Perfluorohexanesulfonic Acid (PFHxS) Induces Hepatotoxicity through the PPAR Signaling Pathway in Larval Zebrafish ().

In recent years, the industrial substitution of long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with short-chain alternatives has become increasingly prevalent, resulting in the widespread environmental detection of perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), a short-chain PFAS. However, there remains limited information about the potential adverse effects of PFHxS at environmental concentrations to wildlife. Here, early life stage zebrafish () were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of PFHxS to better characterize the adverse effects of PFHxS on aquatic organisms.

Dose reduction and discontinuation of biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for people with psoriatic arthritis in remission or low disease activity.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To determine the benefits and harms of dose reduction or discontinuation of biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs or targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in adults with psoriatic arthritis who are in remission or a low disease activity state.

The implementation of infant pain practice change resource to improve infant procedural pain practices: a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation study.

Implementation of infant pain practice change (ImPaC) is a multifaceted web-based resource to support pain practice change in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). We evaluated the (1) intervention effectiveness and (2) implementation effectiveness of ImPaC using a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation study (ie, cluster randomized controlled trial and longitudinal descriptive study). Eligible level 2 and 3 Canadian NICUs were randomized to intervention (INT) or waitlisted to usual care (UC) for 6 months.

Investigation of the effects of (L.) extract on ischemic stroke based on combined multi-omics of gut microbiota.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a highly lethal type of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Improving survival rates and promoting recovery in patients with IS pose significant challenges, however, recent research has identified the gut-brain axis as a therapeutic target. In this study, we evaluated the regulatory effect of (L.

Bidirectional associations among gallstone disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, kidney stone disease.

Background: A body of evidence has suggested bidirectional relationships among gallstone disease (GSD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and kidney stone disease (KSD). However, the results are inconsistent, and studies on this topic in China are relatively few. Our goal is to explore the bidirectional associations among these three diseases through a multicenter study, systematic review, and meta-analysis.

The Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (CAAR) in Iran: Registry Protocol and Results of the Pilot Study.

Background: The current registry system aims to design a database that can be used for future research as a tool to produce and update new protocols for the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of heart diseases.

Methods: In this hospital-based registry system, established on 27 July 2021, all the adult patients (age ≥18 years old) with signs and symptoms of cardiac diseases under coronary angiography or angioplasty in the cardiac ward of Imam Hossein Hospital of Tehran, Iran were recruited and followed-up until 30 days after discharge in the pilot phase. All data were collected using a researcher-made checklist from face-to-face interviews with patients and their medical records.

Policy Options for Reducing Defensive Medicine Behaviors: A Multi-Method Study.

Background: Defensive medicine (DM) refers to taking or not taking clinical actions, mainly to prevent legal or reputational consequences. It increases patient and health system costs and threatens patient safety. This study aimed to provide policy options to reduce DM behaviors and was conducted in two phases.

Is global health truly global? A hashtag analysis of #GlobalHealth disparities on X.

Background: X (Formerly known as Twitter) healthcare hashtags are a popular healthcare informatics and educational tool among medical professionals. #Globalhealth is one such widely used hashtag with extensive engagement. This study analyses #GlobalHealth to understand its pattern, global digital distribution, and other parameters during the COVID-19 pandemic on X.

The genetic causal association between arthritis and low back pain.

Background: Arthritis and low back pain (LBP) are prevalent musculoskeletal conditions with a perceived association. Previous observational studies have suggested a possible link between arthritis and LBP, but causality has not been firmly established.

Methods: The analysis involved data from a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies sourced from the UK Biobank Genetics resources on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA) at any site, knee osteoarthritis (KOA), hip osteoarthritis (HOA), and LBP.

Learning from the lived experiences of medical women working and studying at the national hospital in Fiji: A mixed methods study.

Objective: Our study aimed to explore the experience of attaining higher education among women in medicine at the largest national hospital in Fiji, focusing on barriers and enablers to completing training, and to explore women's perception of gender-based discrimination in the world of medicine. Findings subsequently informed evidence-based recommendations on enablers and barriers at the hospital and medical university to improve experiences of women in medicine.

Methods: We conducted a mixed-method study, emphasising the phenomenological qualitative component.

Collective ambiguous loss after mass hostage-taking in war: exploring public mental health outcomes and resilience.

Collective ambiguous loss can arise in communities facing the unresolved absence or presence of loved ones, marked by uncertainty and confusion. This study examines the impact of such loss on the general public in Israel after 251 individuals were taken hostage by Hamas on October 7 2023. A diverse sample of 740 participants (ages 18-85, 58.

Health insurance in rural Tanzania promotes self-care for among patients with non-communicable diseases via their disease management behaviours.

Background: The rise of hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in Tanzania underscores the importance of self-care practices (SCP) for disease management. Despite the proven effectiveness of SCP, financial barriers in resource-limited rural areas hinder continuous care. Health insurance (HI) emerges as a critical solution to alleviate financial constraints and support SCP.

Factors Associated With First-Trimester Prenatal Care Initiation In The United States: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: First-trimester prenatal care is an important component of quality care during pregnancy and is associated with improved perinatal outcomes. Despite its importance, many pregnant people delay prenatal care initiation or receive no prenatal care. This scoping review assessed multilevel factors associated with first-trimester prenatal care initiation in the United States among studies that included a measure of prenatal care timing, using the socioecological model as an organizing framework.

Psychosocial Determinants of Poor Dental Attendance Among Young Mexican-Identifying Adults in California.

Objective: Engagement in preventive dental care is a complex health behaviour and is determined by multiple factors. The study aimed to understand the association of psychosocial determinants with poor dental attendance.

Methods: Survey data from 333 Mexican-identifying adults in California aged 21-40-year were analysed.

YTHDF2 promotes arsenic-induced malignant phenotypes by degrading PIDD1 mRNA in human keratinocytes.

Arsenic is a widespread environmental carcinogen, and its carcinogenic mechanism has been the focus of toxicology. N-methyladenosine (mA) binding protein YTH domain family protein 2 (YTHDF2) performs various biological functions by degrading mA-modified mRNAs. However, the mA-modified target mRNA of YTHDF2 in regulating arsenic carcinogenesis remains largely unknown.

Cost-effectiveness of Oral Immunotherapy for Egg Allergy According to Age of Therapy Commencement.

Background: Egg oral immunotherapy (OIT) can induce desensitization or remission of egg allergy in children.

Objective: To determine the cost-effectiveness of OIT for raw egg allergy in school-age children compared with egg avoidance, and the most cost-effective age at which to commence treatment.

Methods: A decision-analytic Markov model estimated the health and cost outcomes of 1,000 children aged 4 years with egg allergy, comparing different ages of OIT commencement (ages 4-12, inclusive) versus ongoing egg avoidance.

Analysis of differentially methylated sites and regions associated with intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus in infants.

Background: The goal is to identify methylation sites linked to transmission and their impact on host gene expression and HBV spread, aiming to uncover new molecular targets for preventing and treating intrauterine HBV infection.

Methods: This study recruited 1205 infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers in Liuzhou City, China, between July 2023 and January 2024. Infants were followed up at 7-12 months of age and classified as HBsAg-positive (case, n = 5) or HBsAg-negative (control, n = 14) based on serological testing.

Interdisciplinary perspectives on the co-management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and coronary artery disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as a public health threat as it affects approximately 38% of the adult population worldwide, with its prevalence rising in step with that of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Beyond the implications of MASLD for liver health, it is also associated with cardiovascular and vascular dysfunction. Although the many shared risk factors and common metabolic milieu might indicate that cardiovascular disease and MASLD are discrete outcomes from common systemic pathogeneses, a growing body of evidence has identified a potential causal relationship between MASLD and coronary artery disease, which is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people with MASLD and all-cause mortality worldwide.

Climate and health education in public health schools worldwide during 2023-24: a survey.

Background: Public health professionals are crucial in implementing health-promoting climate change adaptation and mitigation measures, yet climate education is inconsistently integrated into public health curricula worldwide. We aimed to assess the proportion of institutions that provided public health degrees with climate and health education, the annual number of students trained in climate and health, and the extent to which students had climate and health knowledge during 2023-24.

Methods: From Nov 1, 2023, to March 15, 2024, our online survey quantified climate and health education in public health schools that provide degrees across all WHO regions.

Is Racism a Barrier to HIV Care Continuum Engagement among Black People in the US?: A Scoping Review to Assess the State of the Science and Inform a Research Agenda.

People living with HIV (PLWH) can achieve VS through timely HIV care continuum (HCC) engagement (ie, diagnosis, linkage to HIV care, retention in care and adherence to prescribed treatment regimens). Black populations have poorer VS, suboptimal HCC engagement and higher levels of racism-related mistrust. This paper assessed the state of the evidence linking sub-optimal HCC engagement to racism among US Black populations.