Fabrication and electroadhesion properties of parylene-coated carbon fiber arrays.

Parylene-coated carbon fiber (CF) arrays with tunable inclination angles and heights were fabricated using oxygen plasma etching of composite wafers with embedded parallel CFs, followed by parylene coating via chemical vapor deposition. The effective elastic modulus of the CF arrays was found to decrease approximately in proportion to the square of the fiber length (5-60m), with the parylene coating (∼2m) further slightly reducing the modulus. Both experimental measurements and finite element simulations indicated that CF arrays with inclination angles below 75° exhibit ideal contact with glass wafers during electrostatic adhesion.

Efficient Thermo-Optic Switching and Modulating in Nonlocal Metasurfaces.

High- optical resonances in nonlocal metasurfaces, benefiting from significantly enhanced light/matter interactions, feature strong responses even under a weak external stimulus. In this work, we leverage the high- resonances of quasi-guided modes (QGMs) supported by a photonic crystal slab (PCS) structure to achieve efficient optical switching/modulation. The QGMs with an experimentally measured -factor of ∼2200 are realized by shifting every second column of air holes in a rectangular lattice within a silicon slab.

Constructing an Active Sulfur-Vacancy-Rich Surface for Selective *CH-CH Coupling in CO-to-CH Conversion With 92% Selectivity.

To achieve high selectivity in photocatalytic CO reduction to C products, increasing the number of CO adsorption sites and lowering the energy barriers for key intermediates are critical. A ZnInS (ZIS)/MoO (Z-M) photocatalyst is presented, in which plasmonic MoO generates hot electrons, creating a multielectron environment in ZIS that facilitates efficient C─C coupling reactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that MoO reduces the formation energy of sulfur vacancies (S) in ZIS, thereby enhancing CO adsorption and activation.

Residual channel attention based sample adaptation few-shot learning for hyperspectral image classification.

Few-shot learning (FSL) uses prior knowledge and supervised experience to effectively classify hyperspectral images (HSIs), thereby reducing the cost of large numbers of labeled samples. However, existing few-shot methods ignore the correlation between cross-domain feature channels, and the feature representation ability is insufficient. To address above issue, this paper proposes a novel Residual Channel Attention Based Sample Adaptation Few-Shot Learning for Hyperspectral Image Classification(RCASA-FSL) for hyperspectral image classification (HSIC), which can capture and enhance cross-domain dependencies through multi-layer residual connection and random-based feature recalibration.

Cosolvent electrolyte chemistries for high-voltage potassium-ion battery.

The poor oxidation resistance of traditional electrolytes has hampered the development of high-voltage potassium-ion battery technology. Here, we present a cosolvent electrolyte design strategy to overcome the high-voltage limitations of potassium-ion electrolyte chemistries. The cosolvent electrolyte breaks the dissolution limitation of the salt through ion-dipole interactions, significantly enlarging the anion-rich solvation clusters, as verified by the synchrotron-based wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments.

Breaking dielectric dilemma via polymer functionalized perovskite piezocomposite with large current density output.

Organometal halide perovskite (OHP) composites are flexible and easy to synthesize, making them ideal for ambient mechanical energy harvesting. Yet, the output current density from the piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) remains orders of magnitude lower than their ceramic counterparts. In prior composites, high permittivity nanoparticles enhance the dielectric constant (ϵ) but reduce the dielectric strength (E).

Minimizing Efficiency Roll-Off in Organic Emitters via Enhancing Radiative Process and Reducing Binding Energy: A Theory Insight.

Organic solid-state lasers have received increasing attention due to their great potential for realizing organic continuous-wave or electrically driven lasers. Moreover, they exhibit significant promise for optoelectronic devices due to their chemically tunable optoelectronic properties and cost-effective self-assembly traits. Recently, a great progress has been made in organic solid-state lasers via spatially separated charge injection and lasing.

Designing Quasi-Intrinsic Photosensitizers with Dual Function of Fluorescence Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy.

Photosensitizers (PSs) with effective two-photon absorption in the therapeutic window are the key to two-photon photodynamic therapy. However, the traditional exogenous PSs usually lead to rejection in the body. Besides, the precise visualization of treatments proposes new demands and challenges for the design of PSs.

Three-dimensional structures of Vibrio cholerae typing podophage VP1 in two states.

Lytic podophages (VP1-VP5) play crucial roles in subtyping Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor. However, until now no structures of these phages have been available, which hindered our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of infection and DNA release. Here, we determined the cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of mature and DNA-ejected VP1 structures at near-atomic and subnanometer resolutions, respectively.

Efficient Energy Transfer Enabled by Dark States in van der Waals Heterostructures.

Dark exciton states show great potential in condensed matter physics and optoelectronics because of their long lifetime and rich distribution in band structures. Therefore, they can theoretically serve as efficient energy reservoirs, providing a platform for future applications. However, their optical-transition-forbidden nature severely limits their experimental exploration and hinders their current application.

V-Shaped Heterostructure Nanocavities Array with CM and EM Coupled Enhancement for Ultra-Sensitive SERS Substrate.

The field of semiconductor surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates has experienced significant advancements, leading to a wide range of applications in several fields. However, the quest for new ultra-sensitive semiconductor SERS materials is still of utmost importance. In this regard, an efficient and novel substrate, FTCNQ/MoS heterostructure is introduced, assisted by V-shaped aluminum anodic oxide (AAO) nanocavities with different depths.

Colloidal Synthesis of Blue-Emitting CsTmCl Nanocrystals via Localized Excitonic Recombination for Down-Conversion White Light-Emitting Diodes.

Lead-halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have gained significant attention for their promising applications in lighting and display technologies. However, blue-emitting NCs have struggled to match the high efficiency of their red and green counterparts. Moreover, many reported blue-emitting perovskite NCs contain heavy metal lead (Pb), which poses risks to human health and the environment.

A Review of Wide Bandgap Semiconductors: Insights into SiC, IGZO, and Their Defect Characteristics.

Although the irreplaceable position of silicon (Si) semiconductor materials in the field of information has become a consensus, new materials continue to be sought to expand the application range of semiconductor devices. Among them, research on wide bandgap semiconductors has already achieved preliminary success, and the relevant achievements have been applied in the fields of energy conversion, display, and storage. However, similar to the history of Si, the immature material grown and device manufacturing processes at the current stage seriously hinder the popularization of wide bandgap semiconductor-based applications, and one of the crucial issues behind this is the defect problem.

Preparation of interconnected tin oxide nanoparticles on multi-layered MXene for lithium storage anodes.

MXenes, a novel class of two-dimensional (2D) materials known for their excellent electronic conductivity and hydrophilicity, have emerged as promising candidates for lithium-ion battery anodes. This study presents a simple wet-chemical method for depositing interconnected SnO nanoparticles (NPs) onto MXene sheets. The SnO NPs act as both a high-capacity energy source and a spacer to prevent MXene sheets from restacking.

Novel nanoliter spray enhanced microwave plasma ionization mass spectrometry for the simultaneous detection of heavy metals and organic plasticizers in soil: A case study in a lead-acid battery industrial park.

Soil pollution is predominantly attributed to the presence of heavy metal elements and organic compounds; However, current detection methodologies are restricted to the identification of only one of these two sources at a time. A novel analytical approach, known as nanoliter spray enhanced microwave plasma ionization mass spectrometry (Nano-Spray-EMPI-MS), has been developed to facilitate the simultaneous detection of both heavy metals and organic pollutants in soil samples. This technique is characterized by its requirement for minimal sample volumes, thereby allowing for efficient and rapid analysis.

A Photo-Assisted Zinc-Air Battery with MoS/Oxygen Vacancies Rich TiO Heterojunction Photocathode.

Converting solar energy into electrochemical energy is a sustainable strategy, but the design of photo-assisted zinc-air battery (ZAB) with efficient utilization of sunlight faces huge challenges. Herein, a photo-assisted ZAB of a three-electrode system using MoS/oxygen vacancies-rich TiO heterojunction as charge cathode and Fe, N-doped carbon matrix (FeNC) as discharge cathode is constructed, where MoS is chosen as solar light-responsive catalytic material and TiO acts as electron transport layer and hole blocking layer, arising from a train of thought for efficient charging under sunlight irradiation and light-independent discharging. The introduction of oxygen vacancies in TiO facilitates the temporary trapping of carriers and triggers rapid carrier transfer at the interface of the heterojunction, which hinders the recombination of photogenerated holes, thereby facilitating their further participation in the oxygen evolution reaction.

Tumor Microenvironment Cascade Activated Biodegradable Nano-Enzymes for Glutathione-Depletion and Ultrasound-Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is emerged as a novel and promising tumor therapy by using the powerful reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill cancer cells. However, the current CDT is remarkably inhibited due to insufficient HO supply and over-expression of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, a biodegradable self-supplying HO nano-enzyme of CuO@CaP with a GSH-consumption effect is designed for cascade enhanced CDT to overcome the problem of HO deficiency and GSH overexpression.

Ultrasensitive dim-light neuromorphic vision sensing via momentum-conserved reconfigurable van der Waals heterostructure.

Reconfigurable phototransistors featuring bipolar photoresponses are favorable for manipulating high-performance neuromorphic vision sensory. Here, we present a momentum-conserved reconfigurable phototransistor based on the van der Waals heterojunction between methylammonium lead iodide perovskite and two-dimensional BiOSe semiconductor, which exhibits a synergistic interplay of interband hot-carrier transitions and reconfigurable heterointerface band alignments, eventually achieving the ultrahigh bipolar optoelectronic performances with the photoresponsivity of 6×10 AW, accompanied by the specific detectivity of 5.2×10 Jones, and the dynamic range of 110 dB.

Permeable void-free interface for all-solid-state alkali-ion polymer batteries.

All-solid-state batteries suffer from a loss of contact between the electrode and electrolyte particles, leading to poor cyclability. Here, a void-free ion-permeable interface between the solid-state polymer electrolyte and electrode is constructed in situ during cycling using charge/discharge voltage as the stimulus. During the charge-discharge, the permeation phase fills the voids at the interface and penetrates the electrode, forming strong bonds with the cathode and effectively mitigating the contact problem.

Extracting Thermodynamic Properties of Carbyne from Tip-Enhanced Raman Scattering Images.

The measurement of thermodynamic properties for nanosystems is essential to comprehend the inherent characteristics of nanomaterials. Traditional spectroscopy measurements, such as Raman or ultraviolet-visible spectroscopies, are limited to offering insights near the Γ point in the Brillouin zone and thus cannot precisely determine the system's thermodynamic properties, for example, heat capacity. Utilizing the intrinsic broad momentum distribution in highly confined plasmonic fields, here we take -hybridized carbyne as a proof-of-the-principle example to show that ultrahigh-resolution tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) images have the ability to access all -points in the phonon Brillouin zone of one-dimensional nanosystems, allowing the comprehensive determination of vibrational features and heat capacity for finite carbon chains.