Monitoring and talking to the room: autochthonous coordination patterns in team interaction and performance.

This paper builds on and extends theory on team functioning in high-risk environments. We examined 2 implicit coordination behaviors that tend to emerge autochthonously within high-risk teams: team member monitoring and talking to the room. Focusing on nonrandom patterns of behavior, we examined sequential patterns of team member monitoring and talking to the room in higher- and lower-performing action teams working in a high-risk health care environment.

Front-line ownership: generating a cure mindset for patient safety.

Great advances have been made in standardization and human factors engineering that have reduced variability and increased reliability in healthcare. As important as these advances are, the authors believe there is another important but largely ignored layer to the safety story in healthcare that has prevented us from progressing. In the field of infection prevention and control (IPAC), despite great attempts over several decades to improve compliance with hand hygiene, surveillance, environmental cleaning, isolation protocols and other control measures, very significant challenges remain.

Effects of daylight-saving time changes on stock market returns and stock market volatility: rebuttal.

In a 2011 reply to our 2010 comment in this journal, Berument and Dogen maintained their challenge to the existence of the negative daylight-saving effect in stock returns reported by Kamstra, Kramer, and Levi in 2000. Unfortunately, in their reply, Berument and Dogen ignored all of the points raised in the comment, failing even to cite the Kamstra, et al. comment.

Outcomes of Canadian National Institute for the Blind Baker research grants from 1998 to 2009.

Objective: To assess the outcome of Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) Baker research grants.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Participants: Eighty-six Canadian vision researchers who received 88 CNIB Baker grants from 1998 to 2009.

Testing the evolution process of prostate-specific antigen in early stage prostate cancer: what is the proper underlying model?

This paper empirically tests a model of stochastic evolutions of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a trigger for intervention in an early stage prostate cancer surveillance program. It conducts hypothesis testing of the Geometric Browning Motion model based on its attributes of independent increments and linearity of the variance in the increment length versus a wide range of stochastic and deterministic alternatives. These alternatives include the currently accepted deterministic growth model.

A stochastic approach to risk management for prostate cancer patients on active surveillance.

Screening for prostate cancer (PC) has led to more cancers being detected at early stages, where active surveillance (AS), a strategy that involves monitoring and intervention when the disease progresses, is an option. Physicians are seeking ways to measure progression of the disease such that AS is abandoned when appropriate. A blood test, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and the concept of doubling time (PSADT) and PSA kinetics are being used as proxies of disease speed of progression.

Effects of daylight-saving time changes on stock market volatility: a comment.

In a recent article in this journal, Berument, Dogan, and Onar (2010) challenged the existence of the previously documented daylight-saving effect. Kamstra, Kramer, and Levi's original finding (2000) was that average stock market returns on Mondays following time changes are economically and statistically significantly lower than typical Monday returns. Kamstra, et al.

Career stage and police cynicism.

This study examined the relationship of police tenure and career stage and cynicism among 766 Norwegian constables and managers. Constables with less tenure and in an early career stage, but not managers, scored lower on cynicism.

Correlates of nursing staff survivor responses to hospital restructuring and downsizing.

This study examines correlates of 4 archetypal survivor responses to organizational restructuring and downsizing proposed by Mishra and Spreitzer: hopeful, obliging, cynical, and fearful. Data were collected from 744 long-term nursing staff survivors of hospital restructuring and downsizing using questionnaires. Three types of correlates were considered: work outcomes, indicators of psychologic well-being, and perceptions of hospital functioning.

Hospital restructuring stressors, support, and nursing staff perceptions of unit functioning.

Hospital restructuring and downsizing have taken place in most developed countries during the past 10 years. A small but growing body of research findings has identified aspects of these changes that serve as sources of stress for nursing staff during these transitions as well as organizational initiatives that facilitate those transitions. This study reports results from a longitudinal study of hospital restructuring and downsizing on nursing staff perceptions of hospital functioning.

Benefits to police officers of having a spouse or partner in the profession of police officer.

This exploratory study of police officers examined potential effects of having a spouse or partner who is also in police work on levels of work-family conflict and spouse or partner concerns. Data were collected from 776 police officers in Norway using anonymously completed questionnaires. Police officers having spouses or partners also in police work reported significantly lower spouse or partner concerns but the same levels of work-family conflict.

Work status congruence, work outcomes, and psychologic well-being.

This study investigated work status congruence, work outcomes, and psychologic well-being among nursing staff. Data were collected from 744 hospital-based nurses using anonymous questionnaires. Nurses indicated whether they were currently working full-time or part-time and whether they preferred to work full-time or part-time.

Workaholism, self-esteem, and motives for money.

This study examined correlations of workaholism types among 69 male and 86 female undergraduate business students. Three types were considered (Work Addicts, Work Enthusiasts, and Enthusiastic Addicts) using measures developed in 1992 by Spence and Robbins. Correlates included personal demographics, self-esteem, and motives for money.

Survivors and victims of hospital restructuring and downsizing: who are the real victims?

This study reports the results of a longitudinal study of the effects of hospital restructuring and downsizing on nursing staff satisfaction and psychological well-being. Participants completed questionnaires in November 1996 and November 1999. All were employed as hospital-based nurses in 1996 but some had left hospital nursing for other jobs by 1999.

Hospital restructuring stressors: support and nursing staff perceptions of unit functioning.

Hospital restructuring and downsizing have taken place in most developed countries during the past ten years. A small but growing body of research findings has identified aspects of these changes that serve as sources of stress for nursing staff during these transitions as well as organizational initiatives that facilitate those transitions. This study reports results from a longitudinal study of hospital restructuring and downsizing on nursing staff perceptions of hospital functioning.

Psychometric properties of Spence and Robbins' measures of workaholism components.

There has been a recent increase in attention devoted to the study of workaholism. As with most new areas of study, issues of definition and measurement have not received their due. The present investigation examined some psychometric properties of Spence and Robbins' measures of the components of workaholism (1992), one of two measures that have received some attention.

Work experiences and psychological well-being of former hospital-based nurses now employed elsewhere.

Hospitals in Ontario have undergone significant restructuring and downsizing during the past few years. Such changes have created negative reactions among both those who survive the downsizing and those who lose their jobs involuntarily. This study compared work satisfactions and indicators of psychological well-being of 36 nurses during these changes and three years later when they were employed elsewhere.

Workaholism among a sample of Turkish managers and professionals: an exploratory study.

This exploratory study attempted to replicate previous North American research on workaholism and the relationship of workaholism components proposed by Spence and Robbins to potential antecedents and consequences. Data were obtained from 60 managers and professionals in Istanbul using anonymous questionnaires. These questionnaires contained measures previously used in North America translated into Turkish.

The ripple effect: it's time for health care leaders to address staff concerns following restructuring.

The degree of support an organization shows during periods of restructuring and downsizing greatly impacts staff stress levels and work environment perception.

Effects of changing hospital units during organizational restructuring.

This study examined the effects on work experience, satisfaction, and psychological well-being when hospital-based nursing staff change nursing units during a period of major health care system and hospital restructuring. Data were collected from 1,362 staff nurses using anonymous questionnaires. Fourteen percent (n = 194) had changed units in the preceding year.

Spence and Robbins' measures of workaholism components: test-retest stability.

There has been a recent increase in research devoted to the study of workaholism, specifically concerning issues of definition and measurement. The present investigation examined the test-retest stability of Spence and Robbins' measures of the components of workaholism (1992), one of two measures that has been fairly widely used. These measures were found to be relatively stable in a sample of early-career managers (n = 67) over a 12-wk.

The effectiveness of humor in persuasion: the case of business ethics training.

In this study, persuasion theory was used to develop the following predictions about use of humor in persuasive messages for business ethics training: (a) cartoon drawings will enhance persuasion by creating liking for the source, (b) ironic wisecracks will enhance persuasion by serving as a distraction from counterarguments, and (c) self-effacing humor will enhance persuasion by improving source credibility. Canadian business students (N = 148) participated in 1 of 4 versions of "The Ethics Challenge," a training exercise used by the Lockheed Martin Corporation. Three versions were modified by adding or removing cartoon drawings (of cartoon characters Dilbert and Dogbert) and humorous responses (Dogbert's wisecracks).

Effects of sex, parental status, and spouse work involvement in dual-career couples.

This study examined the effects of sex, parental status, and spouse's work involvement on measures of work-family experiences. Data were collected from women and men employed in similar jobs at the same organizational level in a large professional services firm using anonymously completed questionnaires. A response rate of 70% was achieved.

Hospital restructuring and downsizing in Canada: are less experienced nurses at risk?

The health care sector has undergone significant change during the past decade as hospitals struggle to provide the same service with fewer resources. This study examined perceptions of hospital restructuring and downsizing and their effects on nursing staff as a function of years in nursing. Data were obtained from 1,362 staff nurses by questionnaire.

Career priority patterns among managerial women: a study of four countries.

This research examined career priority patterns among samples of managerial and professional women in Bulgaria, Canada, Norway, and Singapore. Data were collected using questionnaires. Women in all four countries shared similar career priority patterns, endorsing patterns that combined both career and family.