Cost-effectiveness of oral immunotherapy for egg allergy according to age of therapy commencement.

Background: Egg oral immunotherapy can induce desensitization or remission of egg allergy in children.

Objective: To determine the cost-effectiveness of OIT for raw egg allergy in school-aged children compared to egg avoidance, and the most cost-effective age at which to commence treatment.

Methods: A decision-analytic Markov model estimated the health and cost outcomes of 1000 children aged four years with egg allergy, comparing different ages of OIT commencement (from ages 4-12, inclusive) versus ongoing egg avoidance.

Comparing the impact of sexualised drug use with and without chemsex on sexual behaviours among men who have sex with men in China: a national multi-site cross-sectional study.

Background Sexualised drug use (SDU) is common in men who have sex with men (MSM). Chemsex, a form of psychoactive SDU, is a strong risk factor for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We investigated the associations of SDU and chemsex with the sexual behaviours in Chinese MSM.

The productivity burden of breast cancer in Australia.

Purpose: Breast cancer exerts a considerable burden on an individual's health, but also impacts society more broadly through lost work productivity. This study aimed to measure the quality of life and productivity burden among Australian females of working age diagnosed with breast cancer in 2022.

Methods: A Markov lifetable model was simulated twice; the initial simulation followed the progression of Australian females diagnosed with breast cancer in 2022 using current population incidence rates, whilst the second simulation hypothetically assumed there were no females living with breast cancer.

Young men's everyday life experiences with contraception and unintended pregnancy in Papua New Guinea.

Unintended adolescent pregnancy is a public health priority in Papua New Guinea (PNG), where national policies specify need for easier access to reliable modern contraceptives. To reduce young people's experiences of unintended pregnancy in PNG, improved understandings of use of modern and other forms of contraception within young people's relationships is required to support the development of new sexual and reproductive health (SRH) programs and policies. The aim of this paper is to understand young men's use of modern and other contraceptives.

An Exploration of the Utility and Impacts of Implementation Science Strategies by Cancer Registries for Healthcare Improvement: A Systematic Review.

Background: Cancer data registries are central elements of cancer control programs providing critical insights in measures of performance in cancer healthcare delivery. Evidence to practice gaps in cancer care remain substantial. Implementation science (IS) strategies target gaps between generated research evidence and guideline concordance in delivered healthcare.

What they did next: Using follow-up phone calls to investigate health care access patterns of patients who take their own leave.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to use telephone follow-up (TFU) to investigate the actions taken by patients after they took their own leave (TOL) from an ED, with a focus on priority groups who are at risk of experiencing health inequity. These included people experiencing homelessness (EH), people with a low socioeconomic status by index of relative socioeconomic disadvantage (IRSD) and First Nations people. The primary outcome was being seen by a general practitioner (GP) within 2 days of the TOL event.

Computational modelling of valvular heart disease: haemodynamic insights and clinical implications.

An aging population and an increasing incidence of cardiovascular risk factors form the basis for a global rising prevalence of valvular heart disease (VHD). Research to further our understanding of the pathophysiology of VHD is often confined to the clinical setting. However, in recent years, sophisticated computational models of the cardiovascular system have been increasingly used to investigate a variety of VHD states.

Using large administrative data for mining patients' trajectories for risk stratification: An example from urological diseases.

Objective: To identify latent clusters among urological patients by examining hospitalisation rate trajectories and their association with risk factors and outcome quality indicators.

Materials And Methods: Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset, containing information on all hospital admissions in Victoria from 2009 to 2019. The top twenty ICD-10 primary diagnosis codes in urology were used to select patients (n = 98,782) who were included in the study.

Small volume fluid resuscitation and supplementation with 20% albumin versus buffered crystalloids in adults with septic shock: A protocol for a randomised feasibility trial.

Background: Fluid therapy is universally administered in the management of patients with sepsis, however excessive cumulative fluid balance has been shown to result in worse outcomes. Hyperoncotic albumin results in both lower fluid volumes and early cumulative fluid balance, and may reduce short-term mortality in patients with septic shock.

Methods: In this single centre, open label, feasibility trial; patients with early septic shock will be randomly allocated either 20% albumin for resuscitation and daily supplementation, versus buffered crystalloids alone for all fluid therapy.

Dupilumab-Associated Bilateral Conjunctival Papillomas and Corneal Perforation.

Purpose: We report a unique case of significant human papillomavirus-associated conjunctival papillomas and severe corneal ulceration leading to corneal perforation in a patient treated with dupilumab for atopic dermatitis.

Methods: This study is a case report and literature review of severe corneal side effects related to dupilumab.

Results: A 27-year-old man with severe atopic dermatitis and no ocular history was administered dupilumab 300 mg via subcutaneous injections every 2 weeks with an excellent response.

Publication output of RANZCR radiation oncologists in 2022-23.

Introduction: The purpose of this work was to determine the current publication output of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists radiation oncologists (ROs) to serve as a baseline contributing to future assessment of the effectiveness of the College's Research Action Plan 2024-26.

Methods: An online survey was sent to all ROs in the College's member database in March-April 2024 requesting a list of publications between 2022 and 2023. A PubMed search was performed to cross-check the self-reported publications.

Effect of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting with Frequent Activity Breaks on Postprandial Glycemia and Insulin Sensitivity in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes on Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Therapy: A Randomized Crossover Pilot Trial.

This study examined acute effects of interrupting prolonged sitting with short activity breaks on postprandial glucose/insulin responses and estimations of insulin sensitivity in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In a randomized crossover trial, eight adults (age = 46 ± 14 years [mean ± SD], body mass index [BMI] = 27.2 ± 3.

Multi-stakeholder aged care research networks: A scoping review.

Background And Objectives: An ageing population worldwide has highlighted the need for improved care in long term aged care homes. In Australia, such homes are called Residential Aged Care homes, and reform is underway to improve the quality and safety of aged care. A key enabler of quality improvement is increasing evidence-based practice through creating a system to support research translation.

The Persian Version of the Fear of Progression Questionnaire's Short Form (FOPQ-SF): Psychometric Features Among Cancer Patients.

Introduction: Fear of progression (FOP) is a significant psychological concern among cancer patients. The Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (FOPQ-SF) is one of the significant and reliable tools to evaluate FOP. This study aims to validate the psychometric features of the Persian version of FOPQ-SF in Iranian cancer patients.

Epidemiology and outcome of medical emergency team calls within 48 hours of intensive care unit discharge.

Background: Some patients experience early (within 48 h) clinical deterioration and medical emergency team (MET) review following intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. Few studies have explored early MET review, despite it being a recognised quality and safety indicator.

Aims: To evaluate the (i) proportion of patients discharged from ICU receiving MET review and timing of reviews; (ii) characteristics of patients who received early MET review and (iii) predictors of early MET review and associations with clinical outcomes.

Standard v mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the supine modified lithotomy position: a randomized pilot study on 10-25 mm stones.

Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is the recommended treatment for stones >2 cm in size. The majority of PCNL are still conducted with larger telescopes using tracts up to 30F in size. We have conducted a randomized pilot study comparing mini PCNL with our standard 22F PCNL for renal stones between 10 and 25 mm in diameter.

Quality of life impacts associated with comorbid insomnia and depression in adult population.

Purpose: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) impacts of insomnia and depression (as separated entities) have been well investigated in previous studies. However, little is known about the effect of comorbid insomnia and depression on HRQoL. This study aimed to assess the impacts of insomnia and depression, in combination or alone, on HRQoL in Australian adults.