Effects of Glycerol Monooleate on Improving Quality Characteristics and Baking Performance of Frozen Dough Breads.

This study investigated the impact of glycerol monooleate (MO) at varying levels (0.3%, 0.6%, 0.

Study on Fermentation Preparation, Stability, and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Tomato Pomace Peptide.

The substantial quantity of discarded tomato pomace (TP) results in the waste of valuable resources. This study utilizes these tomato by-products by mixing them with water in a specific proportion and fermenting the mixture in two stages: first with yeast, and then with lactic acid bacteria. The most suitable microbial strains for TP fermentation were identified by evaluating parameters such as peptide content, degree of hydrolysis, and gel electrophoresis analysis.

Quality of life among healthcare workers in the hospitals and primary healthcare centers in Gaza Strip: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is an important measure of overall well-being linked to physical, mental, social, and environmental aspects of health. This study aimed to assess the QoL among healthcare workers (HCWs) in hospitals and primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in Gaza Strip, Palestine.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1850 HCWs in Gaza Strip, Palestine.

Risk factors and economic losses associated with cystic echinococcosis among livestock in selected pastoral and agro-pastoral areas of Uganda.

Background: Cystic echinococcosis is a parasitic cyclo-zoonotic disease caused by the taeniid Echinococcus and causes significant economic losses in livestock production, yet its impact is often overlooked and under estimated.

Methods: This study investigated the risk factors and economic impact of cystic echinococcosis in livestock, in Uganda's pastoral and agro-pastoral communities. In the study, 14,937 livestock were examined at selected slaughterhouses in Moroto, Kumi, Luwero and Nakasongola districts from March 2019 to February 2020.

Non-invasive assessment of intracranial compliance in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: an MRI-ICP study.

Background/objectives: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a disease which threatens vision and causes disabling headaches, affecting women of childbearing age with obesity. It is characterised by raised intracranial pressure (ICP), measured invasively either with lumbar punctures or intracranially-inserted monitors. There is an unmet clinical need to develop non-invasive means to assess ICP.

Genome-wide association analysis of composite sleep health scores in 413,904 individuals.

Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of several individual sleep traits have identified hundreds of genetic loci, suggesting diverse mechanisms. Moreover, sleep traits are moderately correlated, so together may provide a more complete picture of sleep health, while illuminating distinct domains. Here we construct novel sleep health scores (SHSs) incorporating five core self-report measures: sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, chronotype, snoring, and daytime sleepiness, using additive (SHS-ADD) and five principal components-based (SHS-PCs) approaches.

Pre-injury narcotic drug use in isolated severe traumatic brain injury: effect on outcomes.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the association between pre-injury narcotic drug use (opioids, methadone, and/or oxycodone) and outcomes in isolated severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients.

Methods: ACS TQIP study included adult trauma patients (≥ 16 years) with complete drug and alcohol screening. Isolated severe TBI was defined as head trauma with AIS 3-5 and without significant extracranial trauma.

Aerobiology matters: Why people in the community access pollen information and how they use it.

Background: Globally, many pollen monitoring networks provide the community with daily pollen information, but there are limited data on health consumer uses and benefits. This research investigated why individuals in the community access pollen information, how they use it, and the perceived benefits.

Methods: In- and post-pollen season surveys (2017-2018 and 2018-2019) enquired about symptoms, diagnoses, symptom management, access, benefits and usefulness of pollen information provided by the AusPollen Partnership.

Detection and isolation of Leishmania infantum from natural infected dog in Türkiye.

Some clinical signs such as cachexia, alopecia, exfoliative dermatitis, hair loss, and swollen lymph nodes were observed in a one-year-old crossbred male dog living in a rural area of Kirikkale province, Türkiye, was presented to the veterinary clinic by its owner. Anaemia, leucopenia, hyperglobulinemia, and bilirubinemia were detected. Seropositivity was detected using Leishmania IgG/IgM Rapid Test.

International benchmarking of stage at diagnosis for six childhood solid tumours (the BENCHISTA project): a population-based, retrospective cohort study.

Background: International variation in childhood cancer survival might be explained by differences in stage at diagnosis, among other factors. As part of the BENCHISTA project, we aimed to assess geographical variation in tumour stage at diagnosis through the application, by population-based cancer registries working with clinicians, of the international consensus Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines.

Methods: This population-based, retrospective cohort study involved 67 cancer registries from 23 European countries, Australia, Brazil, Japan, and Canada.

The Determinants of Toxicity in the Treatment of Prostate Cancer with a Focal, Intraprostatic "Microboost".

Purpose: A single phase III trial has demonstrated that prostate radiotherapy with a focal, intra-prostatic "microboost" can improve disease control without an overall increase in toxicity. It is unclear how these results generalize to other treatment schedules and protocols.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and the Cochrane Review was performed for studies published on or before September 1, 2023.

Sand and dust storms: a growing global health threat calls for international health studies to support policy action.

Sand and dust storms increasingly threaten global environmental and public health. To date, 150 countries are directly affected, with more than 100 classified as non-dust source regions. With climate change, these storms are expected to become more frequent and severe.

Designed mosaic nanoparticles enhance cross-reactive immune responses in mice.

Nanoparticle vaccines displaying combinations of SARS-like betacoronavirus (sarbecovirus) receptor-binding domains (RBDs) could protect against SARS-CoV-2 variants and spillover of zoonotic sarbecoviruses into humans. Using a computational approach, we designed variants of SARS-CoV-2 RBDs and selected 7 natural sarbecovirus RBDs, each predicted to fold properly and abrogate antibody responses to variable epitopes. RBDs were attached to 60-mer nanoparticles to make immunogens displaying two (mosaic-2s), five (mosaic-5), or seven (mosaic-7) different RBDs for comparisons with mosaic-8b, which elicited cross-reactive antibodies and protected animals from sarbecovirus challenges.

Molecular classification of endometrial cancers (EC) and association with relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes: Ancillary analysis of GOG-0258.

Purpose: Determine if molecular classification using mismatch repair (MMR) and p53 protein expression predicts recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in endometrial cancer (EC) patients treated with chemotherapy and radiation (CRT) versus chemotherapy (CT).

Methods: GOG-0258, a phase III randomized trial (NCT00942357), compared CRT to CT. Immunohistochemistry assessed MMR and p53 status.

An open chat between Prof Asifa Akhtar and Klaudia Jaczynska.

To mark the International Day of Women and Girls in Science 2025, we invited Prof Asifa Akhtar, Vice President of the Max Planck Society's Biology and Medicine section, Director at the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics in Freiburg, Honorary Professor at the Albert Ludwigs University and recipient of the 2025 FEBS | EMBO Women in Science Award to meet and chat with Klaudia Jaczynska, final year PhD student at Jose Rizo's laboratory in UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, and 2024 FEBS Open Bio Article Prize winner. We invited them to talk about challenges limiting equal representation in science, technology, engineering and mathematics, initiatives to foster supportive environments as a research institute and the importance of highlighting diverse examples of success.

Structure-guided engineering of a mutation-tolerant inhibitor peptide against variable SARS-CoV-2 spikes.

Pathogen mutations present an inevitable and challenging problem for therapeutics and the development of mutation-tolerant anti-infective drugs to strengthen global health and combat evolving pathogens is urgently needed. While spike proteins on viral surfaces are attractive targets for preventing viral entry, they mutate frequently, making it difficult to develop effective therapeutics. Here, we used a structure-guided strategy to engineer an inhibitor peptide against the SARS-CoV-2 spike, called CeSPIACE, with mutation-tolerant and potent binding ability against all variants to enhance affinity for the invariant architecture of the receptor-binding domain (RBD).

Lateral olivocochlear neurons modulate cochlear responses to noise exposure.

The sense of hearing originates in the cochlea, which detects sounds across dynamic sensory environments. Like other peripheral organs, the cochlea is subjected to environmental insults, including loud, damage-inducing sounds. In response to internal and external stimuli, the central nervous system directly modulates cochlear function through olivocochlear neurons (OCNs), which are located in the brainstem and innervate the cochlear sensory epithelium.

Achieving Ultralow Lattice Thermal Conductivity and High Thermoelectric Performance in BiTeSe Alloys via Introducing Organic & Inorganic Nanoparticles.

N-type BiTeSe(BTS) is a state-of-the-art thermoelectric material owing to its excellent thermoelectric properties near room temperatures for commercial applications. However, its performance is restricted by its comparatively low figure of merit ZT. Here, it is shown that a 14% increase in power factor (PF) (at 300 K) can be reached through incorporation of inorganic GaAs nanoparticles due to enhanced thermopower originating from the energy-dependent carrier scattering.

Computational simulation of cranial soft tissue expansion on the cranium during early postnatal growth in humans.

The importance of interactions between neighbouring rapidly growing tissues of the head during development is recognised, yet this competition for space remains incompletely understood. The developing structures likely interact through a variety of mechanisms, including directly genetically programmed growth, and are mediated via physiological signalling that can be triggered by structural interactions. In this study, we aimed to investigate a different but related potential mechanism, that of simple mechanical plastic deformation of neighbouring structures of the head in response to soft tissue expansion during human postnatal ontogeny.

Neurological Performance and Clinical Outcomes Related to Patients With Oropouche-Associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

Background And Aims: A recent study reported that Oropouche virus (OROV) infection may play a role in the etiology of Guillain-Barré syndrome. We aimed to identify the neurological performance, disease-modifying therapies, and clinical outcomes related to patients with Oropouche-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome admitted to the critical care unit.

Methods: This was an analysis of 210 patients diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome and suspicion of Oropouche viral infection admitted to the critical care units from June 2024 to September 2024 using the national administrative healthcare data.

Preventing confounding in observational studies in orthopedic trauma surgery through expert panels: a systematic review.

Purpose: Confounding in observational studies can be mitigated by selecting only those patients, in whom equipoise of both treatments is secured by experts' disagreement over optimal therapy.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify observational studies in the field of orthopedic trauma surgery that utilized expert panels for patient inclusion in order to limit the potential for confounding.

Results: Four studies were identified that used expert panels to select participants based on expert disagreement.

Effects of Polystyrene Microplastic Exposure on Liver Cell Damage, Oxidative Stress, and Gene Expression in Juvenile Crucian Carp ().

A considerable quantity of microplastic debris exists in the environment and the toxicity of these materials has a notable impact on aquatic ecosystems. In this paper, 50-500 µm polystyrene microplastics (exposure concentrations were 200 µg/L, 800 µg/L, and 3200 µg/L concentrations) were selected to study the effects of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on cell morphology, detoxification enzyme activity, and mRNA expression in the liver tissues of crucian carp juveniles. The results demonstrated that: (1) Different concentrations of PS-MPs cause varying degrees of pathological and oxidative damage to liver tissue cells of crucian carp.

Responses of an Coculture Alveolar Model for the Prediction of Respiratory Sensitizers (ALIsens) Following Exposure to Skin Sensitizers and Non-Sensitizers.

In recent years, a global increase in allergy incidence following chemical exposure has been observed. While the process of skin sensitization is well characterized through the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework, the immunological mechanisms underlying respiratory sensitization remain less well understood. Respiratory sensitizers are classified as substances of very high concern (SVHC) under the European Union (EU) regulation for the registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals (REACH), emphasizing the importance of evaluating respiratory tract sensitization as a critical hazard.