Teaching students to identify and document social determinants of health.

Purpose: Social determinants of health (SDH) are responsible for significant health disparities, morbidity and mortality. It is important to acculturate trainees to identify and document SDH. This can elevate their perceptions related to the importance and relevance of SDH.

Sport Specialization and Fitness and Functional Task Performance Among Youth Competitive Gymnasts.

Context: Gymnastics trains fundamental movement skills but has high rates of early sport specialization. Early specialization is associated with increased injury risk. Gymnasts devote time to developing technical skill, but whether specialization status influences performance is unknown.

Point-of-Care Clinical Trials in Sports Medicine Research: Identifying Effective Treatment Interventions Through Comparative Effectiveness Research.

Context: Recently, calls to conduct comparative effectiveness research (CER) in athletic training to better support patient care decisions have been circulated. Traditional research methods (eg, randomized controlled trials [RCTs], observational studies) may be ill suited for CER. Thus, innovative research methods are needed to support CER efforts.

Faculty perspectives on student attendance in undergraduate medical education.

Background: Lecture capture technology is widely available in undergraduate medical education and seems to impact class attendance. Further, there is limited understanding about faculty perceptions related to lecture capture and student attendance and how faculty advise students on issues of attendance in an environment where lecture capture is available and attendance is not required.

Objective: The purpose of the current study was to characterize faculty perceptions and preferences about student attendance, investigate faculty advising practices about attendance, and evaluate the potential impacts of low student attendance on faculty job satisfaction and teaching.

Gastrointestinal Beriberi and Wernicke's Encephalopathy Triggered by One Session of Heavy Drinking.

An otherwise healthy 30-year-old male acquired gastrointestinal beriberi and subsequent Wernicke's encephalopathy after 1 session of heavy drinking. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia relentlessly progressed. The patient developed external ophthalmoplegia after 2 months.

Vaccination Capability Inventory of Community, Migrant, and Homeless Health Centers: A Survey Report.

Context: Federally funded Community, Migrant, and Homeless Health Centers provide health services to the most vulnerable communities in the United States. However, little is known about their capabilities and processes for providing vaccinations to adults.

Program: We conducted the first national survey of health centers assessing their inventory, workflow, capacity for, and barriers to provision of routinely recommended adult vaccines.

The Crystalloid Co-Load: Clinically as Effective as Colloid Preload for Preventing Hypotension from Spinal Anaesthesia for Caesarean Delivery.

Objective: Colloid preloading diminishes post-spinal hypotension. However, whether colloid preloading is superior to crystalloid co-loading is uncertain. In this retrospective study, we compared the effects of a colloid preload versus a crystalloid co-load on vasopressor requirements and maternal haemodynamics among women undergoing elective caesarean delivery (CD) with spinal anaesthesia.

Patient, Injury, Assessment, and Treatment Characteristics and Return-to-Play Timelines After Sport-Related Concussion: An Investigation from the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network.

Objectives: To describe the patient, injury, assessment and treatment characteristics, as well as return-to-play timelines and clinical findings at discharge for adolescent patients after sport-related concussion.

Design: Retrospective analysis of electronic medical records.

Setting: Athletic training facilities of secondary school members of the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network (AT-PBRN).

SREAT presenting as decades of intractable seizures and isolated delusional episodes with clinical, laboratory, and EEG confirmation of treatment response.

We report a case of a 60-year-old woman with a history of intractable seizures and isolated delusional psychosis who was later diagnosed with steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis. The patient underwent right temporal lobectomy (epilepsy surgery) 15 years before coming to this clinic, but continued to have focal seizures, resulting in frequent emergency room visits thereafter. After admission for intensive inpatient video electroencephalogram monitoring and subsequent 7 months of close follow-up, both the electroencephalogram abnormalities and isolated delusional psychosis were found to be responsive to immunotherapy.

Colorectal Cancer: Applying the Value Transformation Framework to increase the percent of patients receiving screening in Federally Qualified Health Centers.

Background: Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. and third-most common cancer in both men and women.

Appropriate Medical Care Standards for Organizations Sponsoring Athletic Activity for the Secondary School-Aged Athlete: A Summary Statement.

Objective: To present the appropriate medical care standards for organizations that sponsor athletic activities for secondary school-aged athletes.

Data Sources: To develop the current standards and identify current best-practices evidence, the task force used a multistep process that included reviewing the existing 2004 Appropriate Medical Care for Secondary School-Aged Athletes consensus points and cross-referencing of National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) statements and official documents from the strategic alliance (the NATA, NATA Foundation, Board of Certification, and Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education). Gaps in the recommendations from the 2004 Appropriate Medical Care for Secondary School-Aged Athletes document were identified by the task force, and the new appropriate medical care standards were developed and refined.

Implementation Science: Lessons Learned From Evaluating Practice Recommendations for the Care of Patients With Spine Injuries.

Health care providers are encouraged to provide care according to practice recommendations because these suggestions should improve patient care and promote optimal patient outcomes. The goals of these practice recommendations are to improve patient care and promote optimal patient outcomes. However, without integration into clinical practice, the value of practice recommendations in supporting patient care is lost.

Use of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Athletic Training: Common Measures, Selection Considerations, and Practical Barriers.

Context: Current evidence suggests that a low percentage of athletic trainers (ATs) routinely use patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). An understanding of the perceptions of ATs who use (AT-USE) and who do not use (AT-NON) PROMs as well as any differences due to demographic characteristics (eg, use for patient care or research, job setting, highest education level) may help facilitate the use of PROMs in athletic training.

Objective: To describe commonly used PROMs by AT-USE, the criteria by which AT-USE select PROMs, and reasons for non-use by AT-NON.

Curcuminoids: Implication for inflammation and oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases.

It has been extensively verified that inflammation and oxidative stress play important roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Curcuminoids, from the plant Curcuma longa, have three major active ingredients, which include curcumin (curcumin I), demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcuminoids have been used in traditional medicine for CVDs' management and other comorbidities for centuries.

A Process for Assessment and Quality Improvement of the Clerkship Curriculum.

Reliance on the apprenticeship model of education in the clerkship years of medical education persists despite concerns with variability in educational delivery and outcomes. Although many institutions are addressing this variability, there needs to be a clear and objective method to assess what is working. Evaluating these educational experiences is an essential component to ensure that students graduate prepared to enter residency.

Medical School Strategies to Address Student Well-Being: A National Survey.

Purpose: To describe the breadth of strategies U.S. medical schools use to promote medical student well-being.

Disablement Model and Health-Related Quality of Life Classification for Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Instruments.

Context: The National Institutes of Health created a medical research road map that included the development of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). A key feature of PROMIS was the development of patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) addressing various aspects of health. Understanding disablement dimensions and health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) domains captured through PROMIS measures will help with instrument selection.

EVALUATION OF VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL SACCADES USING THE DEVELOPMENTAL EYE MOVEMENT TEST COMPARED TO THE KING-DEVICK TEST.

Background: Oculomotor function is impaired when an individual has a concussion and as such, it is important to identify tests that are able to assess oculomotor impairment. The King-Devick (K-D) test assesses horizontal saccadic eye movement and attention. The Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test is designed to identify oculomotor dysfunction in children.

Demographic, Parental, and Personal Factors and Youth Athletes' Concussion-Related Knowledge and Beliefs.

Context:: Currently, significant attention is focused on improving care for patients with concussions through legislative mandates that include educational interventions. Few researchers have examined young athletes' concussion knowledge and the factors that may influence their knowledge.

Objective:: To use the socioecological model to examine demographic, parental, and personal factors associated with youth athletes' knowledge of concussion.

Ten tips to encourage student interaction with screen-capture type vodcasts.

Video podcasts (vodcasts) are gaining popularity in medical education, but they can be a passive learning modality if students do not actively engage with the content. Of the two categories of vodcast software, screen-capture (mp4 output) and Flash™ (HTML5/Flash output), screen-capture has greater potential to result in passive learning because students cannot physically interact with the content. However, screen-capture offers several advantages for the producer (often faculty) and the consumer (students).

Gaming science innovations to integrate health systems science into medical education and practice.

Health systems science (HSS) is an emerging discipline addressing multiple, complex, interdependent variables that affect providers' abilities to deliver patient care and influence population health. New perspectives and innovations are required as physician leaders and medical educators strive to accelerate changes in medical education and practice to meet the needs of evolving populations and systems. The purpose of this paper is to introduce gaming science as a lens to magnify HSS integration opportunities in the scope of medical education and practice.

Utility of a High-Resolution Superficial Diagnostic Ultrasound System for Assessing Skin Thickness: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Compared with other imaging modalities, ultrasound is relatively deeply penetrating and can be used to evaluate deep dermal and subcutaneous structures.

Objective: Image skin thickness of the face and neck using high-frequency diagnostic ultrasound devices.

Materials And Methods: Skin overlying 20 different predesignated face and neck anatomic sites in 32 individuals was imaged using 2 commercially available high-frequency diagnostic ultrasound devices, a dedicated imaging device and a diagnostic device bundled with a therapeutic device.

Tracking Active Learning in the Medical School Curriculum: A Learning-Centered Approach.

Background: Medical education is moving toward active learning during large group lecture sessions. This study investigated the saturation and breadth of active learning techniques implemented in first year medical school large group sessions.

Methods: Data collection involved retrospective curriculum review and semistructured interviews with 20 faculty.

Subcutaneous infiltration of carbon dioxide (carboxytherapy) for abdominal fat reduction: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Noninvasive fat removal is preferred because of decreased downtime and lower perceived risk. It is important to seek new noninvasive fat removal treatments that are both safe and efficacious.

Objective: To assess the extent to which carboxytherapy, which is the insufflation of carbon dioxide gas into subcutaneous fat, results in reduction of fat volume.