Multiethnic Perspectives of Shared Decision-Making in Hypertension: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) has the potential to improve hypertension care quality and equity. However, research lacks diverse representation and evidence about how race and ethnicity affect SDM. Therefore, this study aims to explore SDM in the context of hypertension management.

New Perspectives in Management of Cardiovascular Risk Among People With Diabetes.

Following the publication of results from multiple landmark cardiovascular outcome trials of antihyperglycemic medications over the past 8 years, there has been a major shift in the focus of care for people with type 2 diabetes, from control of hyperglycemia to managing cardiovascular risk. Multiple international cardiology and diabetes society guidelines and recommendations now endorse sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like protein-1 receptor agonists as first-line therapies to mitigate cardiovascular risk. The most recent publication is the 2023 European Society of Cardiology guideline on the management of cardiovascular disease in those with type 2 diabetes that, for the first time, recommends use of both classes of medications for the mitigation of cardiovascular risk for those with or at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.

Cardiovascular Complications With Delivery Hospitalizations in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: A Nationwide Study From 2011 to 2020.

Background: Pregnancy in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with a heightened risk of medical complications including right heart failure, pulmonary edema, and arrhythmias. Our study investigated the association between PH and these complications during delivery.

Methods And Results: The National Inpatient Sample was used to identify delivery hospitalizations from 2011 to 2020.

Comprehensive Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control With a Mobile Health Cardiovascular Risk Self-Management Program.

Background: Mobile health technology's impact on cardiovascular risk factor control is not fully understood. This study evaluates the association between interaction with a mobile health application and change in cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods And Results: Participants with hypertension with or without dyslipidemia enrolled in a workplace-deployed mobile health application-based cardiovascular risk self-management program between January 2018 and December 2022.

Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Kidney Failure.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in patients with kidney failure, and their risk of cardiovascular events is 10 to 20 times higher as compared with the general population.

Methods And Results: We evaluated 508 822 patients who initiated dialysis between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2014 using the United States Renal Data System with linked Medicare claims. We determined hospitalization rates for cardiovascular events, defined by acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and stroke.

International Migration and Cardiovascular Health: Unraveling the Disease Burden Among Migrants to North America and Europe.

Europe and North America are the 2 largest recipients of international migrants from low-resource regions in the world. Here, large differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and death exist between migrants and the host populations. This review discusses the CVD burden and its most important contributors among the largest migrant groups in Europe and North America as well as the consequences of migration to high-income countries on CVD diagnosis and therapy.

Association of Cardiopulmonary Hemodynamics and Mortality in Veterans With Liver Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH), associated with increased mortality, can limit treatment options for liver diseases. Data on the continuum of clinical risk related to cardiopulmonary hemodynamics in PoPH are lacking.

Methods And Results: As part of the United States national Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking database, we performed a retrospective cohort study of adults with cirrhosis undergoing right heart catheterization between October 1, 2017, and September 30, 2022.

A Safe Framework for Quantitative In Vivo Human Evaluation of Image Guidance.

We present a new framework for in vivo image guidance evaluation and provide a case study on robotic partial nephrectomy. This framework (called the "bystander protocol") involves two surgeons, one who solely performs the therapeutic process without image guidance, and another who solely periodically collects data to evaluate image guidance. This isolates the evaluation from the therapy, so that in-development image guidance systems can be tested without risk of negatively impacting the standard of care.

Galectin-3, Metabolic Risk, and Incident Heart Failure: The ARIC Study.

Background: It is unclear how metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes affect Gal-3 (galectin 3) levels and the resulting implications for heart failure (HF) risk. We assessed relationships of MetS and diabetes with Gal-3, and their joint associations with incident HF.

Methods And Results: We included 8445 participants without HF (mean age, 63 years; 59% men; 16% Black race) at ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study visit 4 (1996-1999).

Heterogeneity in the Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors by Ethnicity and Birthplace Among Asian Subgroups: Evidence From the 2010 to 2018 National Health Interview Survey.

Background: Asian people in the United States have different sociodemographic and health-related characteristics that might affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by ethnicity and birthplace. However, they are often studied as a monolithic group in health care research. This study aimed to examine heterogeneity in CVD risk factors on the basis of birthplace among the 3 largest Asian subgroups (Chinese, Asian Indian, and Filipino) compared with US-born non-Hispanic White (NHW) adults.

Associations of Abdominal Muscle Density and Area and Incident Cardiovascular Disease, Coronary Heart Disease, and Stroke: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Background: Muscle density is inversely associated with all-cause mortality, but associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are not well understood. This study evaluated the association between muscle density and muscle area and incident total CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke in diverse men and women.

Methods And Results: Adult participants (N=1869) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Ancillary Body Composition Study underwent computer tomography scans of the L2-L4 region of the abdomen.

Risk Prediction in Male Adolescents With Congenital Long QT Syndrome: Implications for Sex-Specific Risk Stratification in Potassium Channel-Mediated Long QT Syndrome.

Background: Sex-specific risk management may improve outcomes in congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS). We recently developed a prediction score for cardiac events (CEs) and life-threatening events (LTEs) in postadolescent women with LQTS. In the present study, we aimed to develop personalized risk estimates for the burden of CEs and LTEs in male adolescents with potassium channel-mediated LQTS.

Quantifying Induced Nystagmus Using a Smartphone Eye Tracking Application (EyePhone).

Background: There are ≈5 million annual dizziness visits to US emergency departments, of which vestibular strokes account for over 250 000. The head impulse, nystagmus, and test of skew eye examination can accurately distinguish vestibular strokes from peripheral dizziness. However, the eye-movement signs are subtle, and lack of familiarity and difficulty with recognition of abnormal eye movements are significant barriers to widespread emergency department use.

Rationale and Design of the mTECH-Rehab Randomized Controlled Trial: Impact of a Mobile Technology Enabled Corrie Cardiac Rehabilitation Program on Functional Status and Cardiovascular Health.

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an evidence-based, guideline-recommended intervention for patients recovering from a cardiac event, surgery or procedure that improves morbidity, mortality, and functional status. CR is traditionally provided in-center, which limits access and engagement, most notably among underrepresented racial and ethnic groups due to barriers including cost, scheduling, and transportation access. This study is designed to evaluate the Corrie Hybrid CR, a technology-based, multicomponent health equity-focused intervention as an alternative to traditional in-center CR among patients recovering from a cardiac event, surgery, or procedure compared with usual care alone.

Advancing Cardiovascular Health Equity Globally Through Digital Technologies.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Digital health technologies are important public health interventions for addressing the burden of cardiovascular disease. In this article, we discuss the importance of translating digital innovations in research-funded projects to low-resource settings globally to advance global cardiovascular health equity.

Economic Burden of Inpatient Care for Mitral Regurgitation in Maryland.

Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common valvular disease in the United States and increases the risk of death and hospitalization. The economic burden of MR in the United States is not known.

Methods And Results: We analyzed inpatient hospitalization data from the 1 221 173 Maryland residents who had any in-state admissions from October 1, 2015, to September 30, 2019.

Temporal Trends in Substance Use and Cardiovascular Disease-Related Mortality in the United States.

Background: There are limited data on substance use (SU) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality trends in the United States. We aimed to evaluate SU+CVD-related deaths in the United States using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging, Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database.

Methods And Results: The Multiple Cause-of-Death Public Use record death certificates were used to identify deaths related to both SU and CVD.