Prevalence of and risk factors for osteoporosis and fragility fracture in adults with cerebral palsy: A systematic review.

Aim: To systematically review the prevalence and incidence of osteoporosis, osteopenia, low bone mass, and fragility fracture in adults with cerebral palsy (CP), and identify the risk factors for osteoporosis and fracture.

Method: A systematic literature search was performed in the MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, AMED, Cochrane Reviews, EMBASE, and EBM database reviews from inception until May 2024. Search terms covered a combination of keywords for CP, fracture, osteoporosis, incidence and prevalence, and risk factors.

The ongoing impact of COVID-19 on the clinical education of Australian medical radiation science students.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant and ongoing impact on health care, particularly for medical radiation science (MRS) professionals. There exist many studies that describe the negative effects of clinical placement restrictions and access to universities on the well-being of all health professional students during the pandemic. There also exists evidence of changes to MRS student teaching and impacts to students and academic clinical educators; however, there exists a paucity of research that investigates how changes have affected the performance of students within the clinical environment and entering the workforce.

Determining the effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation on corticomotor excitability and motor performance: A sham-controlled comparison of four frequencies.

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) modulates brain oscillations and corticomotor plasticity. We examined the effects of four tACS frequencies (20 Hz, 40 Hz, 60 Hz, and 80 Hz) on motor cortex (M1) excitability and motor performance. In a randomised crossover design, 12 adults received 20-minute tACS sessions, with Sham as control.

Pain and Dyspnea During Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Documentation Audit 2019-2020.

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) assess the severity and impact of both pain and dyspnea in those with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but their frequency of use in clinical practice is unknown. This study aimed to determine the point prevalence of pain and dyspnea assessment in patients hospitalized with an acute exacerbation of COPD and the measurement tools applied for this purpose in clinical practice. Clinical notes and observation charts of patients admitted with acute exacerbations of COPD to a metropolitan hospital in 2019 and 2020 were retrospectively audited to identify the point prevalence of pain and dyspnea assessment, the PROMs applied, and their associated focal periods.

Informing the Development of Telehealth Education in Physiotherapy Programs. Assessments and Interventions for Individuals Accessing Physiotherapy Care via Synchronous Telehealth. A Scoping Review.

Background: In order to develop contemporary telehealth curricula for entry-to-practice physiotherapy programs that develop the capabilities required to practice telehealth, it is important to evaluate the delivery of telehealth practices within the physiotherapy profession.

Objective: To assess the current literature to (i) determine what types of assessments and interventions have been delivered via synchronous forms of telehealth (videoconferencing and telephone) by physiotherapists (ii) determine which platforms were used for service delivery and which practice areas have delivered synchronous telehealth physiotherapy assessments and interventions.

Design: Scoping review adhering to Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines.

Discussing Weight in Real World GP Consultations: A Video Recording Analysis Study.

Objective: GPs have a complex role in obesity management due to patients' individualized experience of living with obesity, coupled with the challenge to deliver healthcare messages in non-stigmatizing ways. This study aimed to explore who initiates the topic of weight and how weight was discussed in real-world GP-patient consultations.

Method: A multi-disciplinary team, including obesity lived experience experts, undertook a secondary data analysis of 43 Australian video recorded consultations and patient surveys from The Digital Library using descriptive content analysis.

The distribution and severity of lower-limb hypertonicity and spasticity differentially impacts walking speed in people with neurological injuries.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the distribution and severity of hypertonicity and spasticity on walking speed in people with neurological injuries.

Material/methods: This cross-sectional observation cohort study used the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS) to assess hypertonicity and spasticity of the gastrocnemius, soleus, hamstrings and quadriceps. Participants were classified as having a distal (gastrocnemius and/or soleus), proximal (hamstrings and/or quadriceps) or mixed distribution of hypertonicity or spasticity.

Adverse events related to physiotherapy practice: a scoping review.

Introduction: While adverse events related to physiotherapy are possible, the type of adverse event and the area of physiotherapy practice in which they occur are not well understood. The purpose of this scoping review was to establish adverse events related to physiotherapy practice and understand the nature of these events and the circumstances in which they occurred.

Methods: Relevant literature from January 2014 to February 2024 was gathered from five electronic databases.

Efficacy of heel lifts for insertional Achilles tendinopathy (LIFTIT): A randomised feasibility trial.

Objectives: Insertional Achilles tendinopathy is a common and disabling condition. This trial aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a parallel group randomised trial to evaluate the efficacy of heel lifts compared to a sham intervention for reducing pain intensity associated with insertional Achilles tendinopathy.

Methods: Twenty-six people with insertional Achilles tendinopathy were randomised to either the heel lift group or sham intervention group.

The mediating effects of mobile phone use on ADHD and educational outcomes: a two-step Mendelian randomisation study.

Objective: This study investigates the potential mediating role of mobile phone screen time in the causal relationships between Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and educational attainment. Our analysis explores both the effect of ADHD on educational outcomes and the reverse, i.e.

An investigation into the relationships between technical collision behaviours and physical characteristics in world-class, international female rugby players.

This study first investigated how the probability of winning collision events is affected by technical characteristics among world-class, international female rugby union players, and second, whether enhanced performance of these technical characteristics was related to physical attributes. Carry and tackle events from 16 international matches played by a top-two world ranking team were coded according to technical characteristics and performance outcomes. Binary classification tree models revealed that carry performance was successfully predicted ( < 0.

Exploring the development of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) for health professions educators through faculty development.

Research on how pedagogical content knowledge (PCK)-informed faculty development initiatives can support PCK development among health professions educators is limited. Given the positive impact of PCK on enhancing professional knowledge for effective teaching, this study investigates the learning process of health professions educators in developing their PCK through a faculty development initiative, supported by the Content Representation (CoRe) tool. Using a qualitative approach, grounded in social constructionism, the study engaged eight educators from diverse health disciplines at an Australian university.

The effectiveness of education for people with shoulder pain: A systematic review.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of education for people with shoulder pain.

Design: Systematic review LITERATURE SEARCH: We searched several databases (e.g.

'It's what we should be doing anyway': using financial incentives to promote relational continuity in Australian General Practice-a nested case study analysis.

Background: Relational continuity is a fundamental component of primary care. The 'Quality in General Practice Trial' (EQuIP-GP), was a 12-month cluster randomized trial, designed to investigate whether financial incentives can improve relational continuity in primary care.

Aim: To examine (i) how financial incentives are perceived and experienced by primary care patients, providers, and practice staff, and (ii) how clinical and organizational routines related to relational continuity are influenced by the introduction of a financial model designed to incentivize relational continuity.

Does the site of research evidence generation impact on its translation to clinical practice? A protocol paper.

The research-to-practice gap is a well-known phenomenon. The adoption of evidence into clinical practice needs to consider the complexity of the health care system and a multitude of contextual issues. Research evidence is usually a form of extrinsic motivation for practice change, but works best when it aligns with the intrinsic values of the system and the people in it.

Methodological Issues in Measuring Restrictive Care Practices (Mechanical/physical restraint, Chemical restraint and Seclusion) in Adult Mental Health Inpatient Units: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature.

Aims: To identify and characterise the approaches and instruments used in recent literature to measure the prevalence of restrictive care practices in adult mental health inpatient units. Additionally, it sought to summarise the reported psychometric properties, including reliability and validity of these measures.

Methods: A systematic review of recent litratures was conducted using Scopus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Embase databases to identify studies published from 1 January 2010 to 11 October 2023.

Management of Pediatric Voice Disorders: Perceived Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Patterns Among Otolaryngologists in Southwest China.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice patterns of otolaryngologists in Southwest China in managing pediatric dysphonia.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: An online survey was disseminated between August and September 2023 to hospital-based otolaryngologists in Southwest China.

Co-Designing Case Scenarios and Survey Strategies to Examine the Classification and Reporting of Restrictive Care Practices in Adult Mental Health Inpatient Settings: Perspectives From International Stakeholders.

There is a global initiative to reduce the use of restrictive care practices in mental health settings. Variations in the reported rates across regions complicate the understanding of their use and tracking trends over time. However, it remains unclear whether these discrepancies reflect real differences in the implementation of these practices or are sourced from inconsistencies in incident classification and reporting methods.

StrataXRT and Mepitel Film for Preventing Postmastectomy Acute Radiation Dermatitis in Breast Cancer: An Intrapatient Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) is a notable challenge for patients with breast cancer undergoing postmastectomy radiation therapy (RT). This study evaluates the efficacy, safety, and user experience of StrataXRT versus Mepitel Film for ARD prevention.

Methods And Materials: This multicenter, noninferiority trial involved intrapatient randomization of 44 patients with histologically confirmed breast carcinoma who had undergone postmastectomy RT across 4 Australian hospitals from January 1 to December 31, 2017.

The efficacy of high load-volume exercise versus low load-volume exercise for rotator cuff tendinopathy: A pilot and feasibility trial.

Background: The most effective exercise variables for rotator cuff tendinopathy are unknown.

Objective: Determine feasibility of a fully powered trial comparing high load-volume versus low load-volume exercise for adults with rotator cuff tendinopathy.

Design: Two arm, multi-centre pilot and feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Initiation of buprenorphine in the emergency department or emergency out-of-hospital setting: A mixed-methods systematic review.

Introduction: People who use substances increasingly access healthcare primarily through emergency medical services (EMS) and emergency departments (EDs). To meet the needs of these patients, EMS and EDs have become access points for medications for opioid use disorder (OUD), specifically buprenorphine. This systematic review aimed to quantify the efficacy of these programs, examining retention in treatment for OUD, rates of re-presentation to ED or EMS, and rates of precipitated withdrawal, as well as summarise clinician and patient perspectives on buprenorphine initiation in these settings.

Enhancing teamwork in higher education: Experiences of podiatry students using SPARK for self- and peer-assessment in group work.

Background: Teamwork is essential for delivering high-quality healthcare, particularly given the increasing complexity of care due to chronic diseases, comorbidities and limited resources. The necessary skills and attributes for effective teamwork are often taught and assessed through group work within healthcare education programs. While group work can assist the development of skills and attributes of students to be effective team members, it also presents challenges, such as ensuring equitable student contributions.

Exploring Post-Fall Management Interventions in Long-Term Care Facilities and Hospitals for Older Adults: A Scoping Review.

Background: The population is rapidly growing, significantly impacting healthcare settings such as hospitals and long-term care. Falls are a major concern, being a leading cause of hospitalisations and injuries especially among adults aged 60 and above. Despite extensive research on falls prevention and risk factors, there is limited study on effective post-fall management strategies, making it crucial to review and develop interventions to improve care and safety for older adults in healthcare settings.

What is effective physiotherapy for dementia and how do we get there: a qualitative study.

Introduction: Dementia is a leading cause of disability. Physiotherapists play a crucial role in caring for people with dementia. However, previous research has found that physiotherapists have low knowledge and confidence working with people with dementia.