ΔNp63-restricted viral mimicry response impedes cancer cell viability and remodels tumor microenvironment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Tumor protein p63 isoform ΔNp63 plays roles in the squamous epithelium and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), including esophageal SCC (ESCC). By integrating data from cell lines and our latest patient-derived organoid cultures, derived xenograft models, and clinical sample transcriptomic analyses, we identified a novel and robust oncogenic role of ΔNp63 in ESCC. We showed that ΔNp63 maintains the repression of cancer cell endogenous retrotransposon expression and cellular double-stranded RNA sensing.

Non-Calcifying/Langerhans Cell-Rich Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumour: A Critical Review of the Rare and Distinctive Entity.

Background: The study aims to analyse the non-calcifying/Langerhans cell rich (NCLC) subtype of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour (CEOT).  METHOD: The features of cases of the NCLC subtype of CEOT noted in the English literature by PubMed as well as 3 new cases were reviewed.

Results: Overall, twenty-one cases were noted.

Associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and myopia among school-aged children: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The Canadian 24-hour movement behavior (24-HMB) guidelines recommend an adequate level of physical activity (PA), a limited amount of screen time (ST), and a sufficient sleep duration (SLP) to promote the healthy development of children. Although the positive effects of adhering to the 24-HMB guidelines have been established for several health parameters, less is known about how adherence to the 24-HMB guidelines relates to the myopia risk (i.e.

Phenotypic Features of Pediatric Bronchiectasis Exacerbations Associated With Symptom Resolution After 14 Days of Oral Antibiotic Treatment.

Background: Respiratory exacerbations in children and adolescents with bronchiectasis are treated with antibiotics. However, antibiotics can have variable interindividual effects when treating exacerbations.

Research Question: Can phenotypic features associated with symptom resolution after a 14-day course of oral antibiotics for a nonsevere exacerbation of bronchiectasis be identified?

Study Design And Methods: Combining data from two multicenter randomized controlled trials, we identified 217 children with bronchiectasis assigned to at least 14 days of oral antibiotics to treat nonsevere (nonhospitalized) exacerbations.

Ultrasonography or Radiography for Suspected Pediatric Distal Forearm Fractures.

Background: Data on whether ultrasonography for the initial diagnostic imaging of forearm fractures in children and adolescents is noninferior to radiography for subsequent physical function of the arm are limited.

Methods: In this open-label, multicenter, noninferiority, randomized trial in Australia, we recruited participants 5 to 15 years of age who presented to the emergency department with an isolated distal forearm injury, without a clinically visible deformity, in whom further evaluation with imaging was indicated. Participants were randomly assigned to initially undergo point-of-care ultrasonography or radiography, and were then followed for 8 weeks.

Point-of-Care Ultrasound Fracture-Physis Distance Association with Salter-Harris II Fractures of the Distal Radius in Children: The "POCUS 1-cm Rule".

Salter-Harris II fractures of the distal radius can result in serious complications. The aim of this study was to measure the fracture-physis distance using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to determine whether a certain distance is associated with Salter-Harris II fractures, compared with other fracture types, in a cohort of children with X-ray-identified distal radius fractures. Participants were from a parent diagnostic study conducted in an Australian tertiary pediatric emergency department, which prospectively evaluated the diagnosis of pediatric distal forearm fractures using POCUS compared against X-ray.

Sapovirus Infections in an Australian Community-Based Healthy Birth Cohort During the First 2 Years of Life.

Background: Sapovirus is an important cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children. However, knowledge gaps remain in community settings. We investigated the epidemiology, disease characteristics, and healthcare use associated with sapovirus infections in Australian children during their first 2 years of life.

Psychometric evaluation of the inventory of dimensions of emerging adulthood (IDEA) in China.

Background/objective: Emerging adulthood (EA, age range between 18 to 29 years) is an important developmental stage that is characterized by marked social and psychological changes. Currently, its developmental features are quantified by the Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA) but a validated Chinese version of this questionnaire (IDEA-C) is lacking. Thus, this research, which consists of two consecutive studies, aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the translated IDEA in a Chinese sample of emerging adults.

A diagnostic pitfall; Small cell carcinoma-like features in basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

Esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma may resemble small cell carcinoma biopsy specimens and cause difficulties in pathology diagnosis. We aimed to clarify the clinicopathological significance of small cell carcinoma-like morphologies in basaloid squamous cell carcinoma. Thirty biopsy specimens of esophageal basaloid squamous cell carcinoma were reviewed and compared with 13 matched surgical specimens.

Describing the learning curve of novices for the diagnosis of paediatric distal forearm fractures using point-of-care ultrasound.

Purpose: The learning curve of nurse practitioners (NPs) to accurately diagnose paediatric distal forearm fractures using point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) was investigated.

Methods: Each NP's learning curve was calculated as cumulative diagnostic accuracy against a number of scans performed. The curve's plateau represented the attainment of competency.

Extended Versus Standard Antibiotic Course Duration in Children <5 Years of Age Hospitalized With Community-acquired Pneumonia in High-risk Settings: Four-week Outcomes of a Multicenter, Double-blind, Parallel, Superiority Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: High-level evidence is limited for antibiotic duration in children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) from First Nations and other at-risk populations of chronic respiratory disorders. As part of a larger study, we determined whether an extended antibiotic course is superior to a standard course for achieving clinical cure at 4 weeks in children 3 months to ≤5 years old hospitalized with CAP.

Methods: In our multinational (Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia), double-blind, superiority randomized controlled trial, children hospitalized with uncomplicated, radiographic-confirmed, CAP received 1-3 days of intravenous antibiotics followed by 3 days of oral amoxicillin-clavulanate (80 mg/kg, amoxicillin component, divided twice daily) and then randomized to extended (13-14 days duration) or standard (5-6 days) antibiotics.

Association between vaccination status, symptom identification and healthcare use: Implications for test negative design observational studies.

Aim: To test the internal validity of the test-negative design (TND) by investigating associations between maternal influenza vaccination, and new virus detection episodes (VDEs), acute respiratory illness, and healthcare visits in their children.

Methods: Eighty-five children from a birth cohort provided daily symptoms, weekly nasal swabs, and healthcare use data until age 2-years. Effect estimates are summarised as incidence rate ratios (IRR).

Respiratory virus detection during the COVID-19 pandemic in Queensland, Australia.

Objective: To determine if non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) impacted on respiratory virus detections in Queensland, Australia, during the COVID-19 pandemic year of 2020.

Methods: We analysed weekly counts of influenza, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, and adenovirus available from a Queensland laboratory network for the year 2020. These were compared with averaged counts from 2015 to 2019.

Legal age determined by a new threshold value of third molar maturity index in subjects with impacted mandibular third molars: An orthopantomographic study in south Indian adolescents.

Third molars are one of the few biological markers available for age estimation in juveniles, especially for the estimation of the 18-year-age threshold. Literature has indicated that impaction has an influence on the development of third molars, which could possibly result in age misclassifications. The present study is intended to identify an alternative cut-off value of the third molar maturity index (I3M) in impacted mandibular third molars and also to evaluate its applicability in estimating the major (≥ 18 years)/minor (< 18 years) status.

Factors Influencing Public Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccination: A Scoping Review Informed by the Socio-Ecological Model.

Major hindrances to getting a COVID-19 vaccine include vaccine hesitancy, skepticism, refusal, and anti-vaccine movements. Several studies have been conducted on attitudes of the public towards COVID-19 vaccines and the potential influencing factors. The purpose of this scoping review is to summarize the data available on the various factors influencing public attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination.