Screen-Printing vs Additive Manufacturing Approaches: Recent Aspects and Trends Involving the Fabrication of Electrochemical Sensors.

A few decades ago, the technological boom revolutionized access to information, ushering in a new era of research possibilities. Electrochemical devices have recently emerged as a key scientific advancement utilizing electrochemistry principles to detect various chemical species. These versatile electrodes find applications in diverse fields, such as healthcare diagnostics and environmental monitoring.

Revealing Crucial Influences of Boron Support on Regulating Geometric and Electronic Structures of 3D Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Reactions.

Building insights into the structure-performance relationship of catalysts has been emphasized recently. However, it remains a challenge due to catalysts' various and complex structures, especially the easily overlooked influence of the support material. Here, we reveal the crucial influences of boron introduction on synthesizing 3D carbon nanotube monoliths with embedded multistate Co metals, i.

Toward Surface Passivation of Black Phosphorus via a Self-Assembled Ferrocene Molecular Layer.

Black phosphorus (BP), a promising two-dimensional material, faces significant challenges for its applications due to its instability in air and water. Herein, molecular dynamics simulations reveal that a self-assembled ferrocene (FeCp) molecular layer can form on BP surfaces and remain stable in aqueous environments, predicting its effectiveness for passivation. This theoretical finding is corroborated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopy observations.

Ordered Interfacial Water Generated at Poly(ionic liquid) Membrane Surface Imparts Ultrafast Water Transport and Superoleophobicity.

Achieving ultrahigh permeance and superoleophobicity is crucial for membrane application. Here, we demonstrated that a poly(ionic liquid)/PES hydrogel membrane can achieve dual goals. The high polarity of the ionic liquids induces the water molecules on the membrane surface to be arranged more ordered, as verified by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and advanced femtosecond sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy.

Normal tissue complication probability model for severe radiation-induced lymphopenia in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Background And Purpose: Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) may be associated with a worse prognosis in pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to develop a normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model to predict severe RIL in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Materials And Methods: We reviewed pancreatic cancer patients treated at our facility for model training and internal validation.

Understanding Adoption of Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) during a Health Emergency: An Analysis of EMR Usage Logs from Rural Health Facilities in the Philippines.

Background And Objective: The adoption of electronic medical records (EMRs) in the Philippines has been initiated and adjusted since the last decade through the Philippine eHealth Agenda framework. EMRs are known to improve clinical management and have been widely adopted in advanced economies. However, empirical research on EMR implementation remains limited.

From innovation to clinic: Emerging strategies harnessing electrically conductive polymers to enhance electrically stimulated peripheral nerve repair.

Peripheral nerve repair (PNR) is a major healthcare challenge due to the limited regenerative capacity of the nervous system, often leading to severe functional impairments. While nerve autografts are the gold standard, their implications are constrained by issues such as donor site morbidity and limited availability, necessitating innovative alternatives like nerve guidance conduits (NGCs). However, the inherently slow nerve growth rate (∼1 mm/day) and prolonged neuroinflammation, delay recovery even with the use of passive (no-conductive) NGCs, resulting in muscle atrophy and loss of locomotor function.

Radiomic signatures of brain metastases on MRI: utility in predicting pathological subtypes of lung cancer.

Background: The pathological sub-classification of lung cancer is crucial in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for patients. Quick and timely identification of pathological subtypes from imaging examinations rather than histological tests could help guiding therapeutic strategies. The aim of the study is to construct a non-invasive radiomics-based model for predicting the subtypes of lung cancer on brain metastases (BMs) from multiple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences.

Mitochondrial cholesterol metabolism related gene model predicts prognosis and treatment response in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: The persistently high mortality and morbidity rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain a global concern. Notably, the disruptions in mitochondrial cholesterol metabolism (MCM) play a pivotal role in the progression and development of HCC, underscoring the significance of this metabolic pathway in the disease's etiology. The purpose of this research was to investigate genes associated with MCM and develop a model for predicting the prognostic features of patients with HCC.

An immersive virtual reality exergame as a patient education approach in fibromyalgia: Pilot study.

Background: Immersive Virtual Reality (VR) has been applied in pain management for various conditions, but its use in fibromyalgia (FM) remains underexplored. While physical activity plays a role in treating FM, patients' low tolerance often limits its effectiveness. After reviewing the literature on VR and games for FM, we designed a novel VR exergame to assist FM patients in performing physical activity, and evaluate its feasibility.

Health literacy and breast cancer preventive practices among market women in Oshodi Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Background: Health literacy connotes understanding health-related issues and applying a clear understanding of implications in making decisions about one's healthcare needs. Early detection and prompt treatment are cornerstone strategies of breast cancer control. This study assessed the relationship between health literacy and breast cancer prevention practices.

Motion analysis of and experimental research on a magnetic and elastic coupling oscillation system.

To analyze the motion laws of a magnetic and elastic coupling system under the influence of various factors, this paper proposes a magnetic coupling pendulum based on spring pieces and magnets-a magnetic-mechanical oscillator. By fixing spring pieces onto two non-magnetic bases and attaching magnets to their upper ends, which repel each other, the potential energy during oscillation is expanded using Fourier series. Subsequently, Lagrange equations are solved to study the effects of the first two terms of potential energy.

Photodegradation, kinetics and non-linear error functions of methylene blue dye using SrZrO perovskite photocatalyst.

The degradation of methylene blue dye-contaminated wastewater via photocatalysis is an efficient approach towards environmental remediation. The SrZrO perovskite photocatalyst was synthesized using the modified Pechini sol-gel method, and characterized using XRD, FESEM, FTIR, and UV-visible spectrophotometer. Crystallite size obtained by the Scherrer and Williamson-Hall methods were 45.

The contribution of community transmission to the burden of hospital-associated pathogens: A systematic scoping review of epidemiological models.

Healthcare-associated infections (HAI), particularly those involving multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO), pose a significant public health threat. Understanding the transmission of these pathogens in short-term acute care hospitals (STACH) is crucial for effective control. Mathematical and computational models play a key role in studying transmission but often overlook the influence of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and the broader community on transmission.

In vivo three-photon fluorescence imaging of mouse brain vasculature labeled by Evans blue excited at the NIR-III window.

Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy (MFM), renowned for its noninvasiveness and high spatiotemporal resolution, is extensively applied in brain structure imaging in vivo. Three-photon fluorescence (3PF) imaging, excited at the NIR-III window, can penetrate the deepest mouse cerebrovascular. Evans blue, a substance known for its low toxicity, high water solubility, and resistance to metabolism, is frequently employed to assess blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability.

Camera-on-tip endoscope for cardiovascular diagnostics and surgical guidance.

Cardiovascular imaging with camera-on-tip endoscopes has the potential to provide physiologically relevant data on the tissue state and device placement that can improve clinical outcomes. In this work, we review the unmet clinical need for image-based cardiovascular diagnostics and guidance for minimally invasive procedures. We present a 7 Fr camera-on-tip endoscope with fibre-coupled multispectral illumination that includes methods for imaging in a blood-filled field of view (FOV).

Toxicity assessment and bioimaging potential of carbon dots synthesized from banana peel in zebrafish model.

Zebrafish serve as a pivotal model for bioimaging and toxicity assessments; however, the toxicity of banana peel-derived carbon dots in zebrafish has not been previously reported. The aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of carbon dots derived from banana peel in zebrafish, focusing on two types prepared through hydrothermal and pyrolysis methods. Banana peels were synthesized using hydrothermal and pyrolysis techniques and then compared for characteristics, bioimaging ability, and toxicity in zebrafish as an animal model.

Emergent superconductivity driven by Van Hove singularity in a Janus MoPS monolayer.

Two-dimensional (2D) Janus structures with the breaking of out-of-plane mirror symmetry can induce many interesting physical phenomena, and have attracted widespread attention. Herein, we propose a MoPS monolayer with mirror asymmetry, identified by first-principles structural search calculations, which demonstrates high thermodynamic and dynamic stability. Our findings reveal that Mo 4d-orbitals dominate the metallicity, significantly enhancing the density of states near the Fermi level due to Van Hove singularities (VHSs), leading to the existence of phonon-mediated superconductivity.

Metallic PtC monolayer as a promising hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst.

Reasonable design of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysts with low Pt loading and excellent catalytic performance is a key challenge in finding efficient and cost attractive catalysts. Pt with its unique d-electrons provides new opportunities for the development of HER catalysts when it forms compounds with highly earth-abundant C. Herein, we focused on designing highly efficient catalysts composed of Pt and C elements using first-principles structure search simulations, identifying four stability PtC monolayers.

Promising mechanical, electronic and piezoelectric properties of grapheneplus-like BCN monolayer: insights from first-principles.

Two-dimensional (2D) carbon allotropes, together with their binary and ternary counterparts, have attracted substantial research interest due to their peculiar geometries and properties. Among them, grapheneplus, a derivative of penta-graphene, has been proposed to exhibit unusual mechanical and electronic behaviour. In this work, we perform a comprehensive first-principles study on its isoelectronic and isostructural analogue, a grapheneplus-like BCN (gp-BCN) monolayer.

Deciphering the Sulfur-Involved Bonding Interactions in Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile: The Formation Thermodynamics and the Roles in Electrochemical Characteristics.

Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) exhibits a very high cycle stability by overcoming the shuttle effect of conventional Li-S batteries. However, there are still controversies in SPAN about the bonding types of sulfur with the matrix, their critical synthesis temperature regions, and their roles in the electrochemical lithium storage reaction, seriously hindering the economical synthesis of SPAN, the optimization of performances, and the exploration of other SPAN-like alternatives. The key to solving the above problems lies in accurate measurements of the thermodynamic evolution of bonding interactions in the synthesis process as well as in the electrochemical process.

Flaxseed gum nano-microcapsules loaded with secoisolariciresinol diglucoside: Preparation and characterization.

Flaxseed gum (FSG) has promising applications in the field of nano/microencapsulation for its biocompatibility and excellent physicochemical properties. In this study, FSG-based nano-microcapsules (FSG NPs) were prepared using high-speed shear homogenization combined with ultrasound for efficient encapsulation of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). The particle size of FSG stands for nano-microcapsules (NP) was determined to be 336.

Design of High-Temperature Superconducting Ternary Hydride NaY3H20 at Moderate Pressure via Introducing Hydrogen Vacancies.

Superconducting hydrides exhibiting a high critical temperature () under extreme pressures have garnered significant interest. However, the extremely high pressures required for their stability have limited their practical applications. The current challenge is to identify high- superconducting hydrides that can be stabilized at lower or even ambient pressures.

First-Principles Study of Anionic Diffusion in Two-Dimensional Lead Halide Perovskite Lateral Heterostructures.

Perovskite heterostructures have attracted wide interest for their photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. The interdiffusion of halide anions leads to the poor stability and shorter lifetime of the halide perovskite heterostructures. Covering organic cations on the surface of perovskite heterostructures, the diffusion of ions can effectively be suppressed.