Comparison of CGRP distributions in the maxillary sinus and trigeminal ganglion between elderly dentulous and edentulous humans.

Thickening of the Schneiderian membrane (SM, mucosa of the maxillary sinus) appears in the paranasal sinus. Information on SM thickening is available for patients receiving sinus lift treatments, which is a risk factor for SM excretory dysfunction. However, more information is needed on the structure of the SM and the relationship between the maxilla sinus and palatine with the alveolar bone and the SM for dental implant treatment in the human maxilla.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Children Involved in Traffic Accidents and Their Parents in Japan.

Background: Children who survive traffic accidents, and their parents, may develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or related symptoms (depression or anxiety), which can hinder the children's development and the parents' ability to provide effective care. In Japan, the PTSD incidence rate after traffic accidents and its related factors remain unclarified.

Methods: The participants were 79 children and 104 parents.

Estimation of the Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area by Simple Oral Examination.

The periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) is a useful index for clinical and epidemiological assessments, since it can represent the inflammation status of patients in one contentious variable. However, calculation of the PISA is difficult, requiring six point probing depth measurements with or without bleeding on probing on 28 teeth, followed by data input in a calculation program. More simple methods are essential for screening periodontal disease or in epidemiological studies.

Role of Streptococcus intermedius phosphoglucosamine mutase in bacterial growth, cell morphology, and resistance to polymorphonuclear leukocyte killing.

Objectives: Streptococcus intermedius is a member of the anginosus group of streptococci, an oral commensal bacterium found in infected root canals, and the causative agent of deep-seated abscesses. This organism has slow clearance when phagocytosed within neutrophils. Here, we investigated the role of its phosphoglucosamine mutase (GlmM), an enzyme associated with peptidoglycan synthesis, in bacterial growth, cell morphology, and resistance to polymorphonuclear leukocyte killing.

Evaluation of occlusal force and masticatory performance in elderly adults with natural dentition unaffected by occlusal support.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify whether occlusal force and masticatory performance reduced in elderly adults and whether these parameters were affected by age.

Methods: Seventy-eight elderly adults (elderly group) and 76 young adults (control group) with natural dentition were asked to maximally clench for 3 s, and occlusal force was calculated. The amount of glucose extraction after chewing a gummy jelly was measured as the parameter for masticatory performance.

Root canal sealers affect artifacts on cone-beam computed tomography images.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the appearance of artifacts by four types of root canal filling sealers on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Thirty standardized tooth models were given the radiopacity equivalent to human teeth, and root canal preparation was performed using WaveOne Gold. Root canal filling by a single-point method was performed using WaveOne Gold gutta-percha points and four types of root canal sealers: AH Plus (AH), CANALS (CA), BioRoot RCS (BR), and MTA Fillapex (MTA).

Sexual dimorphism of tooth agenesis patterns in non-syndromic oligodontia in Japanese patients.

Objective: Wide individual variation observed in tooth agenesis patterns in patients with non-syndromic oligodontia could be affected by sexual dimorphism. Therefore, the present study investigated sex-associated differences in tooth agenesis patterns in patients with non-syndromic oligodontia.

Design: Subjects were 108 male (ages 7-46 years) and 184 female (ages 7-43 years) orthodontic patients missing ≥6 permanent teeth, excluding third molars.

NF-κB subunit RELA suppression of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 expression in oral carcinoma cells.

Loss of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) expression closely associates with increased aggressive behaviors of oral carcinoma cells. It emphasizes that a mechanism to suppress the expression is an important subject for understanding carcinoma progression pathway. However, nothing is known at present.

A large-scale observational study to investigate the current status of diabetic complications and their prevention in Japan (JDCP study 6): baseline dental and oral findings.

Japan Diabetes Complication and Prevention prospective (JDCP) study was conducted to examine the association between glycemic control and oral conditions in a large database of Japanese patients with diabetes. It included a total of 6099 patients with diabetes (range, 40-75 years) who had been treated as outpatients between 2007 and 2009. The mean number of present teeth at baseline was 19.

Effects of vasopressin on anesthetic response time and circulatory dynamics of lidocaine.

This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that vasopressin extends the anesthetic response time of lidocaine and does not affect the circulatory dynamics. Rats were sedated with isoflurane; subsequently, breathing was maintained through mechanical ventilation. We infiltrated the first molar area of the upper left jaw with saline (NS, test solution), 2% lidocaine (L), 0.

Hydrogen-Generating Silica Material Prevents UVA-ray-Induced Cellular Oxidative Stress, Cell Death, Collagen Loss and Melanogenesis in Human Cells and 3D Skin Equivalents.

Ultraviolet-A UVA) irradiation induces harmful effects on skin cells and accelerates skin aging through oxidative stress. In this study, the effects of a hydrogen-generating silica material named ULH-002 against UVA injuries in human cells and 3D skin equivalents were investigated. The oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) assay showed that both freshly prepared ULH-002 solutions and 7-day-old solutions exhibited equal peroxyl radical (ROO·) scavenging activities concentration-dependently.

The effect of additional photochemical treatments on the bonding of silanized CAD/CAM ceramic restorations after water-storage.

The development of dental CAD/CAM system has made metal-free ceramic restorations more available to patients. Silane coupling treatment is an essential clinical process to achieve reliable and good adhesion with silica-based indirect restoratives. However, long-term water-storage causes the hydrolysis of silane coupling agents and decreases the bond strength.

Periodontal inflammation triggers a site-specific and wide radius of calcium metabolic effects on alveolar bone.

Background And Objective: There is a close relationship between inflammation and bone remodeling in the periodontium. However, previous studies have not delineated the alterations in calcium (Ca) metabolism during periodontitis progression. The aim of this current investigation was to examine Ca dynamics in alveolar bone of rats during progression of ligature-induced periodontal inflammation by using Ca, which is an index of hard tissue neogenesis.

A multicenter prospective cohort study on the effect of smoking cessation on periodontal therapies in Japan.

Few prospective studies have reported the effects of periodontal therapy on patients who attempted to quit smoking. This study aimed to assess how smoking cessation affects periodontal therapy. Twenty-five smokers with periodontitis were investigated by dividing them into two groups, a smoking cessation support group and a continued smoking group.

Hypoxia and CD11b+ Cell Influx Are Strongly Associated With Lymph Node Metastasis of Oral Cancer.

Background/aim: Treatment failure in oral cancer is mainly caused by uncontrolled cervical lymph node (LN) metastasis. We previously reported that CD11b+ cells are recruited into tumor hypoxic areas following radiation, leading to re-vascularization and relapse. Since lymphatic vessel formation has similarities with vascular formation, we examined whether surgery induces hypoxia and stimulates lymphangiogenesis.

Development of a Weight-Drop Impact Testing Method for Dental Applications.

For evaluating the impact strength of dental materials, the Izod test or Charpy test has been used, but specimen preparation for these tests is difficult due to the adjustment of a notch on them. By contrast, a weight-drop impact test does not require notched specimens. Therefore, it might be possible to measure the impact strength more accurately than conventional methods.

Rapid differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells to neuron-like cells by high K stimulation.

As human-origin cells, human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are thought to be potentially useful for biological and medical experiments. They are easily obtained from lost primary teeth or extracted wisdom teeth, and they are mesenchymal stem cells that are known to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. Although hDPSCs originate from neural crest cells, it is difficult to induce hDPSCs to differentiate into neuron-like cells.

Reliability of Different Bending Test Methods for Dental Press Ceramics.

Objective: This study investigates the reliability of different flexural tests such as three-point-bending, four-point bending, and biaxial tests, in strengthening the dental pressed ceramics (DPCs) frequently used in clinical applications.

Methods: The correlations between the three types of bending tests for DPCs were investigated. Plate-shaped specimens for the three-point and four-point bending tests and a disc-shaped specimen for the biaxial bending test were prepared.

Mechanical Properties of Selective Laser Sintering Pure Titanium and Ti-6Al-4V, and Its Anisotropy.

Selective laser sintering (SLS) is being developed for dental applications. This study aimed to investigate the properties of Ti-6Al-4V and pure titanium specimens fabricated using the SLS process and compare them with casting specimens. Besides, the effect of the building direction on the properties of the SLS specimens was also investigated.

The Effect of Freeze-Drying Pretreatment on the Accuracy of Near Infrared Spectroscopic Food Analysis to Predict the Nutritive Values of Japanese Cooked Foods.

The official testing methods for establishing nutritive values are accurate but relatively costly and time-consuming. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is potentially an alternative method that can analyze several components in a few minutes using an exclusively electronic instrument with no need for a laboratory expert. However, the accuracy of commercial NIRS spectroscopic food analyzers is not sufficient for Japanese food labeling, because of interference from moisture contained in the foods.

Dimensional Accuracy of Dental Casting Patterns Fabricated Using Consumer 3D Printers.

Consumer 3D printers have improved considerably due to the evolution of additive manufacturing. This study aimed to examine the accuracy of consumer printers in dental restoration. Cylindrical patterns mimicking a full crown were created and enlarged from 100% to 105% of the original size.