Discovering Subtypes with Imaging Signatures in the Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome Consortium using Weakly-Supervised Clustering.

Introduction: Understanding the heterogeneity of brain structure in individuals with the Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome (MCR) may improve the current risk assessments of dementia.

Methods: We used data from 6 cohorts from the (N=1987). A weakly-supervised clustering algorithm called HYDRA was applied to volumetric MRI measures to identify distinct subgroups in the population with gait speeds lower than one standard deviation (1SD) above mean.

Perceived clinician stigma and its impact on eating disorder treatment experiences: a systematic review of the lived experience literature.

Objective: This systematic review examines the literature regarding perceived clinician stigma and treatment experiences of adult patients with eating disorders, emphasising lived experience perspectives.

Method: A systematic search was conducted across MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [CENTRAL] to identify studies published from 1 January 2000 until 24 March 2024 that explored patient experiences of clinician attitudes and behaviours in eating disorder treatment. Eligible studies included those reporting on perceived clinician stigma and impacts on treatment outcomes.

Evidence Synthesis and Clinical Recommendations for Supporting School Students With Sensory Processing Challenges: A Rapid Review.

Importance: Children with sensory processing challenges often need supports to access, participate in, and achieve at school. However, research on best practice is varied, presenting difficulty for practitioners to assess the appropriateness of each support.

Objective: To provide evidence-informed recommendations regarding best practices in school-based supports for students with sensory processing challenges via a Rapid Evidence Assessment of current literature.

Subungual Acantholytic Dyskeratotic Acanthoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Subungual acantholytic dyskeratotic acanthoma is a rare benign tumor of epidermal keratinocytes characterized by acantholysis and dyskeratosis. Only 7 other cases have been published in the literature.

Case Presentation: A 29-year-old male presented with painful erythronychia and onycholysis of the left thumbnail.

Longitudinal objective assessment of speech in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Remote objective tests may supplement in-clinic examination to better inform treatment decisions. Previous cross-sectional studies presented objective speech metrics as potential markers of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) disease progression.

Objective: To examine the short-term stability and long-term sensitivity of speech metrics to MS progression.

An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Unimodal Prehabilitation with Exercise Intervention to Enhance Postoperative Outcomes in Cancer Surgery.

Background: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to update the body of evidence on the efficacy of prehabilitation with exercise interventions, in reducing postoperative complications and length of hospital stay after cancer surgery.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, AMED, and PsycINFO to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the impact of prehabilitation with exercise interventions for patients undergoing cancer surgery. Primary and secondary outcomes assessed were postoperative complications and length of hospital stay, respectively.

Interactions between muscle volume and body mass index on brain structure in the UK Biobank.

Background: Low skeletal muscle volume may increase dementia risk through mechanisms affecting brain structure. However, it is unclear whether this relationship exists outside of sarcopenia and/or varies by other factors. We aimed to study the interplay between skeletal muscle volume and factors, such as age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), in explaining brain structure at midlife in a cohort without sarcopenia.

Realtime physical simulator for virtual reality sailing by patients with spinal cord injury: an innovative voyage.

Background: The aim of this study was to explore whether sail training using a VSail® simulator would allow people with spinal cord injuries (SCI) to learn to sail in a safe controlled environment and then sail competently on the water in wind of moderate strength (12 knots). A battery of physical tests and questionnaires was used to evaluate possible improvements in health and well-being as a consequence of participation in the trial.

Methods: Twenty participants were recruited with the assistance of their physicians from The International Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Kennedy Krieger Institute.

The epithelial barrier theory and its associated diseases.

The prevalence of many chronic noncommunicable diseases has been steadily rising over the past six decades. During this time, over 350,000 new chemical substances have been introduced to the lives of humans. In recent years, the epithelial barrier theory came to light explaining the growing prevalence and exacerbations of these diseases worldwide.

Stellabody: A novel hexamer-promoting mutation for improved IgG potency.

Advances in antibody engineering are being directed at the development of next generation immunotherapeutics with improved potency. Hexamerisation of IgG is a normal physiological aspect of IgG biology and recently described mutations that facilitate this process have a substantial impact upon monoclonal antibody behavior resulting in the elicitation of dramatically enhanced complement-dependent cytotoxicity, Fc receptor function, and enhanced antigen binding effects, such as targeted receptor agonism or microbe neutralization. Whereas the discovery of IgG hexamerisation enhancing mutations has largely focused on residues with exposure at the surface of the Fc-Fc and CH2-CH3 interfaces, our unique approach is the engineering of the mostly buried residue H429 in the CH3 domain.

Determinants and prediction of hypertension among Chinese middle-aged and elderly adults with diabetes: A machine learning approach.

Objective: Multimorbidity, particularly diabetes combined with hypertension (DCH), is a significant public health concern. Currently, there is a gap in research utilizing machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict hypertension risk in Chinese middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients, and gender differences in DCH comorbidity patterns remain unclear. We aimed to use ML algorithms to predict DCH and identify its determinants among middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients in China.

Engineering Hyperechogenic Colloids with Clot-Targeting Capabilities from Platelet-Derived Membranes.

Thrombosis-related cardiovascular diseases remain the leading global cause of mortality and morbidity. In this study, we present a pioneering approach in the field of nanobiotechnology, with a focus on clinical translation, aimed at advancing early diagnosis and enhancing treatment options for thrombotic disorders. We introduce the fabrication of Platelet Membrane-Derived Bubbles (PMBs), which exhibit distinctive characteristics compared to conventional nanoparticles.

Establishing the TSH reference intervals for healthy adults aged over 70 years: the Australian ASPREE cohort study.

Objectives: As thyroid disorders are common amongst the elderly, this study aims to evaluate the reference interval (RI) for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in healthy adults aged 70 years and over.

Methods: A proposed RI was determined from the Australian participants of the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) randomised trial. Participants had no history of cardiovascular disease, thyroid cancer, dementia, or life-threatening illnesses.

An Atypical Presentation of Parvovirus B19 Arthritis.

It is well established that acute parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection in adults is associated with peripheral inflammatory arthritis. Joint involvement is usually symmetric and acute, most commonly involving the knees, feet, wrists, and small joints of the hands..