Effect of microencapsulated Fiber2-displaying probiotics loaded with inulin nanoparticles on immunity against fowl adenovirus serotype 4 in chickens.

In this study, phthalate inulin nanoparticles (PINs) were chemically modified and characterized. The internalization of PINs into the probiotic E. faecalis, which delivering Fiber2 protein of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), was investigated.

Phthalates in the environment of China: A scoping review of distribution, anthropogenic impact, and degradation based on meta-analysis.

Phthalates (PAEs) are a group of endocrine-disrupting environmental chemicals (EEDs) that pose significant risks to human health. PAEs are widespread in various environmental media, including air, dust, water, and soil, and are subject to both horizontal and vertical migration. Human activities significantly influence the distribution of PAEs, yet current research on this relationship remains limited.

Cross-center Model Adaptive Tooth segmentation.

Automatic 3-dimensional tooth segmentation on intraoral scans (IOS) plays a pivotal role in computer-aided orthodontic treatments. In practice, deploying existing well-trained models to different medical centers suffers from two main problems: (1) the data distribution shifts between existing and new centers, which causes significant performance degradation. (2) The data in the existing center(s) is usually not permitted to be shared, and annotating additional data in the new center(s) is time-consuming and expensive, thus making re-training or fine-tuning unfeasible.

Impact of thermal exposure on deciduous teeth: A comparative analysis with permanent teeth.

Children are particularly vulnerable to fatalities from fire incidents, and the crucial role of dentition in the identification processes is well known. Despite this, research on burned deciduous teeth is lacking, often assuming similarities with burned permanent teeth, disregarding their morphological and chemical distinctions. This goal of this study was to investigate the effect of burning on deciduous teeth, focusing on post-burning tooth color assessment.

Race and Gender Bias in Narrative Letters of Recommendation for Plastic Surgery Residency Applicants.

Introduction: It has been previously shown that gender bias exists in standardized letters of recommendation for plastic surgery residency. However, similar analysis has not been conducted for narrative letters of recommendation (NLORs). Therefore, this study aims to determine if there exists linguistic bias in NLORs for plastic surgery residency based on applicants' and writers' gender and race.

Home Medication Regimen Complexity in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Oncology Patients.

Background: Parents of children newly diagnosed with cancer require specialized education to provide care for their child at home, including the management of complex medication regimens.

Objective: To assess the complexity of home medication regimens in a cohort of newly diagnosed pediatric oncology patients.

Methods: We inventoried and categorized all discharge medications for each patient and used the Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) to quantify the complexity of the prescribed medication regimens.

Evaluation of Invisalign Wear Protocol on the Efficacy of Tooth Movement in Four First-Premolar Extraction in Adolescent Patients: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: Different protocols exist regarding wear time of invisible aligners. There is no study that compared the effect of different protocols. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Invisalign aligners in four first-premolar extraction treatments in adolescents using three aligner wear protocols, every 7, 10 and 14 days.

MicroRNA-mediated Ets1 repression in retinal endothelial cells: A novel anti-angiogenic mechanism in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Aims: This study aimed to discover the regulatory mechanisms contributing to angiogenesis in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR).

Materials And Methods: This study employed a case-control design involving type 2 diabetes patients with and without NPDR. We utilised microRNA sequencing to analyse plasma and retina samples from T2D patients, to identify both existing and novel microRNAs relevant to retinal health.

Budesonide, Added to PTCy-Based Regimen, for Prevention of Acute GI GVHD After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Oral budesonide exerts local effects with negligible systemic glucocorticoid activity, due to rapid first-pass metabolism, therefore, could potentially be efficacious in preventing gastrointestinal (GI) acute GVHD (aGVHD). We explored the use of budesonide, added to posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy), tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil, for prevention of GI aGVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) in a prospective observational study and treated 80 patients with a median age of 53 years (range 19-74). Results were compared with a publicly available CIBMTR dataset of 646 patients who received PTCy-based GVHD prophylaxis (CIBMTR Study # GV17-02) (control).

A Nomogram to Predict Mortality in Patients With Severe Oral and Maxillofacial Space Infections.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the risk factors for death in extremely severe oral and maxillofacial space infection (OMSI) patients and to use these findings to establish a nomogram model that can be used to predict individual patient prognosis.

Methods: Patients with extremely severe OMSI seen between 2020 and 2024 were enrolled (N = 102). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse the associations between clinical factors and the risk of death, and a nomogram was developed to visualise the model.

Current Real-World Status of Off-Label Under- and Over-Dose of Direct Oral Anticoagulants After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.

Background: Off-label under- and overdosing of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is not uncommon in real-world practice.

Objective: This study aimed to identify efficacy and safety of off-label DOACs dose after AF ablation.

Methods: The RYOUMA registry was a prospective multicenter study of Japanese patients who underwent AF ablation between 2017 and 2018.

pulmonary disease with organizing pneumonia: A case report and review of literature.

, a rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium, rarely causes pulmonary diseases. A patient was admitted to our hospital with a fever and cough. Chest radiography revealed consolidation in the right middle lung.

An overview of artificial intelligence based automated diagnosis in paediatric dentistry.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science with the goal of creating intelligent machines (1) Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence. In machine learning a datasets are used for training diagnostic algorithms. This review comprehensively explains the applications of AI in the diagnosis in paediatric dentistry.

An experimental chimeric hepatitis E virus vaccine elicits both local and systemic immune responses.

Introduction: The development of a hepatitis E virus (HEV) vaccine is critical, with ORF2 capsid protein as the main target. We previously demonstrated that oral coadministration of recombinant ORF2 with immunomodulatory bacterium-like-particles (IBLP) induces a specific immune response in mice, particularly using IBLP derived from IBL027 (IBLP027), which was effective in eliciting a local humoral response. IBLP are non-live bacteria with adjuvant and carrier properties, serving as a platform for exposing proteins or antigens fused to LysM (lysine motif) domains, protein modules that bind to cell wall polysaccharides like peptidoglycan.

haploinsufficiency in a mother-daughter pair with young-onset diabetes with and without neonatal hypoglycemia.

The ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily C member 8 (ABCC8) regulates insulin secretion from β-cells. Loss- and gain-of-function variants of have been implicated in neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and young-onset diabetes, respectively. Although some patients with variants have been reported to exhibit both neonatal hypoglycemia and young-onset diabetes, the molecular and clinical characteristics of this atypical phenotype remain unknown.

Denture use and a slower rate of cognitive decline among older adults with partial tooth loss in China: A 10-year prospective cohort study.

Objective: Denture use has been shown to improve nutritional intake and diet quality in people with tooth loss. Despite evidence linking tooth loss and dementia, few studies have examined the association between denture use and cognitive decline. We investigated the relationship between denture use and cognitive decline among Chinese older adults with tooth loss.

Rhythm Control Better Prevents Stroke than Rate Control in Patients with Concomitant Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide Population Based Cohort Study with Long-Term Follow-Up.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risks of stroke and mortality. It remains unclear whether rhythm control reduces the risk of stroke in patients with AF concomitant with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Methods: We identified AF patients with HCM who were ≥ 18 years old in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database.

Association between chronic diseases and severe periodontal disease progression: A retrospective cohort study in a city of Japan.

Background: Chronic periodontal disease primarily causes tooth loss and oral frailty and is linked to chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus. However, its progression and broader studies on chronic diseases have not been well explored. This study aimed to investigate this association using claims data.

Advances in subpopulation separation and detection of extracellular vesicles: for liquid biopsy and downstream research.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are carriers of a diverse array of bioactive molecules, making them valuable clinical tools for liquid biopsy in disease diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. These molecules play critical roles in various physiological and pathological conditions, and effective separation of EVs is essential to achieve these objectives. Due to the high heterogeneity of EVs, particularly with regard to their cargo molecules, merely isolating the general EV population is inadequate for liquid biopsy and biological function studies.

Clinical-grade human dental pulp stem cells improve adult hippocampal neural regeneration and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease.

Disrupted hippocampal functions and progressive neuronal loss represent significant challenges in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). How to achieve the improvement of pathological progression and effective neural regeneration to ameliorate the intracerebral dysfunctional environment and cognitive impairment is the goal of the current AD therapy. We examined the therapeutic potential of clinical-grade human derived dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in cognitive function and neuropathology in AD.

Compounded glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight loss: the direct-to-consumer market in Colorado.

Background: High prices and other access barriers have contributed to the rise of a market for compounded glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight loss in the United States. This market has not been systematically studied. We conducted a pilot study to assess the prevalence, characteristics, and advertising content of direct-to-consumer providers of compounded glucagon-like peptide-1 products for weight loss in Colorado.

Associations Between Socioeconomic, Spatial and Educational Factors and Midlife Periodontal Disease Risk: Evidence From 'High School and Beyond'.

Background: Periodontal disease (PD) is a prevalent, preventable and treatable oral infection associated with substantial morbidity globally. There is little information from population-representative cohort studies about the sociodemographic, educational and other early life factors that stratify PD risk.

Methods: We used data from the U.

Expression of vesiculation-related genes is associated with a tumor-promoting microenvironment: a pan-cancer analysis.

Background: Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) released by tumor cells (tumor-derived sEV; TEX) mediate intercellular communication between tumor and non-malignant cells and were shown to impact disease progression. This study investigates the relationship between the expression levels of the vesiculation-related genes linked to sEV production and the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Methods: Two independent gene sets were analyzed, both previously linked to sEV production in various non-malignant or malignant cells.

Evaluating the Anti-inflammatory Potential of JN-KI3: The Therapeutic Role of PI3Kγ-Selective Inhibitors in Asthma Treatment.

Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by the involvement of numerous inflammatory cells and factors. Therefore, targeting airway inflammation is one of the crucial strategies for developing novel drugs in the treatment of asthma. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) has been demonstrated to have a significant impact on inflammation and immune responses, thus emerging as a promising therapeutic target for airway inflammatory disease, including asthma.