Bond strength of indirect bonded brackets in orthodontic adhesives with different viscosities.

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of three adhesives with different viscosities and an adhesion promoter on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to human premolars with an indirect bonding system (IDBS). High, medium and low viscosity IDBSs with and without application of the adhesion promoter were used. The mean SBSs of the high and low viscosity IDBSs were significantly higher than that of the medium viscosity IDBS.

The diagnosis and treatment of hereditary angioedema patients in Japan: A patient reported outcome survey.

Background: The rate at which patients are accurately diagnosed with hereditary angioedema (HAE), as well as diagnosed patients access to modern treatments differs greatly among countries. Moreover, the severity and burden of HAE on patients have been reported mostly on the basis of physician-reported surveys. To gain insight into the real-world conditions of patients with HAE through a patient-reported survey in Japan and identify any unmet needs.

A unique mineralization mode of hypermineralized pleromin in the tooth plate of Chimaera phantasma contributes to its microhardness.

Tooth plates of the chimaeroids, holocephalian fishes, are unique dental hard tissues. Unlike the teeth of other animals, the tooth plates are located on the roof of the mouth and in the lower jaw. Their tooth plates consist, to a large extent, of lightly mineralized tissue (osteodentin) and hypermineralized tissue (pleromin).

Protein Ingredient in Saliva on Oral Dryness Patients Caused by Calcium Blocker.

Oral dryness as a side effect of certain drugs is increasing. The aim of this study was to examine the change of the protein ingredient in saliva of oral dryness patients caused by calcium blocker. Six patients taking calcium blocker and six healthy elderly were enrolled.

Morphological Features of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Elbow and Common Tendon of Flexor-Pronator Muscles.

Background: The anterior bundle (AB) of the ulnar collateral ligament is the most important structure for valgus stabilization of the elbow. However, anatomic relationships among the AB, posterior bundle (PB) of the ulnar collateral ligament, and common tendon (CT) of the flexor-pronator muscles have not been fully clarified.

Purpose: To classify the AB, PB, and CT and to clarify their morphological features.

Morphological features of the lateral plantar ligament of the transverse metatarsal arch.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the morphological characteristics of the lateral Lisfranc ligament in a large sample. This investigation examined 100 legs from 50 cadavers. Each of the lower limbs was dissected to identify the plantar aspect of the transverse metatarsal arch, and morphological characteristics of the lateral plantar ligament were assessed, including the length, width, and thickness of the fiber bundles.

Anatomic Characteristics of Tissues Attached to the Fifth Metatarsal Bone.

Background: Two types of stress, bending stress and traction stress, have been reported to be involved in the mechanism of Jones fracture. However, little is known about the risk factors for traction stress.

Purpose: To classify the attachment position of the peroneus brevis muscle (PB), peroneus tertius (PT), lateral band of the plantar aponeurosis (LB), and the long plantar ligament (LPL), focusing on the zone where a Jones fracture occurs (zone 2), and to compare the footprint area of each tissue type.

Suppression of the Swallowing Reflex during Rhythmic Jaw Movements Induced by Repetitive Electrical Stimulation of the Dorsomedial Part of the Central Amygdaloid Nucleus in Rats.

A previous study indicated that the swallowing reflex is inhibited during rhythmic jaw movements induced by electrical stimulation of the anterior cortical masticatory area. Rhythmic jaw movements were induced by electrical stimulation of the central amygdaloid nucleus (CeA). The swallowing central pattern generator is the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and the lateral reticular formation in the medulla.

Relationship of segmental variations in the human lumbar plexus to the length of the 12th rib.

Background: Evaluating segmental variations in the lumbar plexus is crucial for neurological diagnosis. In the present study, we examined the relationship between the segmental composition of the lumbar plexus and length of the 12th rib.

Procedures: To evaluate segmental variations in the lumbar plexus, the furcal nerve (Nf) which forms the boundary between the lumbar and sacral plexus, was used as an index of plexus arrangement.

Salivary secretion and salivary stress hormone level changes induced by tongue rotation exercise.

Purpose: Prevention of xerostomia and stress is important to prolong healthy life expectancy and improve the quality of life. We aimed to investigate the effects of tongue rotation exercise for increasing salivary secretions and stabilizing salivary stress hormone levels.

Materials And Methods: Twenty four participants without subjective oral dryness were enrolled.

Involvement of capsaicin-sensitive nerves in the initiation of swallowing evoked by carbonated water in anesthetized rats.

Capsaicin powerfully evokes the swallowing reflex and is a known therapeutic agent for improving dysphagia and preventing aspiration pneumonia. However, the role of capsaicin-sensitive nerves in the initiation of swallowing evoked by various natural stimuli remains unclear. To explore this question, we blocked laryngeal capsaicin-sensitive nerves following the coapplication of QX-314 and capsaicin (QX/Cap), and investigated the effects on swallowing evoked by mechanical and chemical stimulation in anesthetized rats.

Semi-powered exoskeleton that regulates the muscular activity of jaw movement for oral functional rehabilitation/training.

The sequential oral functions of mastication and swallowing are well tuned in humans. To prevent oral hypofunction as a risk factor for systemic frailty by oral motor training, semi-powered exoskeleton was developed and evaluated its loading/assist effects by monitoring electromyography signals and saliva secretion in healthy persons. The actuator of the driving unit combined mechanical and powered mechanics and was driven alternatively by an unpowered stainless-steel spring system for jaw-opening training by loading and a powered shape-memory alloy spring system to assist jaw closing.

Study of the Effects of Recognition of Stress on Symptoms and Regular Hospital Visits: An Analysis from Japanese National Statistics.

Stress is a risk factor for numerous lifestyle diseases, including dental diseases. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how sensitivity to psychological stress relates to subjective symptoms and regular hospital visits using information from the large-scale database of national statistics. Anonymized data from 10,584 respondents aged 30-79 of the Japanese 2013 Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions were analyzed.

Effect of acute angle model on mouthguard thickness with the thermoforming method and moving the model position just before fabrication.

Background/aim: The effectiveness and safety of mouthguards are affected by their thickness. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an acute angle model on the mouthguard thickness with the thermoforming method in which the model position was moved just before fabrication.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were thermoformed using 4.

Variability in tongue pressure among elderly and young healthy cohorts: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Tongue pressure (TP) is used for the diagnosis of oral hypofunction; however, the impact of several variables on TP is unclear. Therefore, the current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyse the variability in tongue pressure among healthy individuals aged ≥60 years vs <60 years. Secondary outcomes were the influence of gender and the type of measuring device (Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) vs JMS tongue pressure measurement device (JMS)).

Effect of various surface treatments on the bond strength of resin luting agent and the surface roughness and surface energy of CAD/CAM materials.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of various surface treatments on the bond strength of a resin luting agent and the surface roughness and surface energy of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials. Four types of CAD/CAM blocks (Shofu Block HC: BHC; GC Cerasmart: CER; VITA Enamic: ENA; and Lava Ultimate: LAV) were used. All blocks were randomly divided into eight groups based on the surface treatment as follows: no surface treatment (C), airborne-particle abrasion (AA), hydrofluoric acid etching (HA), silane coupling agent application (SL), AA/SL, HA/SL, AA/HA, and AA/HA/SL.

Effect of impression holding time and tray removal speed on the dimensional accuracy of impressions for artificial abutment tooth inclined.

Oral scanners allow dental impressions to be taken in a short time without the use of an impression material. However, it has been noted that high impression accuracy cannot be obtained in cases where the abutment is inclined or in cases where the span is long. Consequently, in daily clinical practice, impressions are often created using silicone impression material.

Comprehensive analysis and comparison of proteins in salivary exosomes of climacteric and adolescent females.

Currently, it is difficult to extract exosomes with stable physicochemical properties from saliva. Furthermore, due to inadequate availability of basic data, the application of salivary exosomes as a diagnostic material is limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate an easier method for extraction of exosomes from whole saliva and compared proteins in salivary exosomes derived from subjects of two age groups.

Morphological characteristics of the Lisfranc ligament.

Background: This study aimed to clarify the morphological characteristics of the Lisfranc ligament and the cuneiform 1-metatarsal 2&3 plantar ligament (CMPL).

Methods: Forty legs from 20 cadavers were examined. Classification proceeded according to the number of fiber bundles in the Lisfranc ligament and the CMPL.

Anatomical variations in the insertion of the peroneus longus tendon.

Background: This study aimed to inspect anatomical variations in the insertion of the peroneus longus tendon (PLT) using a large sample of cadavers.

Methods: In total, 104 legs from 52 Japanese cadavers were used. The PLT was identified behind the lateral malleolus and carefully followed up to its insertion in the foot.

Suppressive effect of the swallowing reflex by stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus.

This study investigates whether the swallowing reflex is modulated by stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PTg). Sprague-Dawley rats under urethane anesthesia were used. The swallowing reflex was induced by electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve and was identified by the electromyographic activities from the mylohyoid muscle.

Gallium-67 SPECT-CT for the evaluation of head and neck: preliminary study on maximum standardised uptake value in lesions, and in the parotid and submandibular glands.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the gallium-67 (Ga) single-photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) for the evaluation of head and neck, especially maximum standardised uptake value (SUV) in lesions, and in the parotid and submandibular glands.

Material And Methods: Fourteen patients with head and neck lesions who underwent SPECT-CT at 72 hours after injection of Ga were included in this study. The Ga SPECT-CT parameters SUV were compared between the parotid glands and submandibular glands.

Fabrication method to maintain mouthguard thickness regardless of the model angle.

Background/aim: The safety and effectiveness of mouthguards depend on the sheet material and thickness. The aim of this study was to investigate the fabrication method for a mouthguard with appropriate thickness using a single sheet regardless of the model angle.

Materials And Methods: Mouthguards were thermoformed using 4.

Effect of lidocaine with adrenaline and landiolol on hemodynamics in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Administration of local anesthetics with adrenaline can cause tachycardia and hypertension. This study assessed whether combined administration of landiolol with adrenaline and lidocaine would induce local anesthesia without causing hemodynamic changes. Normal saline (NS), lidocaine with adrenaline (LA), and lidocaine with adrenaline and landiolol (LLA) were injected into Wistar Kyoto (WKY/Izm) or spontaneously hypertensive (SHR/Izm) rats, followed by measurement of the pulse rate (PR), and the systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures (SBP, DBP and MBP).