Human milk whey proteins: Constituents, influencing factors, detection methods, and comparative analysis with other sources.

Whey proteins, the most abundant proteins in human milk (HM), play a vital role in the growth and development of infants. This review first elaborates on the main components of HM whey proteins, including various proteins with specific functions, and details the functions of these proteins in terms of infant nutrition, immunity, as well as growth and development. Secondly, it analyzes factors that affect HM whey proteins, such as maternal differences, dietary habits, and geographical differences.

Workplace violence and associated factors against nurses working in public hospitals in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The issue of workplace violence (WPV) directed at nurses is a chronic and global public health concern. Numerous studies on workplace violence in Ethiopia have been conducted; however, the results have been inconsistent. The review aims to identify the pooled prevalence and associated factors of workplace violence against nurses.

Extended spectrum betalactamase and Carbapenemase producing gram negative bacteria from healthcare workers gowns at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing (CP) gram-negative bacteria are the major public health concerns. Gowns used by healthcare workers (HCWs) in daily practice are a source of hospital-acquired infections in hospital settings. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria from gowns of healthcare workers at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.

Methimazole disrupted skeletal ossification and muscle fiber transition in Bufo gargarizans larvae.

Methimazole (MMI) is an emerging endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) due to its increasing use in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism), but its potential impact on amphibian development remains largely unexplored. In the present study, the effects of 8 mg/L MMI and 1 μg/L thyroxine (T4) exposure on skeletal ossification and muscle development in Bufo gargarizans tadpoles were comprehensively investigated by double skeletal staining, histological analysis and RNA sequencing. Our results indicated that MMI treatment down-regulated the expression levels of ossification-related genes (e.

Effect of dynamic high pressure microfluidization on pasting, gelling and rheological properties of starch composite with β-glucan both from highland barley.

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of β-glucan on the pasting, gelling, rheological properties, and multi-level structures of the highland barley (HB) starch after dynamic high pressure microfluidization (DHPM) treatment, exploring the inhibition mechanisms of starch retrogradation by endogenous β-glucan after DHPM. DHPM treatment led to a decrease in the viscosity (K values from 161.1 to 54.

The experience of living with human immunodeficiency virus among adolescents at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Bahir-Dar, Northwest Ethiopia, A phenomenological study.

Background: Adolescents who have the human immunodeficiency virus face difficulties in their lives not just from the physical consequences of the illness but also from social stigma and discrimination. The quantitative side of this issue was the focus of earlier Ethiopian research. However, there hasn't been any prior research done extensively in Ethiopia on the real-life experiences of teenagers infected with HIV.

Laccase Mediated One-Pot, Green Synthesis of Thiazoles, β-Keto Sulfones and Imidazopyridines.

We report the first in situ reaction of the β-haloketones obtained from laccase catalysed oxidation of secondary alcohol 2-halo phenylethanol's in present study. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever fusion of laccase catalysed oxidation reaction with green organic synthetic reaction. The methodology employs molecular oxygen to oxidize secondary alcohol in biphasic medium by laccase from T.

Biomimetic Fe3O4 Nanozymes Promote Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cell Lines via Free Radical Scavenging and Inhibition of RelA/p65.

Introduction: Iron oxide nanozyme was synthesized from the fruit peel extract of pomegranate, which served as a reducing agent during the green synthesis. The scavenging of reactive oxygen species is often accompanied by immunomodulation following antiproliferative effects due to the crosstalk between the proteins involved in the inter-related signaling pathways.

Method: In the current study, the green synthesized nanozyme was studied for its ability to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines.

Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed molecular regulatory mechanism of saline-alkali stress tolerance and identified bHLH142 in winter rapeseed (Brassica rapa).

Soil salinization is one of the main problems leading to a reduction in arable land area. In the present study, strongly salt-tolerant lines were screened for germination rates and physiological indices. The mechanism of saline-alkali stress tolerance in winter rapeseed was examined using transcriptome and metabolome analyses.

Machine-learning methodologies to predict disease progression in chronic hepatitis B in Africa.

Background: Little is known about the determinants of disease progression among African patients with chronic HBV infection.

Methods: We used machine-learning models with longitudinal data to establish predictive algorithms in a well-characterized cohort of Ethiopian HBV-infected patients without baseline liver fibrosis. Disease progression was defined as an increase in liver stiffness to >7.

Analysis of the MYB gene family in tartary buckwheat and functional investigation of FtPinG0005108900.01 in response to drought.

Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is an important crop used for edible food and medicinal usage. Drought annually brings reduction in crop yield and quality, causing enormous economic losses. Transcription factors are often involved in the regulation of plant responses to environmental stresses.

Proteomic analysis of egg production peak and senescence in the ovaries of Taihe black-boned silky fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson).

Background: The Taihe black-boned silky fowl, a distinguished indigenous breed of chicken, is renowned for its dual utility in both traditional medicinal and culinary applications. However, the breed faces significant challenges due to its suboptimal reproductive capabilities and a notably brief egg-laying period, which have impeded its broader development and cultivation. In this research endeavor, we employed an advanced, rapid DIA (Data independent acquisition) quantitative proteomics method on the Astral platform to meticulously analyze the ovarian proteome of these chickens.

Metal-Free Electrochemical Allylic C-H Aerobic Oxidation.

A scalable and sustainable electrochemical protocol for allylic C-H aerobic oxidation has been developed, enabling the formation of enones without the use of stoichiometric toxic oxidants or metal catalysts and offering an environmentally benign alternative to traditional chemical oxidation techniques. The process has been successfully applied to selectively oxidize a series of natural products and drug molecules, underscoring its potential for widespread adoption in both academic and industrial contexts.

Toxicity of Polystyrene Microplastics with Cadmium on the Digestive System of Tadpoles.

Microplastics pollution in freshwater systems is attracting increasing attention. However, our knowledge of its combined toxicity with heavy metals is scarce. In this study, was used as the model animal to study the combined poisoning mechanism of cadmium or microplastics on the digestive systems of tadpoles in freshwater.

Immunomodulatory lectin from Cordia myxa targets PI3K/AKT signalling mediated apoptosis to regress both in-vitro and in-vivo tumour.

Plant based medicine is gaining recognition as a complementary approach to conventional treatments. Plants contain lectins that bind to carbohydrates and exhibit various biological properties and being used in cancer treatment. In present investigation Cordia myxa fruit was chosen, screen for presence of lectin and explore its biological role.

FMT reduces systemic inflammatory response in severe acute pancreatitis by increasing the abundance of intestinal and fecal bacteria.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is one of the leading causes of hospital admissions for gastrointestinal diseases, with a rising incidence worldwide. Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis caused by SAP exacerbates systemic inflammatory response syndrome and organ dysfunction. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for gastrointestinal diseases.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of health-related quality of life among patients with cardiovascular diseases in Ethiopia.

Introduction: Despite Ethiopia's best efforts, the physical, psychological, social, and environmental aspects of quality of life among patients with cardiovascular illnesses such as hypertension have not received adequate consideration. The quality of life among patients with cardiovascular diseases in Ethiopia has not been thoroughly examined; therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with health-related quality of life among patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Methods: The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis were reported in accordance with the International Recommended Reporting items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines.

Triglyceride-glucose index as a mediator of body mass index and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a nationally representative longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Body mass index (BMI) consistently correlates with the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a marker of insulin resistance, which in turn is linked to heightened cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Thus, insulin resistance could potentially mediate the association between BMI and CVD risk. However, few studies have explored this mechanism in the general population.

Polydimethylsiloxane loaded capsaicin afflicts membrane integrity, metabolic activity and biofilm formation of nosocomial pathogens.

Biofilms constitute 80 % of all nosocomial infections associated with invasive medical devices. Polydimethylsiloxane, a highly elastic, inert, non-reactive, biocompatible silicone polymer is widely used as implant biomaterial due to its non-toxic and low-immunogenic nature. Owing to its hydrophobicity, PDMS suffers from microbial adhesion.

Dyslipidemia and associated factors among adult type two diabetes mellitus patients in Felege Hiywot Refral, Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, 2023.

Background: Dyslipidemia is a common condition in type two diabetic patients, and it is thought to have a significant role in moderating the cardiovascular risk associated with diabetes. Data on serum lipid profiles in type 2 diabetes patients from Bahir Dar, Ethiopia is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidemia among adult type 2 diabetes patients and to explore potential contributing factors.

Comparative Analysis of Gelatin/Polylactic Acid and Commercial PLA Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND This study included 32 patients with single missing teeth and alveolar bone defects and aimed to compare outcomes from guided bone regeneration with a gelatin/polylactic acid (GT/PLA) barrier membrane and a Guidor® bioresorbable matrix barrier dental membrane. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 32 participants were recruited in the clinical study, with single missing teeth and alveolar bone defects, requiring guided bone regeneration (32 missing teeth in total). They were randomly divided into the GT/PLA membrane group (experimental) and Guidor® membrane group (control) by the envelope method (n=16).

Experimental and theoretical investigation of cyclohexanone derivative (CHD) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl.

Newly synthesized 1-bromo-2-(4-bromophenylsulfonate)-4,4-dimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl-6-one (CHD) as a potential anticorrosive agent in an acidic medium at an elevated temperature range of 305-335 K. This synthesized compound confirmed by spectral characterizations and it acts as a coating on mild steel surfaces in 1 M Hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution through electrochemical reactions. The synthesis of the compound has been discussed, and the Infrared (IR) and Nucleic Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectral analysis confirmed the derivative.

Transition from multi-year La Niña to strong El Niño rare but increased under global warming.

El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) exhibits a strong asymmetry between warm El Niño and cold La Niña in amplitude and temporal evolution. An El Niño often leads to a heat discharge in the equatorial Pacific conducive to its rapid termination and transition to a La Niña, whereas a La Niña persists and recharges the equatorial Pacific for consecutive years preconditioning development of a subsequent El Niño, as occurred in 2020-2023. Whether the multiyear-long heat recharge increases the likelihood of a transition to a strong El Niño remains unknown.