Natural infection of common cranes () with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in Serbia.

Introduction: The late autumn epizootic of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 in Serbia in 2023 caused massive mortality in the migratory population of common cranes (). This is the first time HPAIV has been identified in the common crane in Serbia, leading to mass mortality of this bird species.

Methods: To understand the pathological impact of HPAIV in cranes, we evaluated the pathological changes in the tissues of common cranes.

The Influence of the Chemical Composition of Beeswax Foundation Sheets on Their Acceptability by the Bee's Colony.

Beeswax is one of the most important products for the well-being of bee colonies. The wax glands of young worker bees produce beeswax, which serves as a building material for honeycomb construction. Beekeepers using hives with mobile frames mainly utilize local beeswax to make foundations.

Natural Solutions to Antimicrobial Resistance: The Role of Essential Oils in Poultry Meat Preservation with Focus on Gram-Negative Bacteria.

The increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health problem with implications on human and veterinary medicine, as well as food production. In the poultry industry, the overuse and misuse of antimicrobials has led to the development of resistant or multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of bacteria such as spp., and spp.

The transmission routes of African swine fever during an outbreak in Serbia July-August 2023: African swine fever virus detections in environmental samples and insects.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar () caused by an arbovirus- African swine fever virus (ASFV), which is classified into the family . Even though the main transmission route of ASFV is direct contact between animals and carcasses releasing ASFV into the environment, the role of other transmission routes such as via environmental contamination or insects remains in great part unclear. During an epidemic f ASF in Serbia in 2023, environmental samples (soil, feed, water and swabs from the pig barns), and insects [resulting in collection of adult and/or larval stages of non-biting flies (: and )] were collected in four locations in South Banat district of Serbia.

Sales of Veterinary Antibiotics in Serbia: Identification of Problem Areas Using Standardized Metrics.

One Health, as a multi-disciplinary approach, considers animal, human, and environmental health. Serbia continuously records high rates of antimicrobial resistance, with a knowledge gap on practices regarding veterinary antibiotic use, as no standardized data regarding veterinary consumption of antibiotics that would allow for temporal or spatial comparison are available in Serbia. This study aimed to describe the sales of veterinary antibiotics in Serbia.

Chemical contaminants in donkey milk: A review of literature on sources, routes and pathways of contamination, regulatory framework, health risks, and preventive measures.

Donkey milk has garnered increasing attention due to its potential health benefits and nutritional properties, positioning it as a valuable alternative to cow's milk for specific consumer groups, such as individuals with allergies, young children, elderly populations, and those with compromised immune systems. However, the presence of chemical contaminants in donkey milk presents a significant concern for food safety and public health. This review aims to provide an assessment of the types and sources of chemical contaminants in donkey milk, including heavy metals, mycotoxins, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, and antimicrobial and antiparasitic veterinary drugs.

The Short-Term Impact of Educational Programs on Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Antimicrobial Stewardship among Veterinary Students in Serbia.

Effective antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is crucial for combating the rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in veterinary medicine. Educational programs targeting veterinary students can play a significant role in shaping their knowledge and attitudes toward antimicrobial use and stewardship. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of educational programs on the knowledge and attitudes regarding AMS among veterinary students in Serbia.

Molecular analysis of canine distemper virus H gene in the golden jackal (Canis aureus) population from Serbia.

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease affecting wild and domesticated carnivores. The virus is a single-stranded RNA virus from the genus Morbillivirus and the family Paramyxoviridae. While domestic dogs are the most common hosts, the virus poses a significant threat to endangered wildlife due to its broad host range.

Banana Peel Extract-Derived ZnO Nanopowder: Transforming Solar Water Purification for Safer Agri-Food Production.

Pure water scarcity is the most significant emerging challenge of the modern society. Various organics such as pesticides (clomazone, quinmerac), pharmaceuticals (ciprofloxacin, 17α-ethynilestradiol), and mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol) can be found in the aquatic environment. The aim of this study was to fabricate ZnO nanomaterial on the basis of banana peel extract (ZnO/BPE) and investigate its efficiency in the photocatalytic degradation of selected organics under various experimental conditions.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Aquaculture: Risk Mitigation within the One Health Context.

The application of antimicrobials in aquaculture primarily aims to prevent and treat bacterial infections in fish, but their inappropriate use may result in the emergence of zoonotic antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the subsequent transmission of resistant strains to humans via food consumption. The aquatic environment serves as a potential reservoir for resistant bacteria, providing an ideal breeding ground for development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The mutual inter-connection of intensive fish-farming systems with terrestrial environments, the food processing industry and human population creates pathways for the transmission of resistant bacteria, exacerbating the problem further.

Antimicrobial Resistance of Isolates from Poultry Farms in the Republic of Serbia (Autonomous Province of Vojvodina).

species are significant intestinal commensals of animals, including poultry. However, they have emerged as important opportunistic infective agents in both veterinary and human medicine as well as major nosocomial pathogens, owing to their increasing antimicrobial resistance. This research aimed to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of spp.

Clinical Evidence on Expansion of Essential Oil-Based Formulation's Pharmacological Activity in Bovine Mastitis Treatment: Antifungal Potential as Added Value.

Bovine mastitis, as a significant and prevalent health problem in dairy herds, is primarily attributed to bacterial infections. Yeasts, although considered relatively rare causative agents, have also been associated with mastitis in dairy cattle. Current mastitis treatment predominantly relies on antibiotics, with limited emphasis on antifungal treatment.

Analytical and Clinical Interference of Sample Hemolysis in Evaluating Blood Biochemical and Endocrine Parameters in Cows.

Hemolysis is a common cause of errors in laboratory tests as it affects blood parameters and leads to a positive or negative bias. This study aims to examine the relationship between the level of hemolysis (expressed as cell-free hemoglobin concentration, g/L) and the variability of metabolic and endocrine parameters and to determine the threshold level of hemolysis that causes an analytically and clinically significant bias for the twenty most frequently examined blood parameters in cows. Paired blood samples of 10 mL each were obtained from 30 cows.

Antibacterial Potential of Non-Tailed Icosahedral Phages Alone and in Combination with Antibiotics.

Non-tailed icosahedral phages belonging to families Fiersviridae (phages MS2 and Qbeta), Tectiviridae (PRD1) and Microviridae (phiX174) have not been considered in detail so far as potential antibacterial agents. The aim of the study was to examine various aspects of the applicability of these phages as antibacterial agents. Antibacterial potential of four phages was investigated via bacterial growth and biofilm formation inhibition, lytic spectra determination, and phage safety examination.

The efficacy of intravenous application of the Mycobacterium Cell Wall Fraction (AMPLIMUNE) in the treatment of subclinical mastitis caused by S. Aureus.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the immunostimulant Mycobacterium Cell Wall Fraction (MCWF) on the treatment of S. aureus SCM by intravenous application. The study included 45 HF dairy cows in 2nd and 3rd month after parturition divided into three groups (n = 15 per group): the MC + group - cows with S.

Evaluation of longitudinal passive immunity transfer against lumpy skin disease virus in calves by different serological methods.

To implement effective lumpy skin disease (LSD) control measures, such as timely vaccination, particularly in calves and serological monitoring, it is necessary to evaluate immune response after vaccination, both in adult cattle and in their calves. The aim of this study was to evaluate passive immunity transfer and duration of maternal antibodies against lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) in calves born to vaccinated cows by two different serological methods. The longitudinal study was carried out on two farms in Serbia where no cases were reported during LSD outbreak in 2016.

One health approach to study human health risks associated with mites.

Despite the significant health risks associated with infestations in humans, they are often overlooked. This study investigated a household case of infestation and explored the resulting clinical manifestations and risk of infection in family members. Microfluidic PCR was employed for high-throughput screening of pathogens in collected mites and blood samples from both chickens and family members.

sp. and Blood Meal Analysis in Mosquitoes Collected in Vojvodina and Mačva, and the First Report of (Issaitshikoff & Rajewskaya, 1928) in Serbia.

and are the two most widespread and important species of mosquito-borne nematodes, posing a significant threat to veterinary health and particularly affecting canines and felines. While causes cardiopulmonary dirofilariasis, causes subcutaneous infections in dogs and other carnivores. Despite the extensive knowledge on these parasites, little is known about their natural vectors in Serbia.

Animal Health Discourse during Ecological Crises in the Media-Lessons Learnt from the Flood in Thessaly from the One Health Perspective.

Due to the increasing risk of extreme events caused by climate change (i.e., floods, fires and hurricanes) or wars, European veterinary public health may need some improvement.

Presence of in Bulk Tank Milk and Associated Risk Factor Analysis in Serbian Dairy Farms.

() is a significant pathogen responsible for highly transmissible mastitis in cattle globally. It primarily spreads through colostrum, milk, and semen. Cows with persistent infections act as carriers, intermittently releasing the pathogen, making their milk a pivotal factor in infection transmission.