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519 results match your criteria: "Scotland's Rural College (SRUC)[Affiliation]"
BMC Genomics
December 2024
Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), P.O. BOX 13591, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Background: Insecticide resistance is jeopardising malaria control efforts in Africa. Deciphering the evolutionary dynamics of mosquito populations country-wide is essential for designing effective and sustainable national and subnational tailored strategies to accelerate malaria elimination efforts. Here, we employed genome-wide association studies through pooled template sequencing to compare four eco-geographically different populations of the major vector, Anopheles funestus, across a South North transect in Cameroon, aiming to identify genomic signatures of adaptive responses to insecticides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Microbiol
December 2024
Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, Ireland.
Mol Biol Evol
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Pangenomes can facilitate a deeper understanding of genome complexity. Using de novo phased long-read assemblies of eight representative goat breeds, we constructed a graph-based pangenome of goats (Capra hircus) and discovered 113 Mb autosomal novel sequences. Combining this multi-assembly pangenome with low-coverage PacBio HiFi sequences, we constructed a long-read structural variations (SVs) database containing 59,325 SV deletions, 84,910 SV insertions and 24,954 other complex SV alleles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioresour Technol
December 2024
Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address:
Bacteria species such as E.Coli, Lactobacilli, and pediococci play an important role as starter strains in fermentation food or polysaccharides into lactic acid. These bacteria were metabolically engineered using multiple proven genome editing methods to enhance relevant phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTheor Appl Genet
November 2024
NIAB, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE, UK.
Flowering time synchronizes reproductive development with favorable environmental conditions to optimize yield. Improved understanding of the genetic control of flowering will help optimize varietal adaptation to future agricultural systems under climate change. Here, we investigate the genetic basis of flowering time in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Data
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
The mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella) is an important economic farmed fish, mainly distributed in South China and Southeast Asia due to its strong adaptability and high yield. Despite its economic importance, the paucity of genomic information has constrained detailed genetic research and breeding efforts. In this study, we utilized PacBio HiFi long-read sequencing and Hi-C technologies to generate a meticulously assembled chromosome-level genome of the mud carp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Rec
November 2024
Department of Computer Science, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
Background: Johne's disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic enteritis that adversely affects welfare and productivity in cattle. Screening and subsequent removal of affected animals is a common approach for disease management, but efforts are hindered by low diagnostic sensitivity. Expression levels of small non-coding RNA molecules involved in gene regulation (microRNAs), which may be altered during mycobacterial infection, may present an alternative diagnostic method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnim Genet
February 2025
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Domesticated sheep have adapted to contrasting and extreme environments and continue to play important roles in local community-based economies throughout Africa. Here we review the Neolithic migrations of thin-tailed sheep and the later introductions of fat-tailed sheep into eastern Africa. According to contemporary pictorial evidence, the latter occurred in Egypt not before the Ptolemaic period (305-25 BCE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Genomics
November 2024
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, 30050, P.R. China.
NPJ Antimicrob Resist
November 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial, London, UK.
The emergence of fungal antimicrobial resistance-fAMR-is having a growing impact on human and animal health, and food security. This roadmap charts inter-related actions that will enhance our ability to mitigate the risk of fAMR. As humanity's reliance on antifungal chemicals escalates, our understanding of their one-health consequences needs to scale accordingly if we are to protect our ability to manage the global spectrum of fungal disease sustainably.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnim Microbiome
November 2024
Infrastructure and Environment, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Background: Salmon aquaculture involves freshwater and seawater phases. Recently there has been an increase in multifactorial gill health challenges during the seawater phase which has led to an urgent need to understand the gill microbiome. There is a lack of understanding on what drives the composition of the gill microbiome, and the influence the freshwater stage has on its long-term composition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetics
November 2024
Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), P.O. Box 13591, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Metabolic mechanisms conferring pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors are jeopardizing the effectiveness of insecticide-based interventions, and identification of their markers is a key requirement for robust resistance management. Here, using a field-lab-field approach, we demonstrated that a single mutation G454A in the P450 CYP9K1 is driving pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus in East and Central Africa. Drastic reduction in CYP9K1 diversity was observed in Ugandan samples collected in 2014, with selection of a predominant haplotype (G454A mutation at 90%), which was completely absent in the other African regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimals (Basel)
October 2024
Department of Animal Nutrition, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain.
Dairy farming practices significantly affect the nutritional and functional properties of milk. This study compares miRNAs in milk exosomes from extensive and intensive dairy systems and explores their potential implications for human consumers. Extensive systems are believed to produce milk of higher quality with better animal welfare compared to intensive systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Dairy Res
October 2024
School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, UK.
This research paper describes a validation study evaluating the ability of IceTag accelerometers (Peacock Technology, UK) to detect play behaviour in weaned dairy calves. Play behaviour is commonly observed in young animals and is regarded as an indicator of positive welfare states. Eight Holstein Friesian calves aged three to five months old were monitored using leg-mounted accelerometers for 48 h.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Biol
October 2024
Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK.
BMC Public Health
September 2024
Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Peter Wilson Building, King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK.
Background: Although the World Health Organisation (WHO) has proposed the use of fiscal policies to mitigate consumption externalities such as overweight and obesity-related diseases, very little is known about the impacts of the different types and framing of national and/or regional fiscal policies that have been implemented over the years. There is the need to provide up-to-date evidence on the impact of fiscal policies that have been enacted and implemented across the globe.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review of all implemented government fiscal policies in the food and drinks sector to identify the different types of fiscal policies that exist and the scope of their impact on consumers as well as the food environment.
BMC Genom Data
September 2024
The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, United Kingdom.
Background: Sheep breeds native to the United Kingdom exhibit a striking diversity of different traits. Some of these traits are highly sustainable, such as seasonal wool shedding in the Wiltshire Horn, and are likely to become more important as pressures on sheep production increase in coming decades. Despite their clear importance to the future of sheep farming, the genetic diversity of native UK sheep breeds is poorly characterised.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne Health
December 2024
Department of Health Studies, Royal Holloway University of London, UK.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) evolution and onward transmission of resistance genes is impacted by interrelated biological and social drivers, with evidence and impacts observed across human, animal and environmental One Health domains. Systems-based research examining how food production impacts on AMR in complex agrifood systems is lacking, with little written on management approaches in the UK that might prevent and respond to this challenge. One approach is the creation of a transdisciplinary network to enhance capacity, capability and collaboration between agrifood-focused disciplines and stakeholders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRes Vet Sci
November 2024
The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, UMR 5558, Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, Marcy l'Étoile, France. Electronic address:
Background: Livestock markets are critical intermediaries in the movement of cattle and sheep between herds and to abattoirs. Disease prevention strategies promoting Cleansing & Disinfection (C&D) of vehicles moving animals from markets are in place in Scotland to reduce the risk of widespread transmission of pathogens within the livestock industry. However, little is known about how market users implement C&D on their vehicles and how these may differ between sectors of the industry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBehav Processes
October 2024
Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Postępu 36a, Jastrzębiec 05-552, Poland. Electronic address:
Leadership is a risky behaviour that can impact individuals and groups. Leaders, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet J
December 2024
School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, 464 Bearsden Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, Scotland G61 1QH, UK. Electronic address:
A calf should receive 10-12 % of its bodyweight in high quality colostrum ( >50 g/L immunoglobulin) shortly after birth in order to confer passive immunity, with calves ideally receiving their first feed of colostrum in the first 1-2 hours of life (Godden et al., 2019). It is recommended (not validated) that total counts for bacteria and coliforms in colostrum should not exceed 100,000 colony forming units per mL (CFU/mL) and 10,000 CFU/mL, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimal
September 2024
Hill and Mountain Research Centre, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kirkton, Crianlarich FK20 8RU, UK.
Front Vet Sci
July 2024
Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Introduction: Prolificacy has become an important breeding goal in sheep farming to increase farm profitability. With the adoption of improved genetics and management practices leading to increased lambing percentages, the proportion of triplet-born lambs has also increased on farms. However, mortality rates of triplet lambs are higher than for single- and twin-born lambs, and additional management inputs may be needed to support survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimal
September 2024
Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom.
Maternal behaviour is important for lamb survival, as ewes perform many behaviours that affect the chances of a lamb surviving. Collecting maternal behaviour data directly at lambing is time-consuming and not considered suitable for acquiring the large volumes of data that would be required for using as selection criteria within commercial breeding flocks. The aim of this study was to investigate if a simple scoring system is heritable and assesses the expression of behaviours that reduce the probability of lamb mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
July 2024
Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
China's poultry industry faces challenges in adopting and sustaining cage-free systems for poultry production. Effective interventions are crucial to support producers transitioning from cages to alternative systems or maintaining cage-free systems to improve animal welfare. However, little is known about how Chinese poultry producers perceive animal welfare in relation to cage-free systems and the importance of animal welfare in poultry production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF