Role of Rapamycin and 3-MA in oxidative damage of HLECs caused by two doses of UVB radiation.

Background: This study compared the role of autophagy regulators Rapamycin and 3-MA in oxidative damage and apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) caused by two doses of Ultraviolet Radiation B (UVB).

Methods: HLECs were irradiated with UVB, and two doses of UVB damage models were constructed. After treatment with autophagy regulators, cell damage tests such as CCK-8, LDH activity, and Ros detection were performed.

Care and three-year outcomes of children with Benign Epilepsy with Centro-Temporal Spikes in England.

Purpose: Benign Epilepsy with Centro-Temporal Spikes (BECTS) is a pediatric epilepsy with typically good seizure control. Although BECTS may increase patients' risk of developing neurological comorbidities, their clinical care and short-term outcomes are poorly quantified.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed adherence to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines relating to specialist referral, electroencephalogram (EEG) conduct and annual review in the care of patients with BECTS, and measured their seizure, neurodevelopmental and learning outcomes at three years post-diagnosis.

Empagliflozin treatment of cardiotoxicity: A comprehensive review of clinical, immunobiological, neuroimmune, and therapeutic implications.

Cancer and cardiovascular disorders are known as the two main leading causes of mortality worldwide. Cardiotoxicity is a critical and common adverse effect of cancer-related chemotherapy. Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity has been associated with various cancer treatments, such as anthracyclines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and kinase inhibitors.

How will the Covid-19 pandemic shape the future of primary care undergraduate teaching? Understanding modifications and developments deployed by UK academic units of primary care, and their implications for the future.

Background: Primary care has been under-represented in its contribution to the academic literature base on Covid-19 developments. We sought to understand how teaching and learning was modified and developed by primary care academic leaders to support the continuation of primary care-orientated learning during the Covid-19 pandemic; and explore how these changes may shape future educational delivery in primary care.

Methods: We adopted a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews of seven General Practice Heads of Teaching (GP HoTs) from UK medical schools.

Biological, genetic and epigenetic markers in ulcerative colitis.

In this review, we have summarized the existing knowledge of ulcerative colitis (UC) markers based on current literature, specifically, the roles of potential new biomarkers, such as circulating, fecal, genetic, and epigenetic alterations, in UC onset, disease activity, and in therapy response. UC is a complex multifactorial inflammatory disease. There are many invasive and non-invasive diagnostic methods in UC, including several laboratory markers which are employed in diagnosis and disease assessment; however, colonoscopy remains the most widely used method.

The location and development of Replicon Cluster Domains in early replicating DNA.

: It has been known for many years that in metazoan cells, replication origins are organised into clusters where origins within each cluster fire near-synchronously. Despite clusters being a fundamental organising principle of metazoan DNA replication, the genomic location of origin clusters has not been documented. : We synchronised human U2OS by thymidine block and release followed by L-mimosine block and release to create a population of cells progressing into S phase with a high degree of synchrony.

Clinical value of placental examination for paediatricians.

The placenta contains valuable clinical information that is linked to fetal development, neonatal morbidity and mortality, and future health outcomes. Both gross inspection and histopathological examination of the placenta may identify intrinsic or secondary placental lesions, which can contribute directly to adverse neonatal outcomes or indicate the presence of an unfavourable intrauterine environment. Placental examination therefore forms an essential component of the care of high-risk neonates and at perinatal post-mortem examination.

Feticide Before Termination of Pregnancy in Singleton Pregnancy - Trends in England and Wales 2012-2020, a Cross-sectional Study.

Feticide is the practice of inducing fetal demise before the termination of pregnancy. In England and Wales, it is recommended for terminations of pregnancy beyond 21+6 weeks of gestation. This project analyses the trends in feticide in singleton pregnancy in England and Wales between 2012 and 2020.

COVIDAssist: Exploring the perspectives on student assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: COVID-19 resulted in medical students volunteering to join the health care workforce. Our study aimed to evaluate the perception of clinical staff on the benefit of students' pandemic response. The secondary aims were to (i) evaluate medical students' team working skills, (ii) identify specialties where medical students were most effective, and (iii) identify areas for further training.

Is neuropilin-1 the neuroimmune initiator of multi-system hyperinflammation in COVID-19?

A major immunopathological feature of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is excessive inflammation in the form of "cytokine storm". The storm is characterized by injurious levels of cytokines which form a complicated network damaging different organs, including the lungs and the brain. The main starter of "cytokine network" hyperactivation in COVID-19 has not been discovered yet.

The use of e-consent in surgery and application to neurosurgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The integration of novel electronic informed consent platforms in healthcare has undergone significant growth over the last decade. Adoption of uniform, accessible, and robust electronic online consenting applications is likely to enhance the informed consent process and improve the patient experience and has the potential to reduce medico-legal ramifications of inadequate consent. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the utility of novel electronic means of informed consent in surgical patients and discuss its application to neurosurgical cohorts.

The effectiveness of digital health technologies for reducing substance use among young people: a systematic review & meta-analysis.

Background: Substance use amongst young people poses developmental and clinical challenges, necessitating early detection and treatment. Considering the widespread use of technology in young people, delivering interventions digitally may help to reduce and monitor their substance use.

Aims: We conducted a systematic review and two meta-analyses to assess the effectiveness of digital interventions for reducing substance use (alcohol, smoking, and other substances) among young people aged 10 to 24 years old.

Interventions promoting mental health dimensions in infertile women: a systematic review.

Background: Scientific developments have brought hope to infertile couples; however, the results are not always favorable. This makes women suffer psychological pressure. Therefore, previous studies have investigated the effectiveness of many psychological interventions but no research identified the most common psychological interventions.

Carboxyhaemoglobin levels in infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.

Objectives: Hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is associated with oxidative stress. A potential marker of oxidative damage is carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) which is the product of the reaction between carbon monoxide and haemoglobin and is routinely assessed on blood gas analysis. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that higher COHb levels would be associated with worse outcomes in infants treated for HIE.

Efficacy of augmented-dosed surgery versus botulinum toxin A injection for acute acquired concomitant esotropia: a 2-year follow-up.

Background/aims: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) injection and augmented-dosed surgery in the treatment of acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE), and explore potential risk factors associated with recurrence.

Methods: A total of 104 patients diagnosed with AACE between October 2020 and January 2021 were included and voluntarily chose to undergo augmented surgery or BTXA injection. The follow-up assessments ended in November 2022.

Exploring the emotional impact of axial Spondyloarthritis: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies and a review of social media.

Background: The psychological burden in people with inflammatory arthritis is substantial, yet little is known about the disease-related affect experienced by individuals with axial Spondyloarthritis (axial SpA). The aim of this study was to conduct a qualitative evidence synthesis and a review of social media to explore the emotional impact of living with axial SpA.

Methods: We searched nine databases for studies reporting qualitative data about participants' emotional experience of living with axial SpA.

Students' perception of e-learning during the Covid-19 pandemic: a survey study of Iranian nutrition science students.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic caused university closures, which created learning challenges for students worldwide. Switching to online educational systems had significant impact on students' performances. The current study aims to investigate the perception of university students from the Nutrition Science department regarding e-learning in Iran.

Comorbidities associated with the severity of COVID-19, and differences across ethnic groups: a UK Biobank cohort study.

Background: Disparities in COVID-19 outcomes exist on the basis of ethnicity and comorbidities. Minority ethnic groups in the UK are known to have poorer COVID-19 outcomes, but also an increased prevelance of certain comorbidities associated with severe outcomes. Additionally, despite the prevalence of certain psychiatric disorders there is a lack of research establishing their relationship with COVID-19 outcomes.