Advancement in the Nose-to-Brain Drug delivery of FDA-approved drugs for the better management of Depression and Psychiatric disorders.

The Prevalence of Depressive and Psychiatric disorders is increasing globally, and despite the availability of numerous FDA-approved drugs, treatment remains challenging. Many conventional antidepressants and antipsychotic formulations face issues such as low solubility, high first-pass metabolism, poor bioavailability, inadequate blood-brain barrier penetration, and systemic side effects. These challenges lead to reduced efficacy, slower onset of action, and decreased patient adherence to treatment.

Application of graph neural network in computational heterogeneous catalysis.

Heterogeneous catalysis, as a key technology in modern chemical industries, plays a vital role in social progress and economic development. However, its complex reaction process poses challenges to theoretical research. Graph neural networks (GNNs) are gradually becoming a key tool in this field as they can intrinsically learn atomic representation and consider connection relationship, making them naturally applicable to atomic and molecular systems.

A dye-decolorizing peroxidase from Vibrio cholerae can demetallate heme.

Iron is an essential element for bacterial survival. Bacterial pathogens have therefore developed methods to obtain iron. Vibrio cholerae, the intestinal pathogen that causes cholera, utilizes heme as an iron source.

Encasing Triaryltriazine with a Bulky Chiral Cap: Luminescent Chiral Crystalline Molecular Rotors with Modulation of Solid-State Chiroptical Properties Mediated by Molecular Rotation.

A novel structural motif for luminescent chiral crystalline molecular rotors with chiroptical properties correlated with the rotational motion in crystalline media is presented. This scaffold incorporates bulky chiral caps consisting of a homochiral binaphthyl moiety with a triisopropylsilyl (TIPS) group into triaryltriazine, as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Variable-temperature solid-state H NMR studies revealed a 4-fold rotation of the phenylenes occurred in the rotor crystal between 263 and 333 K, while a steric rotor analogue shows no rotational motion.

Polydopamine-Mediated Antimicrobial Lipopeptide Surface Coating for Medical Devices.

Biofilm formation on medical implants such as catheters is a major issue which needs to be addressed as it leads to severe health care associated infections. This study explored the design and synthesis of a polydopamine-lipopeptide based antimicrobial coating. The coating was used to modify the surface of Ultrathane Catheters.

Controlled Synthesis of Graphdiyne-Based Multiscale Catalysts for Energy Conversion.

Graphdiyne (GDY) science is a new and rapidly developing interdisciplinary field that touches on various areas of chemistry, physics, information science, material science, life science, environmental science, and so on. The rapid development of GDY science is part of the trend in development of carbon materials. GDY, with its unique structure and fascinating properties, has greatly promoted fundamental research toward practical applications of carbon materials.

Photophysics of Nitro-Substituted Unnatural Nucleic Acid Base.

The unnatural nucleic acid base (uNAB), 6-amino-3-methyl-5-nitropyridin-2(1H)one, often referred to as can form a base pair with the uNAB 2-aminoimidazo[1,2-]-1,3,5-triazin-4(8H)-one (referred to as P) and is analogous to a guanine-cytosine (G-C) pair. However, it is well-known that the nonradiative decay pathway of the P-Z pair is significantly different from that of the G-C pair (Cui et al., , , 605117-605125).

Self-cleaning electrode for stable synthesis of alkaline-earth metal peroxides.

Alkaline-earth metal peroxides (MO, M = Ca, Sr, Ba) represent a category of versatile and clean solid oxidizers, while the synthesis process usually consumes excessive hydrogen peroxide (HO). Here we discover that HO synthesized via two-electron electrochemical oxygen reduction (2e ORR) on the electrode surface can be efficiently and durably consumed to produce high-purity MO in an alkaline environment. The crucial factor lies in the in-time detachment of in situ-generated MO from the self-cleaning electrode, where the solid products spontaneously detach from the electrode to solve the block issue.

Corrolato(oxo)antimony(V) Dimer with Hydrogen-Bond Donor Groups in Secondary Coordination Sphere as a Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

The focus is on developing alternative molecular catalysts using main-group elements and implementing strategic improvements for sustainable hydrogen production. For this purpose, a FB corrole with a (2-(2-((4-methylphenyl)sulfonamido)ethoxy)phenyl) group inserted into the position (C-10) of the corrole, along with its high-valent (corrolato)(oxo)antimony(V) dimer, was synthesized. In the crystal structure analysis of the FB corrole and the (corrolato)(oxo)antimony(V) dimer complex, it was noted that the sulfonamido group in the ligand periphery sits atop the corrole ring.

Low-valent germanium and tin hydrides as catalysts for hydroboration, hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of heterocumulenes.

The low-valent germanium and tin hydrides, [LMH; L = {(ArHN)(ArN)-CN-C(NAr)(NHAr); Ar = 2,6-Et-CH}; M = Ge; (Ge-1), Sn (Sn-2)] bearing bis-guanidinato anions are employed as catalysts for chemoselective reduction of heterocumulenes hydroboration reactions. This protocol demonstrates that a wide range of carbodiimides (CDI), isocyanates, isothiocyanates, and isoselenocyanates undergo partial reduction, yielding the corresponding -boryl formamidine, -boryl formamide, -boryl thioformamide, and -boryl selenoformamide products, respectively. Isocyanates and isothiocyanates are further converted into -boryl methyl amines through hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reactions in the presence of catalyst Ge-1.

Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity and Bioassay-Guided Isolation of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors from Bark (Myristicaceae).

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition brought on by aging and characterised by progressive decline in cognitive function and abnormalities in the central cholnergic system. -amyloid deposits, neurofibril tangle aggregation, oxidative stress or reduced level of acetylcholine are a few causes that have been linked to AD. In this study, the bioassay-guided isolation from ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of bark led to the isolation of nine compounds namely, 16-phenylhexadecanoic acid (), undecylbenzene (), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (), dodecanoic acid (), tetradecanoic acid (), pentadecanoic acid (), 1-tridecene (), stigmasterol () and trimyristin ().

Tirzepatide, GIP(1-42) and GIP(1-30) display unique signaling profiles at two common GIP receptor variants, E354 and Q354.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are prevalent metabolic disorders affecting millions of individuals worldwide. A new effective therapeutic drug called tirzepatide for the treatment of obesity and T2D is a dual agonist of the GIP receptor and GLP-1 receptor. Tirzepatide is clinically more effective than GLP-1 receptor agonists but the reasons why are not well understood.

Chain-Like Pentanuclear Complexes: Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Long-Range Electronic Interactions of Cyanido-Bridged MRu (M=Fe, Ru).

In this work, we report the design and synthesis of two chain-like pentanuclear cyanido-bridged complexes trans-[Ru(bpy)(μ-CN)][cis-Ru(bpy)(μ-NC)M(dppe)Cp*][PF] (M=Fe, 1; M=Ru, 2) and the electronic communication properties of their oxidized products 1 (m=6, 7, 8) and 2 (n=5, 6, 7, 8). The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of 1 (m=4, 6, 7) and 2 show that 1 and 2 possess a Z-type array structure, 1 is a U-type one, and 1 exhibits both the types. The investigations indicate that both 1 and 2 show an extraordinarily strong electronic interaction between the two side Ru across the central NC-Ru-CN, leading to the formation of a fully delocalized cyanidometal Ru-Ru-Ru bridge for both three-electron oxidized states 1 and 2.

Rational design of adjuvants boosts cancer vaccines.

Cancer vaccines are expected to be next breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy. In cancer vaccines, adjuvants play an important role by enhancing and reshaping tumor antigen-specific immune responses. Failures in previous cancer vaccine clinical trials can be attributed to inappropriate selection and design of tumor antigens and adjuvants.

Safe subdural administration and retention of a neurotrophin-3-delivering hydrogel in a rat model of spinal cord injury.

Neurotrophic growth factor (GF) loaded hydrogels have shown promise as a treatment approach for spinal cord injury (SCI). However, SCI presents complex challenges for the direct administration of treatment due to the spinal cord's intricate anatomy and highly sensitive environment. Many current hydrogel administration approaches overlook this complexity, limiting their translational potential.

Nickel Catalyzed Aryl-Aryl Bridging C-N Bond Activation of 2-Pyridylpyridones and 6-Purinylpyridones.

A Ni-catalyzed C-N bond activation of 2-pyridylpyridone and 1-(9-alkyl 9-purin-6-yl)pyridin-2(1)-one and coupling with arylboronic acid have been achieved. A unique feature of this reaction is the strategic activation of the bridging C-N bond and replacement of the pyridone unit with aryl groups using nickel catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling. This provides an exciting new tool to build C-C bonds in the place of pyridones.

In situ decorated pd NPs on Triazin-encapsulated FeO/SiO-NH as magnetic catalyst for the synthesis of diaryl ethers and oxidation of sulfides.

This article is devoted to the synthesis of a new magnetic palladium catalyst that has been immobilized on A-TT-Pd coated-magnetic FeO nanoparticles. Such surface functionalization of magnetic particles is a promising method to bridge the gap between heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis approaches. The structure, morphology, and physicochemical properties of the particles were characterized through different analytical techniques, including TEM, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, TGA-DTG, ICP, and VSM techniques.

Mechanistic study of a low-power bacterial maintenance state using high-throughput electrochemistry.

Mechanistic studies of life's lower metabolic limits have been limited due to a paucity of tractable experimental systems. Here, we show that redox-cycling of phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa supports cellular maintenance in the absence of growth with a low mass-specific metabolic rate of 8.7 × 10 W (g C) at 25°C.

Redox factors in the antioxidant activity of nitroxides toward DNA guanyl and 2-deoxyribose-peroxyl radicals.

A series of eight nitroxide compounds (four substituted piperidines, three pyrrolidines and one oxo-piperidine) are found to undergo electron transfer to 2'-deoxyribose-peroxyl and the guanyl radical. One-electron oxidation potentials of the nitroxides to oxoammonium cations (oxoammonium reduction potential), , have been measured against a common redox indicator, chlorpromazine, and found to span the range 751 ± 15 mV to 973 ± 15 mV. Fast chemical reduction of the 2'-deoxyribose-peroxyl radical to the hydroperoxide, generated by OH radical attack on 2-deoxyribose, dR, in oxygenated aqueous solution, is a redox-dependent reaction, with rate constants of 0.

Friction-reduction effect of the hierarchical surface microstructure of carrion beetle by controlling the real contact area.

The discovery and elucidation of the surface microstructure functions of living organisms are crucial to resolving issues, such as friction. We newly discovered that , a type of carrion beetle that lives on the ground surface, exhibited a hierarchical surface microstructure comprising a submicron-sized wrinkle structure on top of a micron-sized microstructure. The surface microstructure of this beetle improved wettability but did not exhibit superhydrophobicity, a well-known function of hierarchical structures, so it was expected to have a different function.

Aminopeptidase A: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Hypertension Management.

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is crucial for regulating and understanding the pathophysiology of hypertension. However, there has been little focus on the breakdown of the active peptide, angiotensin II (AngII). Given that animals lacking aminopeptidase A (APA) exhibit hypertension, it may be concluded that APA is a crucial enzyme in regulating blood pressure by breaking down AngII.

Enhanced Singlet Oxygen Generation in Aggregates of Naphthalene-Fused BODIPY and Its Application in Photodynamic Therapy.

Several reports are available on aggregation-induced emission and its applications in biomedical imaging and other material sciences. However, enhancement of singlet oxygen generation in nanoaggregates is rarely reported. Here, we report the synthesis of , which absorbs at 661 nm (monomer) with a high molar absorption coefficient.