Sex Differences in the Relationship Between Schizophrenia and the Development of Cardiovascular Disease.

Background: There are few data on sex differences in the association between schizophrenia and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We sought to clarify the relationship of schizophrenia with the risk of developing CVDs and to explore the potential modification effect of sex differences.

Methods And Results: We conducted a retrospective analysis using the JMDC Claims Database between 2005 and 2022.

Trends in Treatment Patterns and Outcomes of Patients With Pulmonary Embolism in Japan, 2010 to 2020: A Nationwide Inpatient Database Study.

Background The impact of major changes in the treatment practice of pulmonary embolism (PE), such as limited indications for systemic thrombolysis and the introduction of direct oral anticoagulants, is not well documented. This study aimed to describe annual trends in the treatment patterns and outcomes in patients with PE. Methods and Results Using the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database from April 2010 to March 2021, we identified hospitalized patients with PE.

Sex Differences in the Association Between Hypertension and Incident Atrial Fibrillation.

Background Limited evidence is available on sex differences about the association between hypertension and incident atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods and Results We used a nationwide health checkup and claims database to analyze 3 383 738 adults (median age, 43 (36-51) years, 57.4% men).

Association between comorbid mental illness and preceding emergency department visits in unplanned admissions.

Aim: To investigate the association between comorbid mental illness and preceding emergency department (ED) visits in patients with unplanned admission.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study using data from the EDs of three large tertiary medical facilities in Japan. We included adult patients who were admitted to these hospitals the ED from 2017 to 2020.

Interaction of Blood Pressure and Glycemic Status in Developing Cardiovascular Disease: Analysis of a Nationwide Real-World Database.

Background Hypertension and diabetes frequently coexist. However, little is known about the interaction between high blood pressure (BP) and hyperglycemia in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods and Results We conducted an observational cohort study that included 3 336 363 patients (median age, 43 years old; men, 57.

Age-Dependent Relationship of Hypertension Subtypes With Incident Heart Failure.

Background The prevalence of hypertension subtypes changes with age. However, little is known regarding the age-dependent association of hypertension subtypes with incident heart failure (HF). Methods and Results We conducted an observational cohort study including 2 612 570 people (mean age, 44.

Development and validation of a procedure-based organ failure assessment model for patients in the intensive care unit: an administrative database study.

Aim: To develop a procedure-based organ failure assessment model for intensive care unit (ICU) patients and to examine the ability of this model to predict in-hospital mortality, with reference to the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score.

Methods: Using the Japanese nationwide Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, we identified patients aged ≥15 years who were admitted to the ICUs April 2018-March 2019. Since April 2018, Japanese health care providers have been required to input ICU patients' SOFA scores into this database.

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020).

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020), a Japanese-specific set of clinical practice guidelines for sepsis and septic shock created as revised from J-SSCG 2016 jointly by the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, was first released in September 2020 and published in February 2021. An English-language version of these guidelines was created based on the contents of the original Japanese-language version. The purpose of this guideline is to assist medical staff in making appropriate decisions to improve the prognosis of patients undergoing treatment for sepsis and septic shock.

Validation of chief complaints, medical history, medications, and physician diagnoses structured with an integrated emergency department information system in Japan: the Next Stage ER system.

Aim: Emergency department information systems (EDIS) facilitate free-text data use for clinical research; however, no study has validated whether the Next Stage ER system (NSER), an EDIS used in Japan, accurately translates electronic medical records (EMRs) into structured data.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary care hospital from 2018 to 2019. We used EMRs of 500 random samples from 27,000 ED visits during the study period.

Characteristics and subgroups of frequent emergency department users in an academic hospital in Japan.

Aim: Frequent emergency department (ED) users increase the burden on EDs. However, little is known about the characteristics and subgroups of frequent ED users in Japan.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data on patients who had visited the ED of an academic hospital in Japan between 2014 and 2015.

Patient characteristics, procedure details including catheter devices, and complications of catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia: a nationwide observational study.

Background: Nationwide data are insufficient with respect to the characteristics of patients undergoing ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation, complications of VT ablation, and procedure details including catheter devices used during VT ablation. The present study was performed to describe the patient characteristics, procedure details including catheter devices, and in-hospital complications of catheter ablation for VT using a national inpatient database.

Methods: We used the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, a national Japanese inpatient database, to identify patients who underwent VT ablation from July 2010 to March 2017.

Patient characteristics and in-hospital complications of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for Brugada syndrome in Japan.

Background: Clinical features and complications of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) implantation for Brugada syndrome have not been well studied.

Methods: We used the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database to retrospectively investigate patients who had undergone ICD implantation between April 2016 and March 2017. We compared the characteristics and in-hospital complications of patients with Brugada syndrome implanted with S-ICD or transvenous (TV)-ICD.

Disaster-related carbon monoxide poisoning after the Great East Japan Earthquake, 2011: a nationwide observational study.

Aim: To investigate disaster-related carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning after the Great East Japan Earthquake using a nationwide inpatient database in Japan.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. We identified adult patients with CO poisoning who were registered in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database from 2010 to 2017.

Physician-manned prehospital emergency care in tertiary emergency centers in Japan.

Aim: Use of a physician-manned prehospital emergency medical service (EMS) has recently become widespread in Japan. Understanding the epidemiology of critically ill patients is essential for planning national and regional physician-manned prehospital EMS systems. However, current knowledge on patients receiving physician-manned prehospital EMS is sparse.

Lack of a meaningful association between dietary patterns and in vitro fertilization outcome among Japanese women.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether preconception maternal dietary pattern is associated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome among Japanese women.

Methods: This prospective study included 140 Japanese women who underwent conventional-IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection. The patients' diets during the previous month before egg retrieval were assessed with validated brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire.

Dietary carbohydrate intake, presence of obesity and the incident risk of type 2 diabetes in Japanese men.

Aims/introduction: The present cohort study assessed the risk among Japanese men for developing type 2 diabetes, based on the percentage of energy intake from carbohydrates and degree of obesity.

Participants And Methods: The participants were 2,006 male factory employees, and the macronutrient intake of each patient was measured using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. The incidence of diabetes was determined in annual blood examinations over a 10-year period.

Effects of walking on medical cost: A quantitative evaluation by simulation focusing on diabetes.

Aims/introduction: Recently, the prevalence of lifestyle-related disease has increased, and its associated medical costs have become considerable. Although walking is thought to prevent lifestyle-related disease, few studies have evaluated its effect on medical costs in Japanese subjects. We aimed at evaluating the effect of walking on medical costs by simulation mainly focusing on diabetes in the Japanese population.

Family history of diabetes, lifestyle factors, and the 7-year incident risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged Japanese men and women.

Aims/introduction: This cohort study of middle-aged Japanese participants investigated the relationship between family history of diabetes, the incident risk of type 2 diabetes and the interaction of these variables with other factors.

Materials And Methods: Study participants were 3,517 employees (2,037 men and 1,480 women) of a metal products factory in Japan. Baseline health examinations included questions about medical history, physical examination, anthropometric measurements, questions about lifestyle factors, such as smoking, alcohol consumption and habitual exercise, and a self-administered diet history questionnaire.