Bioinformatics analysis and validation of mesenchymal stem cells related gene MT1G in osteosarcoma.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor arising from mesenchymal cells. The standard clinical treatment for OS involves extensive tumor resection combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy. OS's invasiveness, lung metastasis, and drug resistance contribute to a low cure rate and poor prognosis with this treatment.

Recurrence Characteristics on Optical Coherence Tomography and Treatments of Reis-Bücklers Corneal Dystrophy After Phototherapeutic Keratectomy or Penetrating Keratoplasty.

Purpose: To evaluate the recurrence characteristics on optical coherence tomography and clinical outcomes after phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) or penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in patients with Reis-Bücklers corneal dystrophy (RBCD).

Design: Retrospective interventional case series.

Methods: Seventeen patients with RBCD (31 eyes, including 6 surgery-naïve eyes and 25 surgical eyes) received 44 surgical interventions from 1996 through 2022.

Advances in Nanotechnology for Enhancing the Solubility and Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs.

This manuscript offers a comprehensive overview of nanotechnology's impact on the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs, with a focus on BCS Class II and IV drugs. We explore various nanoscale drug delivery systems (NDDSs), including lipid-based, polymer-based, nanoemulsions, nanogels, and inorganic carriers. These systems offer improved drug efficacy, targeting, and reduced side effects.

Accuracy of Modern Intraocular Lens Formulas in Highly Myopic Eyes Implanted With Plate-Haptic Intraocular Lenses.

Purpose: To evaluate the predictive accuracy of modern intraocular lens (IOL) formulas and axial length (AL) adjusted traditional IOL formulas, including Wang-Koch and Cooke-modified AL (CMAL) method, in long eyes with plate-haptic IOLs, and to compare refractive prediction error variances with C-loop IOLs.

Design: Retrospective consecutive case series study.

Methods: Data from 391 eyes with Zeiss 509 M and 302 eyes with Alcon SN6CWS implants in highly myopic patients, following cataract surgery from January 2019 to November 2023, were collected.

Visual Tracking in Amblyopia: A Continuous Psychophysical Approach.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of the observed visuomotor deficit in amblyopia.

Methods: Twenty-four amblyopic (25.8 ± 3.

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Prescription Determination for Orthokeratology Lens Fitting: From Algorithm to Clinical Practice.

Objectives: To explore the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to assist prescription determination for orthokeratology (OK) lenses.

Methods: Artificial intelligence algorithm development followed by a real-world trial. A total of 11,502 OK lenses fitting records collected from seven clinical environments covering major brands.

Optochemical control of slow-wave sleep in the nucleus accumbens of male mice by a photoactivatable allosteric modulator of adenosine A receptors.

Optochemistry, an emerging pharmacologic approach in which light is used to selectively activate or deactivate molecules, has the potential to alleviate symptoms, cure diseases, and improve quality of life while preventing uncontrolled drug effects. The development of in-vivo applications for optochemistry to render brain cells photoresponsive without relying on genetic engineering has been progressing slowly. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a region for the regulation of slow-wave sleep (SWS) through the integration of motivational stimuli.

Glucocorticoid therapy for sepsis in the AI era: a survey on current and future approaches.

Sepsis, a life-threatening medical condition, manifests as new or worsening organ failures due to a dysregulated host response to infection. Many patients with sepsis have manifested a hyperinflammatory phenotype leading to the identification of inflammatory modulation by corticosteroids as a key treatment modality. However, the optimal use of corticosteroids in sepsis treatment remains a contentious subject, necessitating a deeper understanding of their physiological and pharmacological effects.

[ optical assessment of three types of non-diffractive extended depth-of-focus intraocular lenses].

To evaluate the optical performance of three types of non-diffractive extended depth-of-focus (EDoF) intraocular lenses (IOLs). Experimental study. Three Vivity IOLs, three Eyhance IOLs, and three ES60 IOLs were included.

UGLS: an uncertainty guided deep learning strategy for accurate image segmentation.

Accurate image segmentation plays a crucial role in computer vision and medical image analysis. In this study, we developed a novel uncertainty guided deep learning strategy (UGLS) to enhance the performance of an existing neural network (i.e.

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthetase/stimulator of interferon genes signaling aggravated corneal allograft rejection through neutrophil extracellular traps.

The activation of innate immunity following transplantation has been identified as a crucial factor in allograft inflammation and rejection. However, the role of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling-mediated innate immunity in the pathogenesis of allograft rejection remains unclear. Utilizing a well-established murine model of corneal transplantation, we demonstrated increased expression of cGAS and STING in rejected-corneal allografts compared with syngeneic (Syn) and normal (Nor) corneas, along with significant activation of the cGAS/STING pathway, as evidenced by the enhanced phosphorylation of TANK-binding kinase 1and interferon regulatory factor 3.

Cascade Reactions Catalyzed by Gold Hybrid Nanoparticles Generate CO Gas Against Periodontitis in Diabetes.

The treatment of diabetic periodontitis poses a significant challenge due to the presence of local inflammation characterized by excessive glucose concentration, bacterial infection, and high oxidative stress. Herein, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are embellished with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and loaded with manganese carbonyl to prepare a carbon monoxide (CO) enhanced multienzyme cooperative hybrid nanoplatform (MSN-Au@CO). The Glucose-like oxidase activity of Au NPs catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to hydrogen peroxide (HO) and gluconic acid，and then converts HO to hydroxyl radicals (•OH) by peroxidase-like activity to destroy bacteria.

Targeting dysregulated lipid metabolism for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: Current advancements and future prospects.

Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are two of the most frequent neurological diseases. The clinical features of AD are memory decline and cognitive dysfunction, while PD mainly manifests as motor dysfunction such as limb tremors, muscle rigidity abnormalities, and slow gait. Abnormalities in cholesterol, sphingolipid, and glycerophospholipid metabolism have been demonstrated to directly exacerbate the progression of AD by stimulating Aβ deposition and tau protein tangles.

Study of association between corneal shape parameters and axial length elongation during orthokeratology using image-pro plus software.

Background: The aim was to validate the correlation between corneal shape parameters and axial length growth (ALG) during orthokeratology using Image-Pro Plus (IPP) 6.0 software.

Methods: This retrospective study used medical records of myopic children aged 8-13 years (n = 104) undergoing orthokeratology.

Pioglitazone ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury via oxidative stress attenuation and NLRP3 inflammasome.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a severe clinical condition. ROS accumulation, antioxidant pathways deficiency, and inflammation are involved in IRI. Pioglitazone (Pio) exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

[Design of Remote Slit Lamp Diagnosis Platform Based on IoT Technology].

In order to realize the diagnosis of slit lamp in cross-regional patients and improve the real-time and convenience of diagnosis, a remote slit lamp diagnosis platform based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology is designed. Firstly, the feasibility of remote slit lamp is analyzed. Secondly, the IoT platform architecture of doctor/server/facility (D/S/F) is proposed and a remote slit lamp is designed.

U-NTCA: nnUNet and nested transformer with channel attention for corneal cell segmentation.

Background: Automatic segmentation of corneal stromal cells can assist ophthalmologists to detect abnormal morphology in confocal microscopy images, thereby assessing the virus infection or conical mutation of corneas, and avoiding irreversible pathological damage. However, the corneal stromal cells often suffer from uneven illumination and disordered vascular occlusion, resulting in inaccurate segmentation.

Methods: In response to these challenges, this study proposes a novel approach: a nnUNet and nested Transformer-based network integrated with dual high-order channel attention, named U-NTCA.

The dawn of a new Era: mRNA vaccines in colorectal cancer immunotherapy.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a typical cancer that accounts for 10% of all new cancer cases annually and nearly 10% of all cancer deaths. Despite significant progress in current classical interventions for CRC, these traditional strategies could be invasive and with numerous adverse effects. The poor prognosis of CRC patients highlights the evident and pressing need for more efficient and targeted treatment.

Early detection of optic nerve head changes using optical coherence tomography after using mesenchymal stromal cells as intravitreal therapy in rabbit models of ocular hypertension.

Background And Aim: Stem cell therapy is considered a promising treatment for several neurodegenerative diseases. However, there are very few studies on the use of this therapy in glaucoma models. By detecting the changes produced by glaucoma early, cell therapy could help prevent the events that lead to blindness.

Diabetes Distress Among Patients Undergoing Surgery for Diabetic Retinopathy and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: Diabetes distress (DD) is a negative emotion related to diabetes management and a predictor of depression; it affects diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients' quality of life and disease outcomes. The prevalence of DD was higher in patients undergoing surgery for DR. However, few studies have been conducted on DD in DR surgery patients.

Correlation of retrobulbar perfusion deficits with glaucomatous visual field defects.

Purpose: This study is to evaluate the correlation between retrobulbar perfusion deficits and glaucomatous visual field defects.

Methods: Eighty-four patients with glaucoma and 17 normal subjects serving as controls were selected. Color Doppler imaging (CDI) was used to measure the changes in blood flow parameters in the retrobulbar ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs).

Reduced Monocular Luminance Promotes Fusion But Not Mixed Perception in Amblyopia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand how monocular luminance reduction affects binocular balance and examine whether it differentially influences fusion and mixed perception in amblyopia.

Methods: Twenty-three normally sighted observers and 12 adults with amblyopia participated in this study. A novel binocular rivalry task was used to measure the phase duration of four perceptual responses (right- and left-tilts, fusion, and mixed perception) before and after a neutral density (ND) filter was applied at various levels to the dominant eye (DE) of controls and the fellow eye (FE) of patients with amblyopia.

Multifaceted roles of cohesin in regulating transcriptional loops.

Cohesin is required for chromatin loop formation. However, its precise role in regulating gene transcription remains largely unknown. We investigated the relationship between cohesin and RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) using single-molecule mapping and live-cell imaging methods in human cells.