A scoping review of observation-based tools for assessing use of the upper limb in activities.

Purpose: To summarise information about tools available to rate observed performance in activities, tested with populations with upper limb impairment.

Methods And Materials: A scoping review was conducted. Articles were included if they reported psychometric properties of tools that could be used with populations with upper limb impairment, had at least one activity item, and item/s involved use of the upper limbs.

A scoping review of randomized controlled trials of parenting and family-based interventions for 10 - 17 year-olds with severe and persistent conduct problems.

Purpose: A scoping review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of parenting and family-based interventions that aim to reduce severe and persistent conduct problems among 10-17 year-olds. The review also examined feasibility for conducting a network meta-analysis of common therapy elements measured by RCTs.

Materials And Methods: The review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA- ScR).

The impact of food aid interventions on food insecurity, diet quality and mental health in households with children in high-income countries: a systematic review.

Objective: Households with children accessing food aid in high-income countries are often food insecure. We aimed to review the evidence on food aid interventions in households with children and impact on food insecurity, diet quality and mental health.

Design: A systematic search was conducted using Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO.

The what, the when and the how: A qualitative study of allied health decision-maker perspectives on factors influencing the development and implementation of advanced and extended scopes of practice in Australia.

Background: Health workforce supply is critical to ensuring the delivery of essential healthcare and may be enhanced via mechanisms which alter the scopes of practice of health professions. The aim of this paper is to study the collective perspectives of allied health decision-makers on factors which influence their development and implementation of advanced and extended scope of practice initiatives, and how they contribute to scope of practice change. The reasoning for the selection of each factor will also be examined.

Misaligned or misheard? Physical activity and healthy eating messaging to ethnic minority communities during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study and scoping review.

This mixed-methods study identified physical activity (PA) and healthy eating messages produced during the COVID-19 pandemic and explored how they were received by UK ethnic minority communities. A scoping review of research and grey literature identified categories of PA and healthy eating messaging targeted at ethnic minorities. Individual and group interviews were conducted, audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Long COVID and Health Inequalities: What's Next for Research and Policy Advocacy?

Introduction: Organised by the 'Qualitative Long Covid Network', a workshop for qualitative Long COVID (LC) researchers, LC charity representatives and people with LC took place in June 2023, where research on the intersectional inequalities affecting LC prevalence, recognition and care was shared and discussed.

Methods: Five key themes were drawn up from presentations, discussions and reflections during the workshop, which are presented in this study.

Results: The following five themes are discussed: the unfairness of LC, difficulties in accessing care, mistrust of the healthcare system, a lack of understanding of LC and experiences of stigma and discrimination.

Inducing ipsilateral motor-evoked potentials in the biceps brachii muscle in healthy humans.

To assess reticulospinal tract excitability, high-intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used to elicit ipsilateral motor-evoked potentials (iMEPs). However, there is no consensus on robust and valid methods for use in human studies. The present study proposes a standardized method for eliciting and analysing iMEPs in the biceps brachii.

Lifetime Cost-Effectiveness of Structured Education and Exercise Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis in Australia.

Importance: Structured education and exercise therapy programs have been proposed to reduce reliance on total knee replacement (TKR) surgery and improve health care sustainability. The long-term cost-effectiveness of these programs is unclear.

Objectives: To estimate the lifetime cost-effectiveness of implementing a national structured education and exercise therapy program for individuals with knee osteoarthritis with the option for future TKR compared with usual care (TKR for all).

Prehospital factors predicting mortality in patients with shock: state-wide linkage study.

Background: Patients with shock treated by emergency medical services (EMS) have high morbidity and mortality. Knowledge of prehospital factors predicting outcomes in patients with shock remains limited. We aimed to describe the prehospital predictors of mortality in patients with non-traumatic shock transported to hospital by EMS.

Active surveillance for prostate cancer is a shared journey: the dyadic perspective.

Active surveillance for prostate cancer monitors disease progression, with a view to actively treat only if progression is evident. Living with an untreated cancer can negatively impact psychological wellbeing. Partners can influence decisions to convert to active treatment in the absence of disease progression, it is, therefore, important to consider partner reactions and responses to prostate cancer treatment options.

The effects of exercise, heat-induced hypo-hydration and rehydration on blood-brain-barrier permeability, corticospinal and peripheral excitability.

Purpose: The effects of low-intensity exercise, heat-induced hypo-hydration and rehydration on maximal strength and the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms are not well understood.

Methods: To assess this, 12 participants took part in a randomised crossover study, in a prolonged (3 h) submaximal (60 W) cycling protocol under 3 conditions: (i) in 45 °C (achieving ~ 5% body mass reduction), with post-exercise rehydration in 2 h (RHY2), (ii) with rehydration across 24 h (RHY24), and (iii) a euhydrated trial in 25 °C (CON). Dependent variables included maximal voluntary contractions (MVC), maximum motor unit potential (M), motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude and cortical silent period (cSP) duration.

Patients with worse disability respond best to cognitive functional therapy for chronic low back pain: a pre-planned secondary analysis of a randomised trial.

Question: Do five baseline moderators identify patients with chronic low back pain who respond best to cognitive functional therapy (CFT) when compared with usual care?

Design: Secondary analysis of the RESTORE randomised controlled trial.

Participants: A total of 492 adults with low back pain for > 3 months with at least moderate pain-related activity limitation.

Intervention: Participants were allocated to CFT alone or CFT plus biofeedback; these two groups were combined for this secondary analysis.

An Analysis of the Structures People With Shoulder Pain Recall After Receiving Their Diagnostic Imaging Results.

Aims: Rotator cuff related shoulder pain (RCRSP) is a prevalent cause of musculoskeletal pain. Patients presenting with this condition often undergo diagnostic imaging. However, many patients appear to have difficulty recalling the nature of their diagnosis.

What is known from the existing literature about the treatment of Mallet Injury using 3D printed splints? A Scoping Review Protocol.

Background: Mallet finger injuries are a frequent cause of hospital attendance, being the fifth most common injury in the body. They are therefore a frequent cause of hospital visits. To date, these injuries have primarily been managed using generic splints.

Developing theoretically underpinned primary care resources for patients with asthma: an exemplar from the IMPART trial.

Aim: This article reports on the development of patient resources for the IMPlementing IMProved Asthma self-management as RouTine (IMPART) programme that aimed to encourage patients to attend asthma reviews (invitation letters), encourage patients to enquire about asthma action plans (posters), and equip patients with the knowledge to manage their asthma (information website).

Background: To improve supported asthma self-management in UK primary care, the IMPART programme developed a whole-systems approach (patient resources, professional education, and organisational strategies).

Methods: Linked to behaviour change theory, we developed a range of patient resources for primary care general practices (an information website, invitation letters to invite patients for asthma reviews, and posters to encourage asthma action plan ownership).

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Allied Health University Education Programs: A Scoping Review.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered the mass transition of tertiary education to virtual delivery or a hybrid learning approach. This scoping review aims to identify the nature and extent of the current literature on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the allied health student education experience and the delivery of teaching and learning materials. A scoping review, performed following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, was conducted for standard databases and the grey literature published after 2019 that focused on allied health education.

Self-management interventions for chronic widespread pain including fibromyalgia: a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis.

Supporting behavioural self-management is increasingly important in the care for chronic widespread pain (CWP), including fibromyalgia. Understanding peoples' experiences of these interventions may elucidate processes and mechanisms that lead to or hinder their intended impact. We conducted a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies exploring peoples' experiences of self-management interventions for CWP, including fibromyalgia.