The influence of patient gender on exercise prescription in ACL reconstruction rehabilitation.

Objective: To assess differences in physical therapists' exercise prescription and confidence in return-to-sport readiness between girl and boy patients undergoing rehabilitation post-ACLR.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods: 115 physical therapist responses were collected in an electronic survey.

One is not like the other: health quality of life scores vary in neuromuscular EOS by diagnosis.

Purpose: The etiology of early-onset scoliosis (EOS) has been shown to significantly influence baseline parent-reported health-related quality of life (HrQOL). In combining these etiology groups, we obligatorily lump together many disparate diagnoses, particularly true in the neuromuscular (NM) cohort. We sought to evaluate the influence of underlying neuromuscular diagnosis on the HrQOL at 5 years following surgery for EOS.

Suture Anchor Fixation of the Pediatric Posteromedial and Posterolateral Menisco-Tibial Ligament Complex Matches or Exceeds Native Tissue Strength: A Cadaveric Study.

Objectives: To compare the biomechanical strength and stiffness of the native posteromedial and posterolateral meniscotibial ligament complex (MTLC) to suture anchor repair of the MTLC.

Methods: Biomechanical testing was performed on 24 fresh-frozen pediatric human knees. Four conditions were tested: native posteromedial MTLC (n=14), native posterolateral MTLC (n=14), posteromedial MTLC repair (n=5), and posterolateral MTLC repair (n=5).

Endophenotype presentation of athletes with concussion contingent on sex and time since injury.

Introduction: Athletes with concussions experience heterogeneous symptoms and clinical trajectories. Subclassification provides diagnostic clarity that may improve prognostication and individualized treatments.

Methods: We hypothesized that endophenotypes of adolescent athletes with concussions differ based on sex and time since injury.

Is percutaneous heel cord tenotomy a necessary component in the Ponseti treatment of idiopathic clubfoot deformity?

This study aimed to compare outcomes of idiopathic clubfeet (IC) treated with a percutaneous heel cord tenotomy (PHCT) at the conclusion of Ponseti casting with those that were not. A retrospective review of patients enrolled in a single institution prospective clubfoot registry over 19 years was performed. Patients under the age of 3 months with untreated IC managed via the Ponseti method that had a minimum of 2 years follow-up were included.

Perception of Residency Program Diversity Is Associated With Vulnerability to Race and Gender Stereotype Threat Among Minority and Female Orthopaedic Trainees.

Introduction: Stereotype threat (ST) is a psychological phenomenon in which perceived fear of confirming negative stereotypes about one's identity group leads to impaired performance. Gender and racial ST has been described in various academic settings. However, it is prevalence in orthopaedic surgery, where women and minorities are underrepresented, has not been examined.

Which Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions Will Heal Nonoperatively? An Application of Machine Learning to the ROCK Prospective Cohort.

Background: There are limited evidence-based guidelines to predict which osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions will heal with nonoperative treatment.

Purpose: To train a set of classification algorithms to predict nonoperative OCD healing while identifying new clinically meaningful predictors.

Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Race/ethnicity, sex, and age differences in pediatric SCAT-5 concussion symptoms.

Objective: To examine sociodemographic differences in concussion symptom reporting, among young children by race/ethnicity, sex, and age at initial presentation to guide potential interventions for children from different backgrounds.

Method: Participants were elementary-age children (ages 5 to 12 years;  = 392) who sustained a concussion within 30 days of specialty concussion clinic visit. Independent variables were self-defined race/ethnic group, participants' sex, and age.

Tibiopelvic Rotational Arthroplasty for Pediatric Gorham-Stout Disease: A Case Report and Surgical Technique.

Case: This is a case of a 6-year-old patient diagnosed with Gorham-Stout disease (GSD), a rare lymphangiogenic skeletal disorder, localized to the left femur. Initial nonoperative treatment with pharmaceuticals and bracing was unsuccessful. We describe a definitive operative treatment with radical femoral resection and a modified rotationplasty technique through a tibiopelvic rotational hip arthroplasty.

A Simple Clinical Predictive Model for Arthroscopic Mobility of Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions of the Knee.

Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee is a focal idiopathic alteration of subchondral bone and/or its precursor with risk for instability and disruption of adjacent cartilage. Treatment options focused on preventing premature osteoarthritis vary depending on multiple patient and lesion characteristics, including lesion mobility.

Purpose: To differentiate lesion mobility before arthroscopy using a multivariable model that includes patient demographic characteristics and physical examination findings.

Multicentre analysis of severe perioperative adverse events in children undergoing surgery who were infected with SARS-CoV-2: a propensity score-adjusted analysis.

Background: The incidence of severe adverse events in children with SARS-CoV-2 undergoing anaesthesia has not been well established. We examined the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe perioperative adverse events in children.

Methods: This multicentre (21 North American institutions), retrospective cohort study included children <18 years old, with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA PS) of 1-4 and non-severe SARS-CoV-2, who underwent general anaesthesia between April 1, 2020, and March 31, 2021.

Should the C7-T1 Junction Be Feared? The Effect of a T1 Upper Instrumented Vertebra on Development of Proximal Junctional Kyphosis.

Purpose: Proximal junctional kyphosis is an infrequent complication in AIS; however, equipoise remains on the effects of ending a fusion proximally at the C7-T1 junction on the future development of PJK. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of PJK in patients with AIS who had a UIV of T1 vs those with a UIV of T2 at 5 years of follow-up.

Methods: A query was performed of a prospective, multi-center AIS database of patients who received a PSF with at least 5 years of follow-up.

Compensatory thoracic curve correction in lumbar anterior vertebral body tether (VBT) versus lumbar posterior spinal fusion (PSF).

Purpose: Anterior vertebral body tethering (VBT) is a non-fusion surgical option for skeletally immature patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Prior studies demonstrated compensatory correction of the thoracic curve after lumbar posterior spinal fusion (PSF); however, no studies have examined thoracic curve correction after lumbar VBT.

Methods: Patients with Lenke 5 + 6 lumbar scoliosis who underwent VBT and at least 2 years' follow-up were compared to matched lumbar PSF patients.

Temporal Trends in Single- and Multiple-Sports Team Participation Among Adolescents in the United States: Analysis Using the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1999-2019.

Background: It is unclear how levels of sport participation have changed among adolescents in the United States (US) in recent years, particularly considering evidence of increasing sport professionalization and attrition.

Purpose: To evaluate the differences and trends in single- and multiple-team sport participation among US high school students between 1999 and 2019.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

A Biomechanical Analysis of Instrumentation Constructs During Vertebral Column Resection: Stability When You Need It!

Study Design: Biomechanical Testing.

Objective: Investigate the optimal construct for stabilization of the spine during vertebral column resection (VCR).

Summary Of Background Data: VCR is a powerful technique for achieving correction in severe cases of spinal deformity.

Early-Stage Femoral Head Hypoperfusion Correlates with Femoral Head Deformity at Intermediate Follow-up in Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease.

Background: Perfusion MRI (pMRI) can quantify femoral head hypoperfusion in early-stage Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. We investigated whether the severity of hypoperfusion measured at the early stage correlates with femoral head deformity at intermediate-term follow-up.

Methods: Sixty-three patients who were 5 to 11 years of age at the diagnosis of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease and who had pMRI performed at an early stage (Waldenström Stage 1 to 2a) were retrospectively reviewed.

Perioperative Management of Tibial Spine Fractures in Pediatric Patients: A Delphi Study to Identify Principles of Treatment.

Background: The Delphi technique is a structured, iterative group survey method utilized to reach a consensus among experts in a field regarding topics with evidence-based equipoise. Currently, there are few studies at the highest levels of evidence published on the perioperative tibial spine management, making it an ideal subject to utilize expert opinion to reach consensus decision.

Hypothesis/purpose: The purpose of this study was to utilize a Delphi-method survey to achieve consensus statements regarding the perioperative management of tibial spine fractures.

Pointe Readiness in Youth Ballet Dancers: A Pilot Study on Dance Instructor Decision Making.

Transiting to dancing en pointe is an important milestone for young dancers who wish to progress in ballet training. Various criteria exist regarding pointe readiness, including age, range-of-motion, endurance, strength, balance, and technique. However, awareness and use of these criteria by dance instructors is currently unknown.

Improving Identification of At-Risk Behaviors in Adolescents With Rheumatic Disease.

Objective: Many adolescent patients view their rheumatologist as their primary physician, and therefore it is important to screen youth for sexual activity and substance use as recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. We implemented an electronic social history questionnaire (SHQ) and alert system to identify at-risk behaviors in adolescents with rheumatic disease.

Methods: The SHQ was administered to adolescents 14 years and older with a goal to survey patients' sexual activity and alcohol, tobacco, and drug use.

Transition Guide Dissemination to Foster Patient-Care Team Conversations: A Childhood Arthritis Rheumatology Research Alliance Transition Learning Collaborative Pilot Implementation Study.

Objective: Uptake of evidence-informed health care transition processes among pediatric rheumatologists is low despite poor outcomes of transition from pediatric to adult care. We piloted a learning collaborative model to implement transition guides. We dually assessed implementation outcomes and changes in reported patient-care team discussions about transition.

A framework for three-dimensional statistical shape modeling of the proximal femur in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.

Purpose: The pathomorphology of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a key contributor to poor long-term outcomes such as hip pain, femoroacetabular impingement, and early-onset osteoarthritis. Plain radiographs, commonly used for research and in the clinic, cannot accurately represent the full extent of LCPD deformity. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a methodological framework for three-dimensional (3D) statistical shape modeling (SSM) of the proximal femur in LCPD.