Reptile and Amphibian Gastroenterology.

Reptile and amphibian veterinarians are frequently presented with patients exhibiting clinical signs suggestive of gastrointestinal (GI) disease. Understanding the normal structure and function of the GI tract is essential to aid appropriate diagnosis. This article will concentrate on the approach to a patient with GI signs and the problems affecting the GI tract from the esophagus to the colon.

Stochastic simulation modeling of the economics of providing additional living space for housed dairy cows.

The housed environment for dairy cattle is of critical importance to their health, wellbeing, and productivity. Lack of space is an important factor for housing quality assessment due to links with increased likelihood of disease. A recently published randomized controlled trial identified that greater living space provision increased lying time, milk volume production, and also increased time to conception.

'Implementation of bio…what?' Farm workers' subjectivities in Spanish dairy cattle farms through an ethnographic approach.

This study explores the implementation of biosecurity measures by farm workers through daily work routines on dairy cattle farms in Spain. The implementation of biosecurity measures on dairy cattle farms is mainly decided by farmers and veterinarians, but it is carried out by both farmers and farm workers. However, farm workers may be affected by socio-employment factors such as the precariousness of their work such that implementation of biosecurity measures may be context dependent and may differ from official recommendations.

Draft genomes of two contemporary strains of .

, major cause of bovine babesiosis with zoonotic potential, was analyzed through genomes Bdiv23B and Bdiv24B following Illumina sequencing of DNA extracted from PCR-positive cattle blood. The genomes comprised 3888 and 4032 predicted coding sequences, respectively, comparable to the reference genome, Rouen 1987, highlighting genomic consistency across isolates.

A novel single-tube LAMP-CRISPR/Cas12b method for rapid and visual detection of zoonotic Toxoplasma gondii in the environment.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii oocysts, excreted in cat feces, pose a significant health risk to humans through contaminated soil and water. Rapid and accurate detection of T. gondii in environmental samples is essential for public health protection.

Possible sinoatrial node dysfunction in a 6-month-old domestic shorthair cat.

Case Summary: A 6-month-old male entire domestic shorthair cat was presented to the ophthalmology department for nasolacrimal duct cannulation and flushing, and castration under general anaesthesia. On pre-anaesthetic assessment, the cat had a heart rate of 90 beats/min (bpm). Clinical examination was unremarkable, although the cat appeared stressed.

Understanding veterinary practitioners' responses to adverse events using a combined grounded theory and netnographic natural language processing approach.

Support that mitigates the detrimental impact of adverse events on human healthcare practitioners is underpinned by an understanding of their experiences. This study used a mixed methods approach to understand veterinary practitioners' responses to adverse events. 12 focus groups and 20 interviews with veterinary practitioners were conducted and analysed using grounded theory principles.

Using Oscillation to Improve the Insertion Depth and Consistency of Hollow Microneedles for Transdermal Insulin Delivery with Mechanistic Insights.

Microneedles (MNs) offer the potential for discrete and painless transdermal drug delivery, yet poor insertion and dosing consistency have hindered their clinical translation. Specifically, hollow MNs are appropriate for the administration of liquid modalities, including insulin, which could prove to be beneficial for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. This work aimed to design and manufacture a hollow MN with an improved insertion and delivery profile suitable for insulin administration.

'Part of the team as opposed to watching from the outside': Critical incident study of autistic veterinary surgeons' workdays.

Background: Autistic individuals experience differences in sensory processing, communication and executive function, which may affect their experience of the workplace. We investigated UK-based autistic clinical veterinary surgeons' experiences to establish contributing factors to a good or difficult workday.

Methods: Purposive sampling was used to conduct semi-structured qualitative interviews with 15 autistic veterinary surgeons.

Communication skills influence horse owners' trust in their equine veterinarians.

Background: Trust is an essential component of the relationship between veterinarians and horse owners. To what extent do horse owners consider their vets to be trustworthy, what aspects are important to horse owners when evaluating their vet's trustworthiness and how can equine vets become more trusted?

Methods: Using an anonymous online survey, we asked horse owners whether they consider their veterinarians to be credible, reliable, empathetic and self-orientated, and therefore trustworthy compared with other professionals. Which of their equine vet's characteristics and behaviours influence how credible, reliable, empathetic and self-orientated, and therefore trustworthy, they appear? Credibility, reliability, empathy and self-orientation scores for equine veterinarians, human medical general practitioners (GPs), hairdressers/barbers and dentists were compared using a Kruskal‒Wallis H-test and post hoc Dunn's test and then combined to create a trustworthiness rating.

Incidence of puerperal metritis and associated risk factors in dairy cows in Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia.

Metritis has considerable economic impact on dairy herd profitability due largely to reduced reproductive performance. Studies in Ethiopia only report prevalence, with no available data on the incidence of metritis. The present prospective cohort study aimed to estimate the incidence of puerperal metritis, identify risk factors, and isolate the causative bacteria in dairy cows in Hawassa.

PIMMS-Dash: Accessible analysis, interrogation, and visualisation of high-throughput transposon insertion sequencing (TIS) data.

Motivation: Current methods for visualising and interrogating high-throughput transposon insertion mutagenesis sequencing (TIS) data requires a significant time investment in learning bioinformatics, often producing static figures that do not facilitate real time analysis.

Summary: We have created an accessible web-based browser tool for visualisation and downstream analysis of high-throughput TIS data results generated by the PIMMS analysis pipeline. This includes multiple interactive and sortable tables to aid the user to identify genes of interest, enabling the user to gain a greater understanding of the genes contributing to fitness in their experimental work.

Predictive Models for the Implementation of Targeted Reproductive Management in Multiparous Cows on Automatic Milking Systems.

Targeted reproductive management (TRM) aims to improve the fertility efficiency of the dairy herd by applying group-level management strategies based on expected reproductive performance. Key to the utility of TRM is the accuracy with which an animal's reproductive performance can be predicted. Automatic milking systems (AMS) allow for the collection of data relating to milk quantity, quality, and robot visit behavior throughout the transition period.

Application of the horse grimace scale in horses with dental disease: Preliminary findings.

Background: Dental disease is a common but often under-recognised condition in horses, possibly due to an inability to recognise clinical signs of oral discomfort. Some dental disorders are reportedly more painful than others, but there is no current metric by which dental pain can be objectively assessed. This study aimed to determine whether a facial expression-based pain scale offered an objective and reliable method for assessing dental pain in horses.

Hydroxyacid Oxidase 1, a Glutamine Metabolism-Associated Protein, Predicts Poor Patient Outcome in Luminal Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BC), which remains the most prevalent malignancy among women, is characterised by significant heterogeneity across its molecular subtypes. Oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) (luminal) BC represents approximately 75% of cases, and despite advancements in treatment there remains around a 40% recurrence rate. Cellular uptake of glutamine is conducted by solute carriers (SLCs), which are significantly associated with outcome in luminal BC.

Effect of Simple Oral Dental Extraction on Systemic Serum Amyloid A Concentrations in Horses.

Background: The translocation of gingival commensals resulting in measurable systemic inflammation has been described in humans and non-equine veterinary species with dental disorders, particularly periodontal disease. Routine odontoplasty does not result in increased serum amyloid A (SAA) concentration in horses, but a measurable increase in SAA concentration in horses undergoing dental extractions could suggest that local inflammation resulting from more severe dental disease has potential for wider, systemic consequences that warrants further study.

Objectives: To determine whether SAA increases in horses undergoing simple, oral extraction of non-fractured cheek teeth with and without periodontal disease.

Support for Neurodivergent Students in Veterinary Education Part 1: Current Practice and Roundtable Discussion of Recommendations.

Approximately 10% of undergraduate student populations are neurodivergent. Such students have differences in executive functioning and social communication skills, which can confer both strengths and challenges in the academic environment. Specific challenges presenting in the veterinary curriculum include the intense workload, unpredictable nature of work, and high level of interpersonal and communication skills required in clinical settings.

The role of mesenchymal cells in cholangiocarcinoma.

The tumour microenvironment (TME) significantly influences tumour formation and progression through dynamic interactions. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a highly desmoplastic tumour, lacks early diagnostic biomarkers and has limited effective treatments owing to incomplete understanding of its molecular pathogenesis. Investigating the role of the TME in CCA progression could lead to better therapies.