Understanding the scale and nature of avoidable healthcare-associated harm for prisoners in England: protocol for a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Around 1 in 20 patients experience avoidable healthcare-associated harm worldwide. Despite longstanding concerns, there is insufficient information available about the safety of healthcare for prisoners. To address this, this study will investigate the scale and nature of avoidable healthcare-associated harm for prisoners in England.

Phytochemical Profiling and Biological Activities of Nigella sativa Vinegar Extract: An Insight Into Hypoglycemic Potential Using In Vivo and In Silico Studies.

The current study was conducted to characterize the vinegar extract of Nigella sativa and evaluate its biological activities using in vitro and in vivo studies. The N. sativa extract (NSE) was prepared by macerating seeds in a mixture of water and synthetic vinegar (1:10).

Protective and risk factors of anxiety in children and adolescents during COVID-19: A systematic review and three level meta-analysis.

Background: In order to gain a deepened understanding of the impact of public health emergency and to develop effective interventions and preventions, this study aimed to evaluate risk and protective factors associated with anxiety in children and adolescents and to explore potential moderators in the background of COVID-19 within the framework of socio-ecological model.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Emerald, and CNKI for studies published from early 2020 to early 2023 that examined factors associated with anxiety among children and adolescents with age range of 6 to 17 years old. Random effects models and a three-level meta-analytic approach were used.

Engaging and supporting young adults in smoking cessation: Insights from a mobile-based cessation program in China.

Objective: Evidence-based smoking cessation treatments are underutilized by young adult smokers. This study explored young smokers' experiences with a mobile-based smoking cessation program that included a Quit & Win contest at a university in Zhuhai, China, aiming to identify key engagement and cessation mechanisms.

Methods: Twenty participants (aged 18-25 years) were selected through purposive sampling.

The effects of climate change on mental health and psychological well-being: Impacts and priority actions.

Climate anxiety has a negative impact on the mental health and psychological well-being of the vulnerable population. The goal is to assess many factors that affect mental health and psychological well-being, as well as how climate change affects mental health in Pakistan's vulnerable population. This study provides evidence-based insights into the long- and medium-term impacts of extreme weather events on mental health.

Identifying the Black Country's Top Mental Health Research Priorities Using a Collaborative Workshop Approach: Community Connexions.

The Black Country (BC) is an area of the United Kingdom covering Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall, and Wolverhampton. The area is ethnically, culturally and religiously diverse. One-fifth of the total population is in the lowest socioeconomic quintile, with an uneven distribution of wealth.

Examining the Emotional and Physical Health Impact in Users of Open-Source Automated Insulin Delivery and Sources of Support: Qualitative Analysis of Patient Narratives.

Background: Although commercially developed automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have recently been approved and become available in a limited number of countries, they are not universally available, accessible, or affordable. Therefore, open-source AID systems, cocreated by an online community of people with diabetes and their families behind the hashtag #WeAreNotWaiting, have become increasingly popular.

Objective: This study focused on examining the lived experiences, physical and emotional health implications of people with diabetes following the initiation of open-source AID systems, their perceived challenges, and their sources of support, which have not been explored in the existing literature.

Socioeconomic inequalities in depression and the role of job conditions in China.

Background: The rising prevalence of depression in China, coupled with a tightening job market, highlights concern for the workforce's mental health. Although socioeconomic inequalities in depression have been well documented in high-income countries, the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and depression, along with its work-related mediators, has not been sufficiently studied in China.

Methods: The study participants are 6,536 non-agriculturally employed working adults from the 2020 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS).

The impact of university freshmen's mental health on academic performance: an empirical study based on M University in Fujian Province, China.

Objective: To investigate the impact of freshmen's mental health on their short-and long-term academic performance, as well as to provide empirical evidence for improving university students' mental health intervention tactics and higher education quality.

Methods: A multiple regression model was used to analyze student data from 3 years of enrollment at M University in Fujian Province.

Results: Different mental health problems have a significant impact on academic performance, which varies by gender, enrollment year, and subject.

Communion and agency: research on social workers in China.

Communion and agency are two essential dimensions for understanding personality traits. This study comprised 49 in-depth interviews and three focus groups with experienced social workers in China to address the following research questions: (1) What is the orientation of Chinese social workers towards communion and agency? (2) What challenges do they encounter in their daily practice? (3) How do they interpret and utilize agency in coping with these challenges? The findings revealed three main themes: (a) Participants demonstrated a clear preference for communion over agency, reflecting a strong orientation towards social concern; (b) The professional challenges faced by participants varied significantly across career stages, with distinct requirements for agency at each stage; and (c) Participants' understanding of agency was primarily rooted in professional competence. At different career stages, participants displayed varying levels of professional competence and agency, both of which were essential for addressing social concerns and developing strategies for long-term professional survival.

Impact of living arrangements and internet use on the mental health of Chinese older adults.

Introduction: The consequences of aged living arrangements on mental health in the digital age have drawn significant research attention.

Methods: This study used empirical data to analyze the impact of living arrangements on the mental health of older adults by ordinary least squares (OLS) and to examine the moderating effect of Internet use in it through the moderating effect test. A total of 17,243 older adults were included in the analytical model.

Towards a dynamic processual model of psychedelic microdosing.

Background: Existing research highlights an increase in psychedelic microdosing, particularly for therapeutic purposes and as a means for self-enhancement. However, we know little about the different routes into and out of microdosing, particularly by those who do not consume other illicit substances, and of the processes involved in the development, maintenance, and cessation of practices.

Methods: Drawing upon a trans-national interview-based study of 23 participants actively microdosing (n = 19), about to start (n = 3), or who were past users (n = 1), we develop a phased-based analysis of different user pathways.

Population expansion from central plain to northern coastal China inferred from ancient human genomes.

The population history of the northern coastal Chinese is largely unknown due to the lack of ancient human genomes from the Neolithic to historical periods. In this study, we reported 14 newly generated ancient genomes from Linzi, one of China's densely populated and economically prosperous cities from the Zhou to Han Dynasties. The ancient samples in this study were dated to the Warring States period to the Eastern Han Dynasty (∼2,000 BP).

The relationship between educational attainment, lifestyle, self-rated health, and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults: a longitudinal survey from 2012 to 2020.

Education holds significant implications for individual health. This work aims to examine the relationship between educational attainment, lifestyle, self-rated health, and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults. We used China Family Panel Studies data from 2012 to 2020.

Health systems responsiveness towards needs of pregnant women in Vietnam.

Background: Health systems that are responsive to maternal mental health recognise the importance of integrating mental health services into maternal care. Studies from Vietnam have reported particularly high rates of common perinatal mental health disorders (CPMDs) in both rural and urban areas of the country. Despite the increasing burden of maternal mental health conditions, there is currently no guidance on the screening for CPMDs within maternal care, both antenatal and postnatal.

Implications of prenatal exposure to hyperandrogen for hippocampal neurodevelopment and autism-like behavior in offspring.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that significantly jeopardizes the physical and mental well-being of children. Autism spectrum disorder results from a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Hyperandrogenic exposure during pregnancy increases their risk of developing autism.

Experiences and Views of Older Adults of South Asian, Black African, and Caribbean Backgrounds About the Digitalization of Primary Care Services Since the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Focus Group Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic from 2020 to 2022 prompted governments worldwide to enforce lockdowns and social restrictions, alongside the rapid adoption of digital health and care services. However, there are concerns about the potential exclusion of older adults, who face barriers to digital inclusion, such as age, socioeconomic status, literacy level, and ethnicity.

Objective: This study aims to explore the experiences of older adults from the 3 largest minoritized ethnic groups in England and Wales-people of South Asian, Black African, and Caribbean backgrounds-in the use of digitalized primary care services since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The association between delirium and falls in older adults in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Systematically review and critically appraise the evidence for the association between delirium and falls in community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years.

Methods: We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL and Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews databases in April 2023. Standard methods were used to screen, extract data, assess risk of bias (using Newcastle-Ottawa scale), provide a narrative synthesis and, where appropriate, conduct meta-analysis.

Food Choices of Contemporary Cuisine and Traditional Foods: Effects on Family Ties.

Technological advancement has evolved dynamics in the pace of day-to-day life. Economic and social development has introduced new meanings at individual and societal levels. Modernity and development have transformed the social fabric and relationships.

What Obstructs Health Policy Implementation? A Multi-Method Qualitative Case Study of the Delayed Deployment of Community Pharmacies in Ireland's National COVID-19 Vaccination Programme.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were months of delay in deploying community pharmacies for the National COVID-19 Vaccination Programme in Ireland. We aimed to explore what may have accounted for this delay between 15th December 2020 (publication of policies) and 14th June 2021 (commencement of community pharmacy-based vaccination). We carried out a multi-method qualitative case study that involved engaging with 11 stakeholders, reviewing 246 documents, and conducting semi-structured interviews with 11 policy elites.

The effects of image resolution and exposure duration on facial beauty and ugliness evaluations.

The beauty or ugliness of a face is affected by factors such as the resolution of the face image presented on the screen and its exposure duration. The present study investigated the effects of image resolution and exposure duration on the beauty and ugliness evaluations of face images processed with down-sampling and Gaussian blurring. We prepared two types of face images with these blur processing treatments and conducted two experiments to evaluate beauty and ugliness perceptions at various exposure durations.