ablation (CA); however, comparative data on health care resource utilization (HCRU) with other antiarrhythmic drugs are lacking.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of Merative MarketScan databases (January 01, 2012-March 31, 2020) comparatively assessed HCRU in US adults with AF who received dronedarone or sotalol post-CA. Patients with ≥ 12-months' pre-CA data were followed from post-CA index treatment to disenrollment, death, or study end.

The impact of highly effective modulator therapy on sinusitis and dysosmia in young children with cystic fibrosis: a prospective study protocol.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and olfactory dysfunction (OD) are prevalent disease complications in people with cystic fibrosis. These understudied comorbidities significantly impact quality of life. The impact of highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) in young children with cystic fibrosis (YCwCF) on these disease complications is unknown.

Study Design and Baseline Characteristics of ALIGN, a Randomized Controlled Study of Atrasentan in Patients With IgA Nephropathy.

Introduction: Endothelin A (ETA) receptor activation is a driver of proteinuria, kidney inflammation, and fibrosis in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Atrasentan, a selective ETA receptor antagonist, has potential to reduce proteinuria and preserve kidney function in IgAN. ALIGN (NCT04573478) is a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of atrasentan in patients with IgAN at high risk of kidney function loss.

Rapid, in Situ Neutralization of Nitrogen- and Silicon-Vacancy Centers in Diamond Using Above-Band Gap Optical Excitation.

The charge state of a quantum point defect in a solid-state host strongly determines its optical and spin characteristics. Consequently, techniques for controlling the charge state are required to realize technologies for quantum networking and sensing. In this work, we demonstrate the use of deep-ultraviolet (DUV) radiation to dynamically neutralize nitrogen- (NV) and silicon-vacancy (SiV) centers.

Social jetlag decreases across the lifespan: A prospective big data analysis of objective sleep metrics.

Changes in social zeitgebers across the lifespan affect the interaction between biological and social clocks, potentially contributing to social jetlag. Extant literature suggests a reduction in social jetlag given declining social obligations occurring after retirement, but is limited to self-reported methods and cross-sectional designs. Leveraging longitudinal and ecologically valid data from consumer sleep technology, we analysed objective sleep data from 2439 users of the polysomnography-validated SleepScore mobile application, encompassing 500,415 total nights recorded.

Redefining Ketamine Pharmacology for Antidepressant Action: Synergistic NMDA and Opioid Receptor Interactions?

Ketamine is a racemic compound and medication comprised of ()-ketamine and ()-ketamine enantiomers and its metabolites. It has been used for decades as a dissociative anesthetic, analgesic, and recreational drug. More recently, ketamine, its enantiomers, and its metabolites have been used or are being investigated for the treatment of refractory depression, as well as for comorbid disorders such as anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, and opioid use disorders.

"New Normal:" Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Syringe Service Programs Following the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Syringe services programs (SSPs) provide critical evidence-based public health services that decrease harms from drug use for people who use drugs (PWUD). Many SSPs have experienced significant and evolving COVID-19-related disruptions. We aimed to characterize the impacts of COVID-19 on SSP operations in the United States approximately two years into the pandemic.

Alternative 3' UTR polyadenylation is disrupted in the rNLS8 mouse model of ALS/FTLD.

Recent research has highlighted widespread dysregulation of alternative polyadenylation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology (FTLD-TDP). Here, we identify significant disruptions to 3` UTR polyadenylation in the ALS/FTLD-TDP mouse model rNLS8 that correlate with changes in gene expression and protein levels through the re-analysis of published RNA sequencing and proteomic data. A subset of these changes are shared with TDP-43 knock-down mice suggesting depletion of endogenous mouse TDP-43 is a contributor to polyadenylation dysfunction in rNLS8 mice.

Governance and resilience as entry points for transforming food systems in the countdown to 2030.

Due to complex interactions, changes in any one area of food systems are likely to impact-and possibly depend on-changes in other areas. Here we present the first annual monitoring update of the indicator framework proposed by the Food Systems Countdown Initiative, with new qualitative analysis elucidating interactions across indicators. Since 2000, we find that 20 of 42 indicators with time series have been trending in a desirable direction, indicating modest positive change.

Telehealth Modality Usage by US Physicians in 2022.

Background: The growth of telehealth care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted its potential to enhance access to care and improve patient outcomes. As the healthcare landscape moves toward a new equilibrium in care delivery, few studies have examined physician usage of specific telehealth modalities.

Objective: To understand telehealth usage differences among modalities and across subgroups of physicians.

Randomized clinical trial of a digital integrative medicine intervention among patients undergoing active cancer treatment.

Exercise and mindfulness-based interventions have growing evidence for managing fatigue and comorbid symptoms; however, packaging them in a cohesive digital way for patients undergoing cancer treatment has not been evaluated. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of a 12 week digital integrative medicine program, Integrative Medicine at Home (IM@Home), versus enhanced usual care on fatigue severity (primary outcome), comorbid symptoms and acute healthcare utilization (secondary outcomes), in 200 patients with solid tumors experiencing fatigue during treatment. Fatigue severity decreased more in IM@Home than in the control (1.

Stable centromere association of the yeast histone variant Cse4 requires its essential N-terminal domain.

Chromosome segregation relies on kinetochores that assemble on specialized centromeric chromatin containing a histone H3 variant. In budding yeast, a single centromeric nucleosome containing Cse4 assembles at a sequence-defined 125 bp centromere. Yeast centromeric sequences are poor templates for nucleosome formation in vitro, suggesting the existence of mechanisms that specifically stabilize Cse4 nucleosomes in vivo.

Clade 2.3.4.4b but not historical clade 1 HA replicating RNA vaccine protects against bovine H5N1 challenge in mice.

The ongoing circulation of influenza A H5N1 in the United States has raised concerns of a pandemic caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza. Although the United States has stockpiled and is prepared to produce millions of vaccine doses to address an H5N1 pandemic, currently circulating H5N1 viruses contain multiple mutations within the immunodominant head domain of hemagglutinin (HA) compared to the antigens used in stockpiled vaccines. It is unclear if these stockpiled vaccines will need to be updated to match the contemporary H5N1 strains.

Effect of free gingival graft dimension on postsurgical shrinkage in posterior implant placement: A prospective parallel cohort study.

Statement Of Problem: The impact of free gingival graft (FGG) dimensions on the postsurgical shrinkage of keratinized tissue width (KTW) and surface area in posterior implant sites is unclear. Standardized assessments of how graft dimensions influence KTW and surface area shrinkage rates over a 6-month period after FGG are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this prospective parallel cohort study was to examine the impact of the graft dimensions on the postsurgical shrinkage of KTW and surface area over a 6-month follow-up period after FGG in the posterior regions.

Resistome and plasmidome genomic features of mcr-1.1-harboring E. coli: a One Health approach.

Aims: This study evaluated the phenotypic and genotypic traits of mcr-1.1-harboring Escherichia coli isolates from chickens, pigs, humans, and farm environments. The resistome and the mobile genetic elements associated with the spread of mcr-1.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in lupus nephritis and beyond.

Objectives: To study neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels in peripheral blood in SLE, and to propose a mechanism by which neutrophils secrete NGAL on stimulation with immune complexes (IC).

Methods: NGAL was measured by ELISA in two independent Swedish SLE cohorts acting as exploratory and validation cohort (n=124 and n=308, respectively), disease controls (n=38) and healthy controls (n=77). NGAL levels were measured in supernatant from IC-stimulated neutrophils in the presence or absence of a toll-like receptor 8 inhibitor (TLR8i).