Classification of Shoulder Implant Manufacturer Using Pre-Trained DenseNet201 Combined With Capsule Network.

Background: This study aims to accelerate revision surgery and treatment using X-ray imaging and deep learning to identify shoulder implant manufacturers in advance.

Methods: A feature engineering approach based on principal component analysis and a k-means algorithm was used to cluster shoulder implant data. In addition, a pre-trained DenseNet201 combined with a capsule network (DenseNet201-Caps) shoulder implant classification model was proposed.

Potential therapeutic targets of gastric cancer explored under endogenous network modeling of clinical data.

Improvement in the survival rate of gastric cancer, a prevalent global malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality calls for more avenues in molecular therapy. This work aims to comprehend drug resistance and explore multiple-drug combinations for enhanced therapeutic treatment. An endogenous network modeling clinic data with core gastric cancer molecules, functional modules, and pathways is constructed, which is then transformed into dynamics equations for in-silicon studies.

Construction and validation of a method for automated time label segmentation of heart sounds.

Heart sound detection technology plays an important role in the prediction of cardiovascular disease, but the most significant heart sounds are fleeting and may be imperceptible. Hence, obtaining heart sound information in an efficient and accurate manner will be helpful for the prediction and diagnosis of heart disease. To obtain heart sound information, we designed an audio data analysis tool to segment the heart sounds from single heart cycle, and validated the heart rate using a finger oxygen meter.

A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Method for Omnidirectional Walking of Bipedal Robots.

Achieving omnidirectional walking for bipedal robots is considered one of the most challenging tasks in robotics technology. Reinforcement learning (RL) methods have proved effective in bipedal walking tasks. However, most existing methods use state machines to switch between multiple policies and achieve omnidirectional gait, which results in shaking during the policy switching process for bipedal robots.

Design, Control, and Validation of a Symmetrical Hip and Straight-Legged Vertically-Compliant Bipedal Robot.

This paper presents the development, modeling, and control of L03, an underactuated 3D bipedal robot with symmetrical hips and straight legs. This innovative design requires only five actuators, two for the legs and three for the hips. This paper is divided into three parts: (1) mechanism design and kinematic analysis; (2) trajectory planning for the center of mass and foot landing points based on the Divergent Component of Motion (DCM), enabling lateral and forward walking capabilities for the robot; and (3) gait stability analysis through prototype experiments.

Design, Modeling, and Control of a New Multi-Motion Mobile Robot Based on Spoked Mecanum Wheels.

This paper presents an exciting and meaningful design to make mobile robots capable of adapting to various terrains. We designed a relatively simple and novel composite motion mechanism called the flexible spoked mecanum (FSM) wheel and created a mobile robot, LZ-1, with multiple motion modes based on the FSM wheel. Based on the motion analysis of the FSM wheel, we designed an omnidirectional motion mode for this robot, allowing it to move flexibly in all directions and successfully traverse rugged terrains.

Vigilant Attention, Cerebral Blood Flow and Grey Matter Volume Change after 36 h of Acute Sleep Deprivation in Healthy Male Adults: A Pilot Study.

It is commonly believed that alertness and attention decrease after sleep deprivation (SD). However, there are not enough studies on the changes in psychomotor vigilance testing (PVT) during SD and the corresponding changes in brain function and brain structure after SD. Therefore, we recruited 30 healthy adult men to perform a 36 h acute SD experiment, including the measurement of five indicators of PVT every 2 h, and analysis of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and grey matter volume (GMV) changes, before and after SD by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The robust UCATR algorithm enhances the specificity and sensitivity to detect the infarct of acute ischaemic stroke within 6 hours of onset via non-contrast computed tomography images.

Problem Background: Early detection of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) may provide patients with benefits against harmful health and financial impacts. The use of non-contrast computed tomography images for early detect of the infarct remains controversial.

Materials & Methods: Here, we used the UCATR algorithm to extract the pixel values of the infarct and the corresponding contralateral healthy area as the control surface in each NCCT slice for the whole brain.

Automatic counting of retinal ganglion cells in the entire mouse retina based on improved YOLOv5.

Glaucoma is characterized by the progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), although the pathogenic mechanism remains largely unknown. To study the mechanism and assess RGC degradation, mouse models are often used to simulate human glaucoma and specific markers are used to label and quantify RGCs. However, manually counting RGCs is time-consuming and prone to distortion due to subjective bias.

[Electrocardiogram data recognition algorithm based on variable scale fusion network model].

The judgment of the type of arrhythmia is the key to the prevention and diagnosis of early cardiovascular disease. Therefore, electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis has been widely used as an important basis for doctors to diagnose. However, due to the large differences in ECG signal morphology among different patients and the unbalanced distribution of categories, the existing automatic detection algorithms for arrhythmias have certain difficulties in the identification process.

One-Step Formation of Low Work-Function, Transparent and Conductive MgF O Electron Extraction for Silicon Solar Cells.

The development of high-performance dopant-free silicon solar cells is severely bottlenecked by opaque electron selective contact. In this paper, high transmittance (80.5% on glass) and low work function (2.

Characterizing the Conformational Distribution in an Amorphous Film of an Organic Emitter and Its Application in a "Self-Doping" Organic Light-Emitting Diode.

The conformational distribution and mutual interconversion of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters significantly affect the exciton utilization. However, their influence on the photophysics in amorphous film states is still not known due to the lack of a suitable quantitative analysis method. Herein, we used temperature-dependent time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy to quantitatively measure the relative populations of the conformations of a TADF emitter for the first time.

Efficient Stabilization and Passivation for Low-Temperature-Processed γ-CsPbI Solar Cells.

The inorganic CsPbI perovskite has attracted tremendous attention in the photovoltaic fields for its chemical stability and suitable band gap. Generally, CsPbI solar cells with decent performances adopted high annealing temperature to form high-quality black-phase perovskite films. The high-temperature process hinders its practical application and further development.

CMOS Fixed Pattern Noise Elimination Based on Sparse Unidirectional Hybrid Total Variation.

With the improvement of semiconductor technology, the performance of CMOS Image Sensor has been greatly improved, reaching the same level as that of CCD in dark current, linearity and readout noise. However, due to the production process, CMOS has higher fix pattern noise than CCD at present. Therefore, the removal of CMOS fixed pattern noise has become the research content of many scholars.

Interface metallization enabled an ultra-stable FeO hierarchical anode for pseudocapacitors.

Despite significant advances in cathode materials, developing high-performance anodes remains a key challenge for future pseudocapacitors. FeO has been considered as a promising anode candidate due to its high theoretical capacitance, environmental benignity, and earth-abundant characteristics. However, the low electronic conductivity and poor cyclability of FeO significantly limit its practical application.

Enhanced Charge Transport in Conventional Polymer Solar Cells with a Perovskite-Type LaNiO Layer.

In this study, a novel metal oxide, lanthanum nickelate (LNO) with a perovskite structure, was introduced into a polymer solar cell (PSC) device, replacing the PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer (HTL). The results show that the LNO-based PTB7-Th:PCBM solar cell exhibits a higher circuit current density, power conversion efficiency, and stability compared with a device with PEDOT:PSS HTL. To understand the effect of LNO HTL on the performance of devices, the active layer morphology and charge transport characteristics in PSCs were systematically analyzed.

One- and two-photon absorption properties of quadrupolar A-π-D-π-A dyes with donors of varying strengths.

In this work, the one- and two-photon absorption properties of two quadrupolar A-π-D-π-A dyes, featuring carbazole and triphenylamine as donors of varying strengths, are calculated using density functional theory. The characteristics of two-photon excitation are analysed by using the three-state model closest to the real physical process. By taking the intermediate state as a bridge, the charge transfer characteristics in the two-photon excitation process are studied in detail by using various visualisation methods.

A Humid-Air-Operable, NO-Responsive Polymer Transistor Series Circuit with Improved Signal-to-Drift Ratio Based on Polymer Semiconductor Oxidation.

A subparts per million-sensitive nitrogen dioxide (NO) sensing circuit with improved humid air stability was realized incorporating UV-ozone treatment on a poly(bisdodecylquaterthiophene)/polystyrene blend film. The circuit consisted of a pair of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) in series, one OFET with and one without this treatment. In contrast to most previous OFET sensors, the readout was obtained from the voltage at a point between the OFETs.

Photonic Crystal Fiber Plasmonic Sensor Based on Dual Optofluidic Channel.

A hexagonal photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor with a dual optofluidic channel based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect is proposed. The sensor characteristic is numerically explored by software integrated with the finite element method (FEM). The numerical results show that, when the analyte refractive index (RI) varies from 1.

Magnetic field assisted beam-scanning leaky-wave antenna utilizing one-way waveguide.

We propose a Leaky-Wave Antenna (LWA) based on one-way yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG)-air-metal waveguide. We first analyze the dispersion of the LWA, showing the one-way feature and the radiation loss. Owing to the unique one-way dispersive property, the beam radiated from the LWA can have very narrow beam width, at the same time having large scanning angle.

A high performance electroformed single-crystallite VO threshold switch.

Threshold switches (TSs) are an effective approach for resolving the sneak path problem within a memristor array. VO is a promising material for fabricating high-performance TSs. Here we report a single crystal VO-based TS device with high switching performance.

Two-Sided Topological Architecture on a Monolithic Flexible Substrate for Ultrasensitive Strain Sensors.

Flexible ultrasensitive strain sensors are highly desirable in view of their widespread applications in wearable electronics, health monitoring systems, and smart robots, where subtle strain detection is required. However, traditional fabrication of such sensors was done to prepare sensitive layers on bare or single-sided structural substrates, leading to limited sensitivity. Herein, a stretchable resistive-type strain sensor was demonstrated by self-assembling conductive networks onto a monolithic polydimethylsiloxane substrate with a two-sided topological design, for example, a sinusoid/auxetic binary architecture.