Microneedle-delivered adeno-associated virus vaccine amplified anti-viral immunity by improving antigen-presenting cells infection.

Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) have significant potential as vaccine carriers due to their excellent biosafety and efficient antigen gene delivery. However, most AAV vaccines show limited capacity to transduce antigen-presenting cells (APCs) following intramuscular injection which may cause inadequate cellular immune responses and undesired side effects due to transducing other tissues or cells. Herein, we developed a soluble microneedle patch for targeting the AAV vaccines to the epidermal and dermal APCs.

Sex differences in aristolochic acid I-induced nephrotoxicity in mice and the effect of estradiol.

Aristolochic acid I (AAI), the most prominent component of aristolochic acids and found in nearly all aristolochic herbs, has been demonstrated significant nephrotoxicity. In this study, an acute nephrotoxicity model of AAI mice was established by a single dose injection of AAI. It was observed that there are differences of the sensitivity to AAI nephrotoxicity in female and male mice, with male mice exhibiting nephrotoxic effects even at lower doses.

Quercetin derivatives in roasted Coffea arabica and its popular beverages.

This study is focused on quantification of six quercetin derivatives in roasted Coffea arabica L. from different geographical origins and post-harvest processing methods for the first time. Popular beverages (espresso and moka) were also studied.

Borate ester-crosslinked polysaccharide hydrogel reinforced by proanthocyanidins for oral ulcer therapy.

Oral ulcers are prone to recurrence and often complicated by bacterial infections. Currently, antibiotics, glucocorticoids, and anesthetics are commonly employed in clinical practice to alleviate symptoms. However, these medications exhibit limited retention in the moist and dynamic environment of the oral cavity, and their long-term use may lead to various side effects or drug resistance.

Eupalinolide B alleviates rheumatoid arthritis through the promotion of apoptosis and autophagy via regulating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK-1 signaling axis.

The excessive proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) leads to synovial hyperplasia, a key pathological hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Eupalinolide B (EB), a sesquiterpene lactone of Eupatorium lindleyanum DC., has anti-inflammatory effects and anti-proliferative activity in tumor cells.

The relationship between optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging measurements in people with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Several studies show that optical coherence tomography (OCT) metrics e with cognition, disability, and brain structure in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). This review the correlation between OCT parameters and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements in PwMS.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science was performed, including studies published in English up to November 29, 2024 to identify studies reporting quantitative data on the correlation between baseline OCT parameters and MRI measurements in PwMS.

Ionic liquid-modified magnetic covalent organic framework for the extraction of four pyrethroids in traditional Chinese herbs.

Efficient enrichment of analytes and purification of matrices are crucial for the highly sensitive detection and monitoring of pesticides in traditional Chinese herbs. This work prepared magnetic ionic liquid-controlled covalent organic framework (IL-COF@FeO) as the sorbent via a simple in-situ precipitation polymerization and thiolene "click" strategy. The IL-COF@FeO exhibited remarkable adsorption performance towards pyrethroids within 5 min.

Fractional Spinon Quasiparticles in Open-Shell Triangulene Spin-1/2 Chains.

The emergence of spinon quasiparticles, which carry spin but lack charge, is a hallmark of collective quantum phenomena in low-dimensional quantum spin systems. While the existence of spinons has been demonstrated through scattering spectroscopy in ensemble samples, real-space imaging of these quasiparticles within individual spin chains has remained elusive. In this study, we construct individual Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 chains using open-shell [2]triangulene molecules as building blocks.

Navigating Disagreements on Health Information: How Patients With Cancer Perceive Health Care Providers' Approaches to Discussing Patient-Identified Information.

Purpose: Although publicly available cancer-related information online and offline could help patients make informed decisions, it also poses challenges due to prevalent misinformation. Patients need proper provider guidance to ensure they use valid and relevant information in decisions. We identify effective communication approaches for providers when (1) discussing patient-identified information and (2) disagreeing with it.

Triethylamine-mediated protonation-deprotonation unlocks dual-drug self assembly to suppress breast cancer progression and metastasis.

Carrier-free nanomedicines exhibited significant potential in elevating drug efficacy and safety for tumor management, yet their self assembly typically relied on chemical modifications of drugs or the incorporation of surfactants, thereby compromising the drug's inherent pharmacological activity. To address this challenge, we proposed a triethylamine (TEA)-mediated protonation-deprotonation strategy that enabled the adjustable-proportion self assembly of dual drugs without chemical modification, achieving nearly 100% drug loading capacity. Molecular dynamic simulations, supported by experiment evidence, elucidated the underlying self-assembly mechanism.

Association between Delayed Broad-Spectrum Gram-negative Antibiotics and Clinical Outcomes: How Much Does Getting It Right with Empiric Antibiotics Matter?

Background: Clinicians often start unnecessarily broad-spectrum empiric Gram-negative antibiotics out of the concern that delaying effective therapy could lead to a worse clinical outcome. This study examined the consequences of delayed initiation of broad-spectrum Gram-negative antibiotics.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort of adult inpatients from 928 US hospitals, we compared clinical outcomes after (1) empiric narrow-spectrum antibiotics escalated to broad-spectrum antibiotics (delayed broad-spectrum therapy, DBT) and (2) empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics continued for at least 5 days (early broad-spectrum therapy, EBT) using Win Ratios.

European Society of Cardiology quality indicators for the management of acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Closing the evidence-practice gap for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is central to improving quality of care. Under the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) framework, we aimed to develop updated quality indicators (QIs) for the evaluation of quality of care and outcomes for patients with ACS.

Methods: A Working Group of experts including members of the ESC Clinical Practice Guidelines Task Force for ACS, Acute CardioVascular Care Association and European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions followed the ESC methodology for QI development.

Patients' Experiences With Opioid Tapering in Noncancer Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-synthesis.

Tapering opioids is an effective strategy to reduce the risks associated with long-term opioid therapy. However, patients' experience with tapering can influence the success of this treatment. Understanding patients' experiences with opioid tapering will allow for patient-centered approaches to be adopted to tailor interventions to achieve safe and successful taper outcomes.

Development of propranolol loaded SLN for transdermal delivery: characterization and skin deposition studies.

Aim: The study aimed to formulate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for the transdermal delivery of PPL to improve skin retention and efficacy.

Materials And Method: The particle size distribution of SLNs was determined and the morphology of SLNs was also analyzed by SEM. , and evaluations were done for PPL loaded SLN.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., two bacteria isolated from marine sediment in the East China Sea.

Two Gram-stain-negative, curved-rod-shaped, non-motile and aerobic bacteria W6 and I13 were isolated from marine sediment samples collected from Meishan Island located in the East China Sea. Catalase and oxidase activities and hydrolysis of Tween 40, 60 and 80 were positive for both strains, while nitrate reduction, indole production, methyl red reaction and HS production were negative. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA and genome sequences revealed that strains W6 and I13 formed distinct phylogenetic lineages within the genera and , respectively.

A Review of Bavachinin and Its Derivatives as Multi-therapeutic Agents.

Extracting natural active ingredients from plants is an effective way to develop and screen modern drugs. Psoralea corylifolia is a leguminous plant whose seeds have long been used as a Traditional Chinese Medicine to treat psoriasis, rheumatism, dermatitis, and other diseases. To date, several main compounds, including coumarins, flavonoids, monoterpene phenols, and benzofurans, have been identified from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia.

Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Thiazolidine-2,4-dione-biphenyl Derivatives as Anticancer Agents.

Objective: A new library of Thiazolidine-2,4-dione-biphenyl Derivatives derivatives (10a-j) was designed and synthesized. All compounds were characterized by spectral data. Further, these were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity.

Tirzepatide mitigates cognitive decline in zebrafish model of type 2 diabetes mellitus induced by high-fat diet.

In examining the enduring consequences of diabetes, recent research has focused on the anticipated outcomes of the condition. Specifically, cognitive impairment has been linked to diabetes mellitus dating back to the discovery of insulin. This study delves into the neuroprotective effects of TZP, i.

Evidence for the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of three semi-synthetic derivatives of xylopic acid in mice.

Purpose: Major depressive disorder is one of the most common and burdensome psychiatric disorders worldwide. This study evaluated the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like activity of three semi-synthetic derivatives of xylopic acid (XA) to identify the most promising derivative based on mechanism(s) of action, in vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro cytotoxicity.

Methods: The anxiolytic potential and the involvement of GABAergic mechanisms were assessed in the elevated plus-maze and open field tests in mice.

Restoring cefepime activity against multidrug-resistant KPC-producing by combination with boronic acid inhibitors, MB076 and S02030.

Foremost in the design of new β-lactamase inhibitors (BLIs) are the boronic acid transition state inhibitors (BATSIs). Two highly potent BATSIs being developed are S02030 and MB076 strategically designed to be active against cephalosporinases and carbapenemases, especially KPC. When combined with cefepime, S02030 and MB076 demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against laboratory and clinical strains of expressing a variety of class A and class C β-lactamases, including and .

Responsiveness of glycyrrhetinic acid modified liposome toward secretory phospholipase A and its growth inhibitory in Colo205 cells.

This study aimed to design a novel liposome containing GA modified phosphatidylcholine lipid (GA-PC Lip) and determine its susceptibility to tumor over-expressed secretory phospholipase A (sPLA) and its anti-cancer effect compared to conventional liposomes (Convention Lip). The liposomes were characterized for size, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and stability. A 6-CF release assay was conducted to assess the sensitivity of the liposomes to the tumor-overexpressed secretory phospholipase A (sPLA).

Respiratory complex I-mediated NAD regeneration regulates cancer cell proliferation through the transcriptional and translational control of p21 expression by SIRT3 and SIRT7.

The role of the electron transport chain (ETC) in cell proliferation control beyond its crucial function in supporting ATP generation has recently emerged. In this study, we found that, among the four ETC complexes, the complex I (CI)-mediated NAD regeneration is important for cancer cell proliferation. In cancer cells, a decrease in CI activity by RNA interference (RNAi) against NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit V1 (NDUFV1) arrested the cell cycle at the G/S phase, accompanying upregulation of p21 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor expression.