Exercise Testing of Muscle Strength in Military.

Introduction: Strength training has been routinely used in exercise programs of military groups; however, no review has been ever conducted to clarify the selection of exercise tests to monitor its effectiveness. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to critically evaluate the current practices in the choice of assessment methods for muscle strength in military and suggest directions for future research.

Methods: The Scopus and Pubmed databases were searched in December 2018 using "fitness assessment OR muscle strength AND military OR army" as keywords.

Effect of periodic abstinence from dairy products for approximately half of the year on bone health in adults following the Christian Orthodox Church fasting rules for decades.

Unlabelled: Christian Orthodox Church (COC) fasting is characterized by periodic abstinence from animal foods (including dairy products). We found that, despite this, older individuals adhering to COC fasting for decades did not differ in bone mineral density, bone mineral content, or prevalence of osteoporosis at five sites from non-fasting controls.

Purpose: The present observational study investigated whether adherence to COC fasting, characterized by periodic abstinence from animal foods (including dairy products), affects bone health and the prevalence of osteoporosis in older individuals.

Exercise in the management of obesity.

Obesity is a multifactorial disease with increasing incidence and burden on societies worldwide. Obesity can be managed through everyday behavioral changes involving energy intake and energy expenditure. Concerning the latter, there is strong evidence that regular exercise contributes to body weight and fat loss, maintenance of body weight and fat reduction, and metabolic fitness in obesity.

Metabolomics in Human Acute-Exercise Trials: Study Design and Preparation.

Metabolomics can be of great value in the study of exercise metabolism. However, because of the high intraindividual and interindividual biological variability of the human metabolome, special considerations should be taken into account when designing an acute-exercise metabolomic study. To study different exercise parameters, e.

Increased Triacylglycerol Lipase Activity in Adipose Tissue of Lean and Obese Men During Endurance Exercise.

Context: Although there is increasing information on the mechanism of lipolysis in adipose tissue, the effect of exercise on individual factors of lipolysis is less well understood.

Objective: We compared changes in adipose-tissue triacylglycerol lipase activity and gene expression of adipose triacylglycerol lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), monoacylglycerol lipase, perilipin 1, and comparative gene identification 58 (CGI-58) during exercise between lean and obese men.

Design And Participants: Seven lean and nine obese men cycled for 30 minutes at a heart rate of 130 to 140 beats per minute.

Effects of Different Exercise Modes on the Urinary Metabolic Fingerprint of Men with and without Metabolic Syndrome.

Exercise is important in the prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of risk factors that raises morbidity. Metabolomics can facilitate the optimization of exercise prescription. This study aimed to investigate whether the response of the human urinary metabolic fingerprint to exercise depends on the presence of MetS or exercise mode.

Reliability of urine lactate as a novel biomarker of lactate production capacity in maximal swimming.

Context: Postexercise urine lactate may be a novel biomarker of lactate production capacity during exercise.

Objective: To evaluate the reliability and utility of the urine lactate concentration after maximal swimming trials between different training protocols (6 × 50 m and 3 × 100 m) and training states (active and nonactive swimmers).

Materials And Methods: Lactate and creatinine were determined by spectrophotometry in blood and urine.

Monitoring the Response of the Human Urinary Metabolome to Brief Maximal Exercise by a Combination of RP-UPLC-MS and (1)H NMR Spectroscopy.

The delineation of exercise biochemistry by utilizing metabolic fingerprinting has become an established strategy. We present a combined RP-UPLC-MS and (1)H NMR strategy, supplemented by photometric assays, to monitor the response of the human urinary metabolome to short maximal exercise. Seventeen male volunteers performed two identical sprint sessions on separate days, consisting of three 80 m maximal runs.