Association between antinuclear antibodies status and preterm birth in Japanese pregnant women: a prospective cohort study from Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Background: Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are important biomarkers for the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases; however, the general population also tests positive at a low frequency, especially in women. Although the effects of various autoimmune diseases on pregnancy outcomes have been studied, the association of ANA with pregnancy outcomes in healthy individuals is unclear. Preterm birth (PTB), a major cause of neonatal death or long-term health problems, is a complex condition with a multifactorial etiology, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Feasibility of the use of Kangaroo mother care in the transfer of preterm and low-birth-weight infants: a two-arm nonrandomized controlled cluster feasibility study of neonatal transport in Cape Coast, Ghana.

Background: Despite progress made towards SDG 3, sub-Saharan Africa lags behind the rest of the world, accounting for over 50% of global neonatal deaths. The increased number of hospital births in the region has not reciprocated the reduction in neonatal mortality rates. Sick newborns face uncertain journeys from peripheral facilities to specialized centres arriving in suboptimal conditions, which impacts their outcomes, due partly to the scarcity of dedicated neonatal transport services.

Association between geriatric nutritional risk index and adverse outcomes in critical ill patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a cohort study of 2824 older adults.

Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among the elderly, resulting in high rates of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Malnutrition is common in elderly patients and has been associated with poor prognosis in patients with COPD. However, its impact in the ICU setting remains incompletely defined.

Nursing students' perception of the clinical learning environment and its impact on academic adjustment: a cross-sectional descriptive study.

Background: Academic adjustment significantly influences the progress of nursing students. Understanding clinical education environments can profoundly affect students' academic adjustment. This study aims to determine nursing students' perception of the clinical learning environment and its relationship to academic adjustment.

The association between social support and postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder.

Background: Postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition that can arise following childbirth. Despite a growing body of research on postpartum mental health, the relationship between social support and postpartum PTSD remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between social support and postpartum PTSD.

HIF-1α mediates hypertension and vascular remodeling in sleep apnea via hippo-YAP pathway activation.

Background: Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is associated with hypertension and vascular remodeling. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and the Hippo-YAP pathway are implicated in these processes, but their specific roles remain unclear. This study investigated the HIF-1α/Hippo-YAP pathway in SAS-related hypertension.

Daily activities and suspected dementia among community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Dementia is undiagnosed among many older adults, and more than half the people in local communities live with symptoms of dementia are not properly treated.

Objective: The study aims to explore the relationship between decline of daily activities and the incidence of suspected dementia.

Methods: A two-stage sampling method was used to conduct a multicenter cross-sectional survey.

Non-adherence to antenatal iron supplementation and its determinants among pregnant women in 35 sub-saharan African countries: a generalized linear mixed-effects modeling with robust Poisson regression analysis.

Background: Despite the integration of iron supplementation into routine antenatal care programs as a nutritional intervention to prevent anemia in pregnant women, the use of this supplement for the recommended duration remains low in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Evidence on maternal compliance with iron supplementation at the SSA level is lacking and most of the previous studies have been limited to specific geographic areas. Therefore, the current study used large population survey data from 35 SSA countries to estimate the pooled prevalence of non-adherence and its determinants.

RESCUE - Rapid, Effective, Safe Communication in Emergency Departments: A cross-sectional e-survey.

Background: Effective staff-to-staff and patient-provider communication in the Emergency Department (ED) is essential for safe, quality care. Routine wearing of Personal-Protective-Equipment (PPE) has introduced new challenges to communication. We aimed to understand the perspectives of ED staff about communicating while wearing PPE, and to identify factors contributing to communication success, breakdown, and repair.

A systematic review of the comparative effects of sound and music interventions for intensive care unit patients' outcomes.

Background: Despite syntheses of evidence showing efficacy of music intervention for improving psychological and physiological outcomes in critically ill patients, interventions that include nonmusic sounds have not been addressed in reviews of evidence. It is unclear if nonmusic sounds in the intensive care unit (ICU) can confer benefits similar to those of music.

Objective: The aim of this study was to summarise and contrast available evidence on the effect of music and nonmusic sound interventions for the physiological and psychological outcomes of ICU patients based on the results of randomised controlled trials.

The Effects of Sleep Hygiene Education on Sleep Quality, Pain, and Depression in Individuals With Fibromyalgia.

Background: Sleep problems, pain, and depression are common issues in fibromyalgia. However, studies on sleep hygiene education to address these problems are limited in the literature. Therefore, there is a need to investigate the effects of sleep hygiene education given to individuals with fibromyalgia on their sleep quality, pain, and depression levels.

Quality of care at childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium: a cross-sectional study based on WHO standards.

Objectives: To examine quality of maternal and newborn care (QMNC) around childbirth in facilities in Belgium during the COVID-19 pandemic and trends over time.

Design: A cross-sectional observational study.

Setting: Data of the Improving MAternal Newborn carE in the EURO region study in Belgium.

Magnitude of undernutrition and determinant factors among adult patients with tuberculosis on follow-up care at public healthcare facilities in South Ethiopia Region: a multicentre cross-sectional study.

Background: Globally, approximately 1.9 million cases of tuberculosis (TB) were attributable to undernutrition. Nearly 19 000 deaths occur annually in Ethiopia due to TB.

Measuring technology-facilitated sexual violence and abuse: a scoping review protocol of existing measurements.

Introduction: Technology-facilitated sexual violence and abuse (TFSVA) refers to a range of behaviours in which digital technologies are used to facilitate both virtual and face-to-face sexual harm. The proliferation of smartphone usage and increasing internet penetration rates across the world have made it easier for individuals to become perpetrators and victims of TFSVA. Since empirical studies of TFSVA remain limited in the academic arena, and there is an absence of evidence to support the development of a standardised TFSVA measurement, this review aims to explore what TFSVA measurements are currently available and their potential use in measuring TFSVA.

Development and evaluation of a quality improvement educational video on joint contractures for care home staff.

Background: Contractures are a debilitating problem for individuals living in long-term care settings. However, there is a lack of education and training among the care staff regarding the identification of risk factors related to contractures and the preventive strategies that can decrease their development or progression. Addressing this knowledge gap has the potential to improve the quality of care provided to residents in care homes.

Prevalence of microvascular complications and associated factors among diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic abnormality affecting 537 million people worldwide. Poor glycemic control, longer duration, and poor medication adherence increased the risk of DM complications. Comprehensive evidence on the pooled prevalence of microvascular complications in DM patients in Ethiopia is not available.

Concomitant chronic lateral ankle instability affects postoperative functional outcomes in patients with osteochondral lesions of the talus, but does not affect cartilage repair after restoration of ankle stability.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of concomitant chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) on postoperative clinical outcomes in patients with osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs).

Methods: Patients who underwent surgery for OLTs between January 2018 and May 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. OLT procedures involved debridement, microfracture, or bone grafting, while concomitant CLAI underwent lateral ligament repair or reconstruction.

Increasing trends of household secondhand smoke exposure and widening socioeconomic disparities in Hong Kong adolescents, 2010-2020.

Introduction: To assess 10-year trends (2010-2020) in household secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) from inside their own homes and from their neighbours in Hong Kong adolescents and analyse changes by socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods: Data from the 2010 to 2020 School-based Smoking Survey among Students (total responses were 228,623) were analysed in 2023. Weighted prevalence and temporal trends of SHSe were calculated across years.

Healthcare avoidance and delay among trans adults: Associations with mental and behavioral health outcomes.

Introduction: Healthcare avoidance and delay (HAD) is prevalent among transgender (trans) populations. This study sought to identify patterns of HAD and examine associations between HAD and 5 behavioral health outcomes among trans adults: depression, anxiety, tobacco and alcohol use, and intimate partner violence (IPV).

Methods: This study used survey data collected in 2023 from 789 trans adults in Washington state.

Palmitic acid induces insulin resistance and oxidative stress-mediated cell injury through accumulation of lipid rafts in murine hepatocytes.

Lipid rafts are subdomains of the cell membrane that are rich in cholesterol and glycolipids, and they are involved in various cellular processes and pathophysiological mechanisms. However, the specific role of lipid rafts in hepatocyte dysfunction during the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the impact of lipid rafts on insulin sensitivity and hepatocyte injury induced by saturated free fatty acids (sFFAs) using primary-cultured mouse hepatocytes.

An online approach to teaching graduate nursing students to write integrative literature reviews: Examples from two published cases.

Aim/objective: To empower nursing graduate students, in master's or doctoral programs, through distance-accessible methods for conducting integrative reviews, enhancing their ability to transition from clinical to publication-oriented writing.

Background: Mastering literature review methods is vital for advancing evidence-based practice. Integrative reviews, inclusive of multiple research methodologies, offer a comprehensive approach suited for nursing students.

Development and validation of an assessment approach for competency-based nursing education in low-income settings: A consensus study.

Aim: To report the development and validation of an assessment approach for competency-based nursing education in low-income settings BACKGROUND: Adopting a competency-based curriculum has been linked with the resource-intensive, programmatic assessment approach. However, implementing this approach in low-income contexts has challenges. Nursing education institutions in low-income contexts reported difficulties implementing programmatic assessment.

The relationship between professional values of nursing students and respectful maternity care: A descriptive and correlational study.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between nursing students' perception of respectful maternal care and their professional values.

Design: A descriptive and correlation design was used.

Method: The sample were 323 nursing students in the third and fourth year of training.

Effectiveness of rehabilitation programmes targeting quality of life, psychological wellbeing, and functional capacity in pulmonary embolism survivors; a systematic review and best evidence synthesis.

Background: Half of people post pulmonary embolism (PE) experience ongoing symptoms such as dyspnoea, anxiety and depression, exercise limitation and fatigue. These symptoms can reduce their quality of life (QoL), psychological wellbeing, and functional capacity. The efficacy of rehabilitation interventions to prevent and manage these symptoms has not been established.

Frailty may be a new predictive factor of recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation in elderly atrial fibrillation patients.

Background: Frailty and atrial fibrillation (AF) outcomes require in-depth, multidimensional investigation. We aim to explore the association between frailty and factors such as hospital stay, quality of life, and recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in elderly patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study involving 195 hospitalized elderly AF patients.