Common Dietary Patterns Among Female Employees Participating in the Persian Cohort Study (Mashhad) and Their Relationship With Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: The protective effect of a healthy diet against chronic diseases has been confirmed in several primary studies. This study identifies the dominant food patterns using factor analysis and determining its relationship with metabolic syndrome in female employees participating in the Persian cohort study.

Methods: Female participants with metabolic syndrome (based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP ATP III) were studied using a cross-sectional design.

Unusual Presentation of a Rare Disease: A Case Report of Fungal Necrotizing Otitis Media and Mastoiditis.

Acute necrotizing otitis media is a severe middle ear infection which causes necrosis of the tympanic cavity. A 54-year-old female was presented who suffered from diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease presenting with severe otalgia, initially thought to be necrotizing otitis externa. She rapidly progressed to total necrosis of the tympanic membrane.

Intracranial Hypertension and Optic Neuritis in Two Unrelated Seronegative Cases.

Intracranial Hypertension (ICHT) is identified as the elevation of Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) pressure in patients devoid of any underlying causes. Optic Neuritis (ON) is not typically seen as a complication of ICHT, and patients diagnosed with concurrent manifestation of both these disorders usually have some identifiable underlying cause. In this report, we highlight the clinical and para-clinical findings in two unrelated children presenting with high CSF opening pressures and Optic neuritis in the absence of any identifiable neurological or immunological cause.

Cone-Rod Dystrophy and Progressive Visual Loss as the First Manifestation of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Type 7: A Case Report.

This case report documents the experience of a 5-year-old girl who showed signs of retinal degeneration as the initial symptom of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCLs). She originally presented with visual failure, which rapidly progressed to near total bilateral blindness. Two years later, she developed seizures and cognitive impairment, leading to a diagnosis of NCL7 resulting from a homozygote mutation in the MFSD8 gene.

fruit extract produces antiarthritic and antinociceptive effects in rats with complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis.

Current treatments for rheumatoid arthritis produce untoward effects; thus, considerable effort has been made to recognize effective herbal medicines against the condition. In the present study, the therapeutic effect of fruit hydroalcoholic extract (DFHE) on complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats was investigated. The extract was characterized using liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESIMS).

Polyphenols improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via gut microbiota: A comprehensive review.

Polyphenols, natural micronutrients derived from plants, are valued for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The escalating global prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) underscores its status as a chronic progressive liver condition. Furthermore, the dysregulation of gut microbiota (GM) is implicated in the onset and progression of NAFLD through the actions of metabolites such as bile acids (BAs), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), choline, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).

Exosomal miRNA-21-5p and miRNA-21-3p as key biomarkers of myocardial infarction.

Objective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a debilitating condition that can lead to myocardial infarction (MI). Exosomal miRNAs (exo-miRNA) can be diagnostic biomarkers for detecting MI. Here, we conduct a study to evaluate the efficacy of exo-miRNA-21-5p/3p for early detection of MI.

Effect of pretreatment with Devil's Claw on locomotor activity, infarct volume, and neuronal density in focal cerebral ischemia in rats.

Objective: Stroke is a highly prevalent and devastating condition affecting millions worldwide. The Devil's Claw (DCW) plant is a native African plant whose anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties have been investigated. We postulated that DCW could protect the brain injury caused by cerebral ischemia.

Identified PAH V230A and PAH V230I mutations in a family with diverse clinical presentations.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a hereditary disorder caused by phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme (PAH) defects that might cause severe brain damage. The current main treatment, dietary management, can prevent the symptoms if commenced early. However, it has side effects if used for a long time.

The association between vertebral artery hypoplasia and fetal-type variants of the posterior cerebral artery with imaging findings among patients with posterior circulation stroke: A single-center cross-sectional study.

Background And Aim: The present study investigated the correlation between vertebral artery hypoplasia and fetal-type variations of posterior cerebral arteries with stroke patterns and imaging findings in individuals with posterior circulation ischemic stroke.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, patients with symptoms of acute ischemic stroke in the posterior circulation system referred to Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad between 2016 and 2022 were investigated. Demographic data, including age, gender, systemic diseases, history of previous stroke or transient ischemic attacks, and clinical manifestations of patients, were recorded using questionnaires and checklists from patient files.

Transient blindness due to mild reversible encephalopathy in a 7-year-old boy.

Mild encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is a rare phenomenon, which shows transient lesion in corpus callosum and causes temporary encephalopathy features. A disturbance of consciousness and abnormal and delirious behavior are the most significant neurological symptoms. A seven-year-old child with a history of fever and cough was admitted to our hospital due to sudden bilateral blindness.

The relationships between dietary patterns and socioeconomic status with anthropometric and body composition indices in Iranian preschool children: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among Iranian children is on the rise. Dietary patterns (DPs) and socioeconomic status ( socioeconomic status (SES)) may relate to children's excess weight as a predictor of the risk of obesity in adulthood that may vary by geographical regions.

Aim: The relationship between DPs and the development of obesity in preschool children has not been adequately evaluated.

Unveiling the Effects of Left Hemispheric Intracerebral Hemorrhage on Long-term Potentiation and Inflammation in the Bilateral Hippocampus: A Preclinical Study.

Objective: Changes in cognition and memory are common complications of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), although the exact cause of this phenomenon is still unknown. The objectives of our project were to assess the changes in long-term potentiation, inflammation, and cell damage in the bilateral hippocampus following striatal intracerebral hemorrhage at different time points.

Materials And Methods: Unilateral ICH was induced in the striatum of 96 Wistar rats (6 control groups and 6 ICH groups).

Probiotics as a complementary treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review.

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects young women. SLE has no recognized etiology but it is believed to be triggered by a number of factors, including genetic predisposition, hormonal influences, and environmental conditions. Dysbiosis in the gut microbiota has emerged as a potential mechanism connecting the intestinal microbiome to the breakdown of self-tolerance and chronic inflammation.

Differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules: A cross-sectional study on the comparison of diagnostic value of ultrasound elastography and fine needle aspiration biopsy.

Background And Aim: This study examines the comparison of ultrasound elastography and fine needle aspiration (FNA) in diagnosing thyroid cancers and investigates the use of elastography as the initial diagnostic test of thyroid cancers to avoid the need for invasive diagnostic tests.

Methods: In this study, 28 patients with 48 thyroid nodules (TNs) who were candidates for FNA or surgery were examined within a period of 18 months. Cut-off and subsequently sensitivity and specificity for elastography results, compared to pathology results as the gold standard, were calculated using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).

The role of synbiotics as adjunctive agents in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: A randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent chronic disease affecting a significant portion of the global population. The substantial economic burden associated with treating AR necessitates the exploration of alternative therapies. Probiotics have gained attention due to their availability, minimal adverse effects, and cost-effectiveness.

Animal and plant-based proteins have different postprandial effects on energy expenditure, glycemia, insulinemia, and lipemia: A review of controlled clinical trials.

Dietary proteins have been shown to stimulate thermogenesis, increase satiety, and improve insulin sensitivity in the short and long term. Animal-based proteins (AP) and plant-based proteins (PP) have different amino acid profiles, bioavailability, and digestibility, so it seems to have various short- and long-term effects on metabolic responses. This review aimed to compare the findings of controlled clinical trials on postprandial effects of dietary Aps versus PPs on energy expenditure (EE), lipemia, glycemia, and insulinemia.

The trend of normal vaginal delivery and cesarean sections before and after implementing the health system transformation plan based on ICD-10 in the northeast of Iran: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: Concerning the growing rate of cesarean sections (CSs) worldwide, encouraging normal vaginal deliveries (NVDs) and mitigating CS rates is a necessity. This study investigated the status of delivery in hospitals affiliated with the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS) before and after implementing health system transformation plan (HSTP).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 in the obstetrics and gynecology ward in four MUMS teaching hospitals.

Venous thromboembolism in viral diseases: A comprehensive literature review.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is known to be a common respiratory and/or cardiovascular complication in hospitalized patients with viral infections. Numerous studies have proven human immunodeficiency virus infection to be a prothrombotic condition. An elevated VTE risk has been observed in critically ill H1N1 influenza patients.

Childhood-Onset Choreo-Dystonia Due to a Recurrent Novel Homozygous Nonsense Variant: Case Series and Literature Review.

Background: Biallelic variants in were linked to isolated dystonia (formerly DYT2) in 2015. Since then, the clinical spectrum of -related disorder has expanded up to including a complex syndrome encompassing neurodevelopmental delay, generalized dystonia with bulbar involvement, and infantile seizures.

Cases: We report four individuals with a new phenotype of childhood-onset choreo-dystonia belonging to two unrelated Iranian pedigrees and harboring a novel homozygous nonsense pathogenic variant NM_002143.

Detection of from Iranian Patients with Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common allergic diseases triggered by indoor and outdoor allergens. Certain arthropods, such as mites and cockroaches, contain protozoa like in their intestines to help with digestion that may have some role in AR. We aimed to determine the frequency of in nasal smears of patients with AR in comparison with healthy controls.

Parietal bone osteoid osteoma: A rare cause of button sequestrum sign in pediatrics. Case report and review of literature.

The current study evaluates a rare case of parietal bone osteoid osteoma in pediatrics and review the differential diagnosis of button sequestrum sign in the literature. A 12-year-old girl expressed localized pain in the right parietal bone. MRI represented enhancing nodule with button sequestrum sign appearance.