Short-Term Safety and Effectiveness for Tenecteplase and Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Importance: Tenecteplase is an alternative to alteplase for emergency treatment of acute ischemic stroke. However, limited data are available comparing their clinical effectiveness in routine clinical practice.

Objective: To compare short-term effectiveness and safety outcomes for patients with ischemic stroke treated with intravenous tenecteplase vs alteplase.

Long-Term Safety of Mirikizumab in Patients With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis: An Integrated 2-Year Safety Analysis.

Objective: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-mediated disease requiring ongoing treatment to maintain remission. This report presents the 2-year safety outcomes of mirikizumab, a humanized immunoglobulin G4 anti-interleukin-23p19 monoclonal antibody, in moderately to severely active UC from Phase 3 studies LUCENT-1 (NCT03518086), LUCENT-2 (NCT03524092), and LUCENT-3 (NCT03519945).

Methods: Patients who underwent induction (LUCENT-1) and maintenance (LUCENT-2), and entered long-term maintenance (LUCENT-3) were assessed in 2 cohorts: induction responders and extended-induction responders.

In Utero Alcohol and Tobacco Exposure, Maternal Depression, And Maternal Obesity Are Associated with Impaired Oligodendrocyte Differentiation in The Developing Brain.

Introduction: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is the leading preventable cause of pediatric cognitive disability and is associated with dysmyelination. We examined possible clinical co-determinants that might interact with EtOH in impairing oligodendrocyte (OL) development. Women who drink, including pregnant women, also disproportionately suffer from depression (mDepression), which we have shown is a risk factor for FASD.

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Femoral Head Fracture After Firearm Injury: A Case Report.

Case: A 21-year-old man presented with a femoral head (FH) fracture from a firearm injury. The FH had a comminuted, minimally displaced fracture with intertrochanteric extension and a retained bullet. This patient was treated with surgical hip dislocation (SHD) and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF).

Validating the Epic Deterioration Index (DI) for First Episode Rapid Response Team Activation in Sepsis Patients.

Introduction: The epic electronic medical records software's deterioration index (DI) is an artificial intelligence-driven algorithm, which quantifies the probability of patient deterioration. Our study aimed to assess the relationship between DI score and activation of a rapid response team (RRT) and to identify a cutoff score to screen for deterioration events.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective case control study was performed on adult sepsis patients across a nonprofit regional health network composed of 15 hospitals between August 2021 and April 2022.

Disease Onset and Burden in Patients With Chronic Bronchitis and COPD: A Real-World Evidence Study.

Chronic bronchitis (CB), classically defined as having cough and sputum production for at least three months per year for two consecutive years, is frequently associated with COPD. This retrospective cohort study using the Optum® de-identified Electronic Health Record data set (Optum® EHR) aimed to identify patients with CB, COPD and both CB and COPD through application of the classical definition of CB, and to compare the characteristics of these populations, timing of diagnosis as well as their healthcare resource utilization (HCRU). Scanning of the EHRs was performed electronically using a specially developed algorithm.

The History of Angina and Its Remedies: COURAGE, ORBITA, and a Path Forward.

The recent publication of the second Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation with optimal medical Therapy of Angioplasty in stable angina trial has renewed debate surrounding the indications and benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in stable angina. The second Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation with optimal medical Therapy of Angioplasty in stable angina results show that PCI improves anginal symptoms in the absence of antianginal medications. Taken together with the first Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation with optimal medical Therapy of Angioplasty in stable angina and Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation trial results, proponents argue that in contrast to current guidance, PCI and aggressive medical therapy are both equally acceptable initial antianginal strategies and subject to patient preference.

Effects of seasonality and treatment on COPD clinical outcomes: IMPACT analysis.

https://bit.ly/47KAhmK.

A Scoping Literature Review of Pancreatic Panniculitis.

Pancreatic panniculitis (PP) is a rare cutaneous manifestation of pancreatic disease, often presenting as tender, erythematous, subcutaneous nodules, typically on the lower extremities. It can also affect the upper extremities, buttocks, and abdomen. PP is associated with conditions such as acute pancreatitis, pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma, and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Transcription factor RUNX1 regulates coagulation factor XIII-A (): decreased platelet-megakaryocyte expression and clot contraction in haplodeficiency.

Background: Germline haplodeficiency (RHD) is associated with thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, and predisposition to myeloid malignancies. Platelet expression profiling of an RHD patient showed decreased , encoding for the A subunit of factor (F)XIII a transglutaminase that cross-links fibrin and induces clot stabilization. FXIII-A is synthesized by hematopoietic cells, megakaryocytes, and monocytes.

SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody determination after vaccination using spectrophotometric measurement of lateral flow immunochromatography.

Neutralizing antibody titers have been found to be strongly correlated with observed vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic and severe COVID-19. Few non-high complexity assays are currently available to detect the presence of neutralizing antibodies. This retrospective single-center cross-sectional study compared the performance of a lateral flow immunochromatography assay coupled with a spectrophotometric measurement system for detecting SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies against an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) neutralization antibody assay in the context of post-vaccination responses.

Type of Social Support for Smoking Cessation Among Low-Income Postpartum Women.

Background: Efficacious programs to sustain smoking cessation are limited for postpartum women, particularly for those who are low-income. Social support may help enhance cessation efforts. However, the specific types of support potentially associated with cessation success are not well evaluated.

Retrospective case-control analysis of the infectious complications of retained broken needles in people who inject drugs.

Retained broken needles (RBNs) in patients is a potentially underreported complication of intravenous drug use (IVDU) in people who inject drugs. Identification of RBNs poses a challenge for radiologists and clinicians due to subtle appearance on imaging and the complexities of patient presentations. A single-center case-control study was performed between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021.

Ultrastructure analysis of mitochondria, lipid droplet and sarcoplasmic reticulum apposition in human heart failure.

Background: Cardiomyocyte structural remodeling is reported as a causal contributor to heart failure (HF) development and progression. Growing evidence highlights the role of organelle apposition in cardiomyocyte function and homeostasis. Disruptions in organelle crosstalk, such as that between the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and mitochondria, are thought to impact numerous cellular processes such as calcium handling and cellular bioenergetics; two processes that are disrupted and implicated in cardiac pathophysiology.

Vaccine Effectiveness Among 5- to 17-year-old Individuals with Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An EHR-Based Target Trial Emulation Study from the RECOVER Project.

Importance: Prior studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in children and adolescents. However, the benefits of vaccination in these age groups with prior infection remain underexplored.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in preventing reinfection with various Omicron subvariants (BA.

Normal Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy Values for Limited Meal Ingestion.

Introduction: Patients with symptoms of gastroparesis are assessed with gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES). However, patients may not eat the entire meal due to their symptoms. The aim of this study was to quantify in normal subjects the effect of different ingested meal sizes and how these results could affect interpretation of patients' GES.

Safety and Efficacy of a Protocol for In-Office Pediatric Aural Foreign Body Removal.

Objectives: To examine the safety and efficacy of a step-by-step protocol for the office removal of aural foreign bodies (FB) in a pediatric population.

Methods: All children presenting to an academic pediatric outpatient department were identified from a computerized collection of office notes and operative reports. FB removal was performed in a standard fashion including: (1) pre-procedure discussion with shared decision making, (2) restraint in a supine position with a trained second person holding the head, (3) FB removal using an operative microscope and instrumentation.

Disparities in Aortic Aneurysm Mortality Trends: Revealing Sex and Racial Inequalities.

Background: Abdominal aortic dissection or aneurysm (AAA) is a significant health concern in developed nations often underdiagnosed with poor outcomes. Despite a decline in aortic dissection and aneurysm mortality rates in the US from 1999 to 2020, reported by the CDC, this improvement disproportionately favors males and Caucasians. This study aims to elucidate these disparities.

Current Smoker: A Clinical COPD Phenotype Affecting Disease Progression and Response to Therapy.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition of the lungs, characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms, primarily dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, due to airway and/or alveoli abnormalities that cause persistent, and often progressive, airflow obstruction. Although the underlying mechanisms responsible for COPD remain poorly understood, over the last several decades, clinical phenotypes and endotypes have been suggested. These include frequent exacerbator and eosinophilic groups that guide tailored therapies for patients with that clinical expression.

Robotic-assisted hiatal hernia repairs with and without magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA): short- and long-term patient-centered outcomes in a single academic center.

Introduction: Hiatal Hernia (HH) repairs are commonly performed using a laparoscopic (L) approach. Recently, the robotic-assisted (RA) approach was introduced. The objective of the study is to describe our experience and analyze patient-centered clinical outcomes of RA-HH repairs with and without MSA (Magnetic Sphincter Augmentation).

Immune Checkpoints Are New Therapeutic Targets in Regulating Cardio-, and Cerebro-Vascular Diseases and CD4Foxp3 Regulatory T Cell Immunosuppression.

Although previous reviews explored the roles of selected immune checkpoints (ICPs) in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cerebrovascular diseases from various perspectives, many related aspects have yet to be thoroughly reviewed and analyzed. Our comprehensive review addresses this gap by discussing the cellular functions of ICPs, focusing on the tissue-specific and microenvironment-localized transcriptomic and posttranslational regulation of ICP expressions, as well as their functional interactions with metabolic reprogramming. We also analyze how 14 pairs of ICPs, including CTLA-4/CD86-CD80, PD1-PDL-1, and TIGIT-CD155, regulate CVD pathogenesis.