Enantiomer-Dependent Supramolecular Antibacterial Therapy for Drug-Resistant Bacterial Keratitis.

Bacteria have the potential to exhibit divergent stereochemical preferences for different levels of chiral structures, including from molecule, supramolecule, to nanomicroscale helical structure. Accordingly, the structure-activity relationship between chirality and bactericidal activity remains uncertain. In this study, we seek to understand the multivalent molecular chirality effect of chiral supramolecular polymers on antibacterial activity.

T cell immune evasion by SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 escapees targeting two cytotoxic T cell epitope hotspots.

Although antibody escape is observed in emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants, T cell escape, especially after the global circulation of BA.2.86/JN.

The corneal biomechanical changes of phacoemulsification in cataract patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the corneal biomechanical properties of phacoemulsification in the treatment of cataract patients.

Methods: Pertinent studies were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and clinicaltrials.gov.

ENO2-Regulated Glycolysis in Endothelial Cells Contributes to FGF2-Induced Retinal Neovascularization.

Purpose: Ocular neovascularization is a major cause of blindness. Although fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of angiogenesis, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of FGF2 in retinal neovascularization and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Inactivation of antibiotic resistant bacteria by nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots through spontaneous generation of intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species.

The widespread antibiotic resistance has called for alternative antimicrobial agents. Carbon nanomaterials, especially carbon quantum dots (CQDs), may be promising alternatives due to their desirable physicochemical properties and potential antimicrobial activity, but their antimicrobial mechanism remains to be investigated. In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) were synthesized to inactivate antibiotic-resistant bacteria and treat bacterial keratitis.

Adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization in resected macrotrabecular-massive hepatocellular carcinoma (ATAC-MACRO): a multicenter real-world retrospective study.

Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the impact of postoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) on the prognosis of patients with macrotrabecular-massive hepatocellular carcinoma (MTM-HCC).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study used the clinical records of patients with resected MTM-HCC with/without adjuvant TACE at three centers between January 2015 and December 2022. The primary end point was recurrence free survival (RFS).

PDGFR-α shRNA encoded nanoparticle with epithelial mesenchymal transformation interfering for corneal scarring treatment.

Maintaining the clarity of the cornea is crucial for optimal vision. Corneal scarring (CS), resulting from corneal inflammation, trauma, or surgery, can lead to a reduction in corneal transparency and visual impairment. While corneal transplantation is the primary method for restoring vision, the limited availability of corneal donor presents a significant challenge on a global scale.

Engineered Neutrophil Nanovesicles for Inhibiting Corneal Neovascularization by Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-VEGF, and Chemoexcited Photodynamic Therapy.

Corneal neovascularization (CorNV) develops under various pathological conditions and is one of the main causes of blindness. Due to that CorNV progression involves multiple steps, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs alone could not sufficiently suppress this process, highlighting an urgent need for an efficient delivery system for the multi-step management of CorNV. In this study, a neutrophil nanovesicle-based eye drop (NCCR) is developed for CorNV therapy that simultaneously inhibits angiogenesis and inflammation, while eliminating pathological cells through chemoexcited photodynamic therapy (PDT).

From diagnosis to treatment: exploring the mechanisms underlying optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, commonly causing sensory disturbances, motor weakness, impaired gait, incoordination and optic neuritis (ON). According to the statistics, up to 50% of MS patients experience vision problems during the disease course, suffering from blurred vision, pain, color vision deficits, and even blindness. Treatments have progressed from corticosteroids to therapies targeted against B/T cells.

Fluorinated multifunctional polymer vesicles for enhanced ocular surface penetration and synergistic treatment of dry eye disease.

Current pharmacotherapy for DED is limited by a vicious inflammatory cycle in which reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role. Additionally, topical eye drop therapy for DED often suffers from poor ocular availability due to multiple ocular surface barriers. Considering the key role of the ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β signaling axis in DED, in this investigation, fluorinated multifunctional polymer vesicles were developed for enhanced ocular surface penetration and synergistic DED therapy by combining ROS scavenging and immunomodulation.

Mitochondrial Localization of Antioxidant Nanodrug Suppresses Ocular Inflammation by Alleviating Oxidative Stress on Cells.

External environments (e.g., pollutants, irritants, ultraviolet radiation, etc) probably activate oxidative stress on the ocular surface, further leading to inflammatory responses and cellular apoptosis.

An efficient, high-throughput enrichment system for the rapid detection of E. coli at low concentrations in water.

Certain virulent strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli), notably the enterohemorrhagic serotype O157:H7, are recognized for causing diarrhea, gastroenteritis, and a range of illnesses that pose significant risks to public health and the safety of drinking water supplies. Early detection and management of E.

Hyperosmotic stress-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the mechanosensitive PIEZO1 channel in dry eye corneal epithelium.

Unlabelled: The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by hyperosmotic stress is a critical pathophysiological response in dry eye disease (DED), driving the chronic cycle of inflammation on the ocular surface. The specific mechanism underlying hyperosmotic mechanical stimulation activates the NLRP3 inflammasome remains unclear. This study provides evidence that PIEZO1, a mechanosensitive ion channel, functions as the primary receptor for corneal epithelial cells in sensing mechanical stimulation induced by tear hyperosmolarity.

Targeting the glymphatic system to promote α-synuclein clearance: a novel therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease.

The excessive buildup of neurotoxic α-synuclein plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, highlighting the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies to promote α-synuclein clearance, particularly given the current lack of disease-modifying treatments. The glymphatic system, a recently identified perivascular fluid transport network, is crucial for clearing neurotoxic proteins. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the role of the glymphatic system in α-synuclein clearance and its implications for the pathology of Parkinson's disease while emphasizing potential therapeutic strategies and areas for future research.

Skin-Interfaced Wearable Sensor for Long-Term Reliable Monitoring of Uric Acid and pH in Sweat.

Wearable sweat sensors offering real-time monitoring of biomarker levels suffer from stability and accuracy issues, primarily due to low biomarker concentrations, fluctuating sweat pH, and material detachment from sensor deformation. Here, we developed a wearable sensing system integrated with two advanced electrodes and a flexible microchannel for long-term reliable monitoring of sweat pH and uric acid (UA). By printing the ink doped with nanomaterials (CoO@CuCoO and polyaniline), we achieved highly stable electrodes for the direct analysis of perspiration, without additional surface modification.

Impact of leachate from boiled-water-treated plastic products on male reproductive health: Insights from transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling.

Given the extensive use of plastic materials in modern society, there is an escalating concern about the potential risks associated with exposure to plastic products. This study investigated the impact of plastic leachates from boiled-water-treated cups, including polypropylene (PP), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), on male reproductive health. Experimental mice were administered daily doses of the plastic leachates for 180 consecutive days.

The Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Derived Formulations in Cancer Immunotherapy: A Review.

Background: Cancer immunotherapy is an advanced therapeutic approach that harnesses the body's immune system to target and eliminate tumor cells. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with a history rooted in centuries of clinical practice, plays a crucial role in enhancing immune responses, alleviating cancer-related symptoms, and reducing the risks of infections and complications in cancer patients.

Methodology: This review systematically examines the current literature on TCM-based formulations in cancer immunotherapy.

Study on Visual Quality After Cataract Surgery and Goniosynechialysis in Patients with Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma and Cataracts.

Objective: To assess the visual quality in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) complicated by cataracts after cataract phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and goniosynechialysis, and to explore the relationship between pupil size and visual quality.

Methods: A retrospective, non-randomized study was conducted, including 65 PACG patients (75 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery with IOL implantation and goniosynechialysis from July 2021 to June 2023, as well as a control group of cataract-only patients. Visual quality was evaluated using objective and subjective methods at least 3 months postoperatively.

A Bioinspired Virus-Like Mechano-Bactericidal Nanomotor for Ocular Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infection Treatment.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and their associated biofilms are major causative factors in eye infections, often resulting in blindness and presenting considerable global health challenges. Presently, mechano-bactericidal systems, which combine distinct topological geometries with mechanical forces to physically induce bacterial apoptosis, show promising potential. However, the physical interaction process between current mechano-bactericidal systems and bacteria is generally based on passive diffusion or Brownian motion and lacks the force required for biofilm penetration; thus, featuring low antibacterial efficacy.

Intratumor microbiota and colorectal cancer: Comprehensive and lucid review.

As a key component of tumor microenvironment, the microbiota has gradually played a key role in cancer research. Particularly in colorectal cancer, the specific population of microbiota within the tumor shows a strong association with the tumor type. Although the existence and potential role of microbiota in tumors have been recognized, the specific associations between the microbiota and tumor tissue and the mechanism of action still need to be further explored.

Y-27632 and dual media culture approach promote the construction and transplantation of rabbit limbal epithelial cell sheets via cell spheroid culture and auto-bioprinting.

The shortage of corneal donors and the limitations in tissue engineering grafts, such as biocompatibility and mechanical properties, pose significant challenges in corneal transplantation. Here, for the first time, we investigate the effect of Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 and a dual media culture approach, including proliferative media (M1) and stabilizing media (M2), on rabbit limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs), aiming to explore the feasibility of constructing corneal cell sheets in vitro through auto-bioprinting and assessing their corneal wound healing capacity in vivo. Y-27632 has primarily demonstrated significantly enhanced LESCs growth, proliferation, and reduced apoptosis.

Altered Static and Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity and Combined Machine Learning in Stroke.

Stroke is a condition characterized by damage to the cerebral vasculature from various causes, resulting in focal or widespread brain tissue damage. Prior neuroimaging research has demonstrated that individuals with stroke present structural and functional brain abnormalities, evident through disruptions in motor, cognitive, and other vital functions. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies on alterations in static and dynamic functional network connectivity in the brains of stroke patients.

Engineered bio-functional material-based nerve guide conduits for optic nerve regeneration: a view from the cellular perspective, challenges and the future outlook.

Nerve injuries can be tantamount to severe impairment, standard treatment such as the use of autograft or surgery comes with complications and confers a shortened relief. The mechanism relevant to the regeneration of the optic nerve seems yet to be fully uncovered. The prevailing rate of vision loss as a result of direct or indirect insult on the optic nerve is alarming.

Effectiveness of a Multifaceted Intervention (TEMP) for Prevention of Occupational Heat-Related Illness among Outdoor Workers in the Power Grid Industry: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Occupational heat-related illness (OHI) is a health threat to workers that can be fatal in severe cases. Effective and feasible measures are urgently needed to prevent OHI.

Objectives: We evaluated the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention, TEMP, in reducing the OHI risk among outdoor workers in the power grid industry.