Comparative Analysis of Cd Uptake and Tolerance in Two Mangrove Species ( and ) with Distinct Apoplast Barriers.

Mangrove plants demonstrate an impressive ability to tolerate environmental pollutants, but excessive levels of cadmium (Cd) can impede their growth. Few studies have focused on the effects of apoplast barriers on heavy metal tolerance in mangrove plants. To investigate the uptake and tolerance of Cd in mangrove plants, two distinct mangrove species, and , are characterized by unique apoplast barriers.

Genomic Island-Encoded Diguanylate Cyclase from Regulates Biofilm Formation and Motility in .

Many bacteria use the second messenger c-di-GMP to regulate exopolysaccharide production, biofilm formation, motility, virulence, and other phenotypes. The c-di-GMP level is controlled by the complex network of diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) and phosphodiesterases (PDEs) that synthesize and degrade c-di-GMP. In addition to chromosomally encoded DGCs, increasing numbers of DGCs were found to be located on mobile genetic elements.

Lecanicilliums A-F, Thiodiketopiperazine-Class Alkaloids from a Mangrove Sediment-Derived Fungus .

Six new thiodiketopiperazine-class alkaloids lecanicilliums A-F were isolated from the mangrove sediment-derived fungus SCSIO41702, together with thirteen known analogues. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations were determined by quantum chemical calculations.

Secondary Metabolites from the Coral-Derived Fungus SCSIO41227 with Pancreatic Lipase and Neuraminidase Inhibitory Activities.

The coral-derived fungus SCSIO41227 from Beibu Gulf yielded four previously uncharacterized compounds, namely asperpentenones B-E (-), along with twelve known compounds (-). Their structures were elucidated using HRESIMS and NMR (H and C NMR, HSQC, HMBC), among which the stereo-structure of compounds - was determined by calculated ECD. Furthermore, compounds - were evaluated in terms of their enzyme (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), pancreatic lipase (PL), and neuraminidase (NA)) inhibitory activities.

A coral-associated actinobacterium mitigates coral bleaching under heat stress.

Background: The positive effects of exposing corals to microorganisms have been reported though how the benefits are conferred are poorly understood. Here, we isolated an actinobacterial strain (SCSIO 13291) from Pocillopora damicornis with capabilities to synthesize antioxidants, vitamins, and antibacterial and antiviral compounds supported with phenotypic and/or genomic evidence. Strain SCSIO 13291 was labeled with 5 (and - 6)-carboxytetramethylrhodamine, succinimidyl ester and the labeled cell suspension directly inoculated onto the coral polyp tissues when nubbins were under thermal stress in a mesocosm experiment.

Light-dark fluctuated metabolic features of diazotrophic and non-diazotrophic cyanobacteria and their coexisting bacteria.

Cyanobacteria, the most abundant photosynthetic organisms in oceans, are tightly associated with diverse microbiota. However, the relationships between heterotrophic bacteria and cyanobacteria, particularly the diazotrophic group, are not fully understood. Here, we compared diel gene expressions of N fixing cyanobacteria Crocosphaera watsonii WH0003 and non-diazotrophic Synechococcus sp.

Pyripyropene U, a new alkaloid from the sponge-derived fungus sp. SCSIO41420.

One new alkaloid, named pyripyropene U (), and six known natural products (-) were obtained from the marine sponge-derived fungus sp. SCSIO41420. Their structures were determined by detailed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopic (MS) analyses, while the absolute configurations of the new compound were unambiguously confirmed by theoretical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation.

Temporal and spatial variations of air-sea CO fluxes and their key influence factors in seagrass meadows of Hainan Island, South China Sea.

Seagrass ecosystems have received a great deal of attention for contributing to uptake of atmospheric CO, and thereby helping to mitigate global climate change ('blue carbon'). Carbon budgets for seagrass ecosystems are developed by estimating air-sea CO fluxes. Data for air-sea CO flux for tropical seagrass ecosystems are lacking, which is problematic for constraining global seagrass carbon budgets.

Mosaic environment-driven evolution of the deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons bacterial endosymbiont.

Background: The within-species diversity of symbiotic bacteria represents an important genetic resource for their environmental adaptation, especially for horizontally transmitted endosymbionts. Although strain-level intraspecies variation has recently been detected in many deep-sea endosymbionts, their ecological role in environmental adaptation, their genome evolution pattern under heterogeneous geochemical environments, and the underlying molecular forces remain unclear.

Results: Here, we conducted a fine-scale metagenomic analysis of the deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons bacterial endosymbiont collected from distinct habitats: hydrothermal vent and methane seep.

Radial Oxygen Loss from the Roots of Mangrove Seedlings Enhances the Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.

The presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil poses a significant global environmental concern, particularly in coastal wetlands. Mangrove ecosystems exhibit enormous potential in environmental purification; however, the underlying mechanisms involved in the degradation of pollutants (e.g.

Arthproliferins A-D, Four New Sesterterpenes from the Mangrove-Sediment-Derived Fungus sp. SCSIO41221.

Four new sesterterpenes, arthproliferins A-D (-), together with four known derivatives, were isolated and characterized from the mangrove-sediment-derived fungus sp. SCSIO41221. Their structures were determined using detailed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopic (MS) analyses.

Discovery of benzamide-based PI3K/HDAC dual inhibitors with marked pro-apoptosis activity in lymphoma cells.

Inhibition of PI3K and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity simultaneously using a single molecule appears to be a promising approach for cancer treatment. Current PI3K/HDAC dual inhibitors commonly use hydroxamate moiety as zinc binding group, which lack HDAC isoform selectivity and have potential genotoxicity. In this study, a novel series of benzamide-based PI3K/HDAC dual inhibitors were rationally designed and synthesized.

Use of passive sampling in environmental DNA metabarcoding technology: Monitoring of fish diversity in the Jiangmen coastal waters.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding technology is proving to be the most up-to-date and promising method for monitoring marine fish diversity. Fish eDNA is usually collected on a filter membrane after the filtration of water. Not only does this require the use of specialized equipment, but the amount of filtered water needed is also difficult to meet.

Two new Aspera chaetominines A and B, and a new derivative of terrein, isolated from marine sponge associated fungus SCSIO XWS04 F52.

Two new alkaloids, Aspera chaetominines A () and B (), a new derivative () of terrein, and together with known compounds () were isolated from marine sponge sp. -derived fungus SCSIO XWS04 F52, which was identified on the basis of morphology and ITS sequence analysis. The planar structures of were determined by spectroscopic (H, C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, and H-H COSY), and MS analysis.

The distinct phases of fresh-seawater mixing intricately regulate the nitrogen transformation processes in a high run-off estuary: Insight from multi-isotopes and microbial function analysis.

Excessive anthropogenic nitrogen inputs lead to the accumulation of nitrogen, and significantly impact the nitrogen transformation processes in estuaries. However, the governing of nitrogen during its transport from terrestrial to estuary under the influence of diverse human activities and hydrodynamic environments, particularly in the fresh-seawater mixing zone, remains insufficient researched and lack of basis. To address this gap, we employed multi-isotopes, including δN-NO, δO-NO, δN-NH, and δN-PN, as well as microbial function analysis, to investigate the nitrogen transformation processes in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), a highly anthropogenic and terrestrial estuary.

Impact of dust deposition on the growth of marine autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms: Evidence from the South China Sea.

Aeolian dust can provide nutrients for the ocean and affect the growth of phytoplankton. However, the impacts of dust deposition on autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms have rarely been studied. In this study, we conducted two microcosm experiments in the low-nutrient and low-chlorophyll environment of the South China Sea and found that dust did not stimulate the abundance of autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms.

sp. nov., isolated from Pearl River Estuary sediment.

Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile and golden yellow pigmented bacteria, designated as SCSIO 75105 and SCSIO 75732, were isolated from sediment in the Pearl River Estuary, Guangdong Province, PR China. Cells were positive for catalase and oxidase. Growth occurred at 10-37 °C (optimum, 28 °C), pH 6.

A Mechanistic Understanding of the Distinct Regio- and Chemoselectivity of Multifunctional P450s by Structural Comparison of IkaD and CftA Complexed with Common Substrates.

Regio- and chemoselective C-H activation at multi-positions of a single molecule is fascinating but chemically challenging. The homologous cytochrome P450 enzymes IkaD and CftA catalyze multiple C-H oxidations on the same polycyclic tetramate macrolactam (PoTeM) ikarugamycin, with distinct regio- and chemoselectivity. Herein we provide mechanistic understanding of their functional differences by solving crystal structures of IkaD and CftA in complex with ikarugamycin and unnatural substrates.

Dual hydration of oceanic lithosphere.

Water input budget of global oceanic lithosphere at different tectonic settings are quantitatively estimated. The results indicate that the hydration at subduction zone is fundamentally essential to plate dynamics and water cycle of the Earth.

New Fusarin Derivatives from the Marine Algicolous Fungus SCSIO41040.

Five new fusarin derivatives, steckfusarins A-E (-), and two known natural products (, ), were isolated and identified from the marine algicolous fungus SCSIO 41040. The new compounds, including absolute configurations, were determined by spectroscopic analyses and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD). All new compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering, acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) enzyme and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (PFKFB3) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitory activities.

gen. nov. sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from sediment in the Pearl River Estuary and reclassification of five and four species.

An aerobic, Gram-negative, non-motile, yellow-to-orange pigmented and round bacterium, designated strain SCSIO 72103, was isolated from sediment collected in the Pearl River Estuary, Guangdong Province, PR China and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Growth occurred at 20-37 °C (optimum, 28 °C), pH 6-8 (optimum, pH 7) and with 1-5.5% NaCl (optimum, 1-3 %).

Emergence of the Central Atlantic Niño.

The Atlantic Niño is characterized by sea surface warming in the equatorial Atlantic, which can trigger La Niña, the cold phase of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Although observations show that the Atlantic Niño has weakened by approximately 30% since the 1970s, its remote influence on ENSO remains strong. Here, we show that this apparent discrepancy is due to the existence of two types of Atlantic Niño with distinct patterns and climatic impacts, which we refer to as the central and eastern Atlantic Niño.

A novel Fas ligand plays an important role in cell apoptosis of : molecular cloning, expression profiles and functional identification of FasL.

Background: Apoptosis regulates normal development, homeostasis, immune tolerance and response to environmental stress by eliminating unwanted or diseased cells, and plays a key role in non-specific immunity of invertebrates. The exogenous pathway mediated by death receptors and death ligands is a very important pathway for cell apoptosis. Death ligands are mainly members of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family, of which FasL is an important member.