Toward Understanding Microbial Ecology to Restore a Degraded Ecosystem.

The microbial community plays an important role in maintaining human health, addressing climate change, maintaining environmental quality, etc. High-throughput sequencing leads to the discovery and identification of more microbial community composition and function in diverse ecosystems. Microbiome therapeutics such as fecal microbiota transplantation for human health and bioaugmentation for activated sludge restoration have drawn great attention.

Biofuel Ash Aging in Acidic Environment and Its Influence on Cd Immobilization.

Biofuel ash (BFA), which is the ash generated by biomass combustion in a biomass power plant, can be prepared as a heavy metal immobilizer and have a good immobilization effect on Cd in the soil environment of southern China, but the long-term effects of BFA on Cd immobilization remained unclear. Therefore, research about BFA aging and its influence on Cd immobilization was conducted in the paper. BFA was naturally aged into BFA-Natural aging (BFA-N) in the soil environment of southern China, and to simulate BFA-N, BFA was also artificially acid aged into BFA-Acid aging (BFA-A).

Linking Ecosystem Service Supply and Demand to Evaluate the Ecological Security in the Pearl River Delta Based on the Pressure-State-Response Model.

The increase in population and economic development has made environmental issues more serious and threatens regional ecological security and sustainable development. Currently, most indicators in the related research field of ecological security tend to be socio-economic and neglect depicting the state of the ecosystems. This study, therefore, assessed the ecological security by constructing the evaluation index system embedded in the ecosystem service supply and demand based on the pressure-state-response model and identified the key obstacles to ecological security in the Pearl River Delta from 1990 to 2015.

Polychlorinated Diphenyl Ethers in the Environment: A Review and Future Perspectives.

Polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs) are a class of synthetic halogenated aromatic compounds, which have gradually attracted widespread attention due to potential environmental risks to humans and ecosystems. This paper presents a literature review of research on PCDEs using PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar as search engines/databases with no constraints on publishing year or number. A total of 98 publications on the sources, environmental levels, environmental behavior and fate, synthesis and analysis and toxicology of PCDEs were retrieved.

Enhanced activation of HO by bimetallic CuSnS: A new insight for Cu (II)/Cu (I) redox cycle promotion.

Hypothesis: Despite that the development of CuSnS (CTS) catalyst has attracted increasing interests, few study has reported to investigate its heterogeneous catalytic degradation of organic pollutants in a Fenton-like process. Furthermore, the influence of Sn components towards Cu (II)/Cu (I) redox cycling in CTS catalytic systems remains a fascinating research.

Experiments: In this work, a series of CTS catalysts with controlled crystalline phases were prepared via a microwave-assisted pathway and applied in the HO activation for phenol degradation.

In-situ preparation of yeast-supported Fe@FeO as peroxymonosulfate activator for enhanced degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride.

Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is extensively used as a peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activator but suffers from the ease of oxidation and agglomeration due to its high surface energy and inherent magnetism. Here, green and sustainable yeast was selected as a support material to firstly in-situ prepare yeast-supported Fe@FeO and used for activating PMS to degrade tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH), one of the common antibiotics. Due to the anti-oxidation ability of the FeO shell and the support effect of yeast, the prepared Fe@FeO/YC exhibited a superior catalytic activity for the removal of TCH as well as some other typical refractory contaminants.

Bioenhanced degradation of toluene by layer-by-layer self-assembled silica-based bio-microcapsules.

In this study, micron-sized monodisperse SiO microspheres were used as sacrificial templates, and chitosan/polylactic acid (CTS/PLA) bio-microcapsules were produced using the layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly method. Microcapsules isolate bacteria from their surroundings, forming a separate microenvironment and greatly improving microorganisms' ability to adapt to adverse environmental conditions. Morphology observation indicated that the pie-shaped bio-microcapsules with a certain thickness could be successfully prepared through LBL assembly method.

The efficiency of full-scale subsurface constructed wetlands with high hydraulic loading rates in removing pharmaceutical and personal care products from secondary effluent.

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are usually operated at low hydraulic load rates (HLRs) of < 0.5 m/m/d, and can efficiently remove pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from wastewaters. They however often occupy a large area of land, especially when treating the secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in megacities.

Salt-responsive bermudagrass microRNAs and insights into light reaction photosynthetic performance.

Introduction: Bermudagrass ( L.) is a warm-season grass with high drought and salt tolerance. However, its cultivation as a silage crop is limited by its lower forage value when compared to other C4 crops.

Research on the Optimal Regulation of Sudden Water Pollution.

For the needs of the whole region's emergency regulation of the nullah sudden water pollution event, the emergency regulation strategy of the accident section and upstream and downstream of the sudden water pollution event is studied. For the accident section, the duration of the whole emergency event is calculated using the parameter quantification method; for the upstream of the accident section, the NSGA-II is used to adjust the gate opening to ensure the water level stability of the upstream pools; for the downstream section, the optimized partition method is used to identify the unfavorable pools and close the unfavorable pool to extend the water supply time. Based on the example of an emergency event in the section of the Liyanghe gate-Guyunhe gate of the middle line project, the research results are as follows: the accident section is identified as the Xiaohe gate-Hutuohe gate, the upstream of the accident section is the Liyanghe gate-Xiaohe gate, and the downstream of the accident section is the Hutuohe gate-Gangtou Tunnel gate.

Impacts of garbage classification and disposal on the occurrence of pharmaceutical and personal care products in municipal solid waste leachates: A case study in Shanghai.

Leachate generated during the treatment and disposal of municipal solid wastes (MSWs) can be an important source of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in the environment. With the implementation of garbage classification policy in China, the disposal methods of MSWs have changed, while its impacts on the occurrence of PPCPs in the generated leachate remain unknown. In this study, we investigated 49 target PPCPs in the leachates of classified MSWs, i.

The Precision Defect Engineering with Nonmetallic Element Refilling Strategy in g-C N for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

Traditional defect engineering and doping strategies are considered effective means for improving H evolution, but the uncontrollability of the modification process does not always lead to efficient activity. A defect-induced heteroatom refilling strategy is used here to synthesize heteroatoms introduced carbon nitride by precisely controlling the "introduction" sites on efficient N1 sites. Density functional theory calculations show that the refilling of B, P, and S sites have stronger H O adsorption and dissociation capacity than traditional doping, which makes it an optimal H production path.

Developmental Features, Influencing Factors, and Formation Mechanism of Underground Mining-Induced Ground Fissure Disasters in China: A Review.

Mining-induced ground fissures are one of the major geological disasters affecting coal mines. In recent years, many effective monitoring methods have been developed to explore the developmental characteristics and nature of mining-induced ground fissures for being treated scientifically. This paper is mainly on the development law and mechanism of mining ground fissure research results which have been comprehensively combed, highlighting the development trend, including the formation condition, development features, influencing factors, and mechanical mechanism of mining-induced ground fissures.

Candidate Genes for Salt Tolerance in Forage Sorghum under Saline Conditions from Germination to Harvest Maturity.

To address the plant adaptability of sorghum () in salinity, the research focus should shift from only selecting tolerant varieties to understanding the precise whole-plant genetic coping mechanisms with long-term influence on various phenotypes of interest to expanding salinity, improving water use, and ensuring nutrient use efficiency. In this review, we discovered that multiple genes may play pleiotropic regulatory roles in sorghum germination, growth, and development, salt stress response, forage value, and the web of signaling networks. The conserved domain and gene family analysis reveals a remarkable functional overlap among members of the bHLH (basic helix loop helix), WRKY (WRKY DNA-binding domain), and NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2) superfamilies.

Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons based pollutants in contaminated soil by exogenous effective microorganisms and indigenous microbiome.

Microbial remediation is an eco-friendly and promising approach for the restoration of sites contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs). The degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), semi volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the soil samples collected from a petrochemical site by indigenous microbiome and exogenous microbes (Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 204508/S288c, Candida utilis AS2.281, Rhodotorula benthica CBS9124, Lactobacillus plantarum S1L6, Bacillus thuringiensis GDMCC1.

Evaluation on ventilation and traffic pollutant dispersion in asymmetric street canyons with void decks.

With continuous global warming, growing urban population density, and increasing compactness of urban buildings, the "void deck" street canyon design has become increasingly popular in city planning, especially for urban streets located in tropical areas. Nevertheless, research on traffic pollutant dispersion in street canyons with void decks (VDs) is still at its early stage. This study quantitatively evaluates the effects of void deck height and location on the canyon ventilation and pollutant dispersion in asymmetric street canyons with void decks, and the pollutant exposure risk level for pedestrians and street dwellers.

Effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on microbial diversity in TME and engineered bacterial-mediated tumor therapy.

Tumor microbiota is a group of microorganisms located in tumor tissues with rich diversity that can promote tumorigenesis and development, and different types of tumors have different tumor microbiotas, which has important implications for tumor research, detection, and clinical treatment. In this review, we examine the diversity of the tumor microbiota, discuss the impact of chemotherapy and immunotherapy on tumor microbiota diversity, and summarize recent advances in the use of genetically engineered bacteria for the treatment of tumors. In addition, we propose key questions that need to be further addressed by the tumor microbiota.

Response of microbial community and biological nitrogen removal to the accumulation of nonylphenol in sequencing batch reactor.

Unlabelled: The widespread existence of nonylphenol in the environmental rendered from wastewater discharge has become a growing concern for its endocrine disrupting effects on microorganisms. In this study, the performance of nitrifying and denitrifying microbial community in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was investigated under different nonylphenol concentrations. The SBR was shown to be less effective in nitrogen removal at higher concentration of nonylphenol.

Behavior characteristics of bimolecular reactive transport in heterogeneous porous media.

In order to study the mechanism of bimolecular reactive solute transport in heterogeneous porous media, the chemical reaction (CuSO + NaEDTA→CuEDTA) was carried out by laboratory experiments and numerical simulation in heterogeneous porous media. Three different kinds of heterogeneous porous media (S = 1.72, 1.

Ecological insight into antibiotic resistome of ion-adsorption rare earth mining soils from south China by metagenomic analysis.

Antibiotic resistome has led to growing global threat to public health. Rare earth elements play important roles in modern society and mining activity for them has caused serious impact on soil ecosystems. However, antibiotic resistome in, especially, ion-adsorption rare earth-related soils is still poorly understood.

Spatiotemporal distribution, sources apportionment and ecological risks of PAHs: a study in the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River.

This study investigated the sources, contamination and ecological risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) based on their spatiotemporal distribution in aquatic environment in the Wuhan section of the Yangtze River (WYR). The fugacity ratio evaluation indicated that sediment was secondary release sources of two- and three-ring PAHs and sinks of four- and five-ring PAHs. The total concentrations of PAHs (ΣPAHs) ranged from 2.

Research and development of field theory-based three-dimensional risk assessment. Part II: Regional overall risk.

For three-dimensional (3D) risk assessments, the scalar fields of risk can be clarified so that the risk value at any point in 3D space can be obtained. Notably, the 3D risk function can be used to calculate the surface integral to reveal the overall risk level in a certain area. As a result, a novel field theory-based 3D risk assessment method called the regional overall risk assessment (RORA) is proposed in this study.

Distribution patterns and drivers of nonendemic and endemic glires species in China.

Spatial patterns and determinants of species richness in complex geographical regions are important subjects of current biogeography and biodiversity conservation research. Glires are small herbivorous mammal species with limited migratory ability that may serve as an indicator of biodiversity and ecosystems. Herein, we aimed to evaluate how multiple ecological hypotheses could explain the species richness patterns of glires in China.