813 results match your criteria: "School of History[Affiliation]"

Transformative reproductive futures in Northern Ireland.

J Lesbian Stud

November 2024

Reclaim the Agenda, Belfast, United Kingdom.

A foundation of rights-based solidarity has fostered an environment of cooperation between LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer) rights and reproductive justice in Northern Ireland (NI) following the introduction of equal marriage and the decriminalization of abortion in 2019. This article provides a grounded look at this reproductive justice organizing in NI as an example of transformative organizing for reproductive futures. The case study considers a conversation with two activists who have been central to this work.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how nitrogen-doped microporous biochar (NBB) affects cadmium (Cd) distribution in the soil surrounding rice plants, using experiments to assess its mechanisms of action.
  • NBB significantly reduced Cd movement from bulk soil to the rhizosphere and altered soil chemistry, promoting the growth of certain bacteria that help lower Cd availability.
  • The treatment also enhanced iron plaque formation on roots, reducing Cd uptake and leading to lower Cd levels in rice tissues, likely due to increased sulfur content that aids in cadmium sequestration.
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Sexuality Minority Status, Victimization, Mental Health, and Substance Use.

Subst Use Misuse

October 2024

Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.

Prior research suggests that sexual minority status is related to victimization, mental health issues, and substance use. However, few studies have sought to connect these relationships in a way supported by theory, and fewer have utilized probability and/or nationally representative samples. The current study seeks to test the relationships among these variables, guided by general strain theory (GST).

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: Agricultural extension and the origins of the hybrid corn seed industry.

Plants People Planet

September 2024

School of History and Sociology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Agricultural extension has historically favored White and wealthier farmers while facilitating the industrialization of agriculture, with implications for modern practices.
  • The article focuses on early 20th-century extension agent Martin Luther Mosher's work in teaching corn seed selection and performance, highlighting local adaptations in farming practices.
  • It discusses the need for current agricultural efforts to prioritize community-level objectives and support sustainable practices that address social and ecological consciousness.
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  • Sustainability issues often impact marginalized communities more harshly, but considerations of justice are frequently overlooked in sustainability research.
  • Early-career researchers argue for the need to integrate social justice into this field and reflect on their own experiences of exclusion in traditional research approaches.
  • They advocate for forming interdisciplinary academic teams that include diverse perspectives to enhance justice considerations within sustainability science, aiming for a more inclusive and effective understanding of sustainability challenges.
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Re-evaluating the human remains from El Bosquet cave (Mont-ral, Tarragona, Spain): healed trauma and forgotten past.

Anthropol Anz

August 2024

Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES-CERCA), Zona Educacional 4, Campus Sescelades URV (Edifici W3), 43007 Tarragona, Spain.

During the early development of archaeology in Spain, many of the materials obtained from excavations were later forgotten in museum deposits. However, re-investigation of these collections with contemporary methodologies can still contribute valuable knowledge. This study presents the case of El Bosquet Cave (Mont-ral, Tarragona, Spain), located in the Northeastern Iberian Peninsula.

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Facial soft tissue depth of a contemporary adult Greek population.

Int J Legal Med

November 2024

Athens Medical Centre, Filadelfeos & Kefalariou 1, Kifisia, Athens, 14562, Greece.

Facial approximation is a technique that involves constructing the facial muscles and applying a suitable facial soft tissue depth (FSTD) dataset. To date, several FSTD studies have been conducted for varying population groups. This study aims to establish a FSTD dataset of an adult Greek population sample for the first time.

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This article takes a glance at the medial reform program recorded in the book (Records of Practical Policies for Governing) by Lü Kun, a scholar-official from Ming China who was active more than 400 years ago. The is a compilation of varied policies and plans designed by Lü Kun as a local official to restore and improve administration of civic affairs. A sub-chapter in this book is devoted to the subject of public health service.

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Tröger's Base-Embedded Pillararenes─Macrocycles with Both Fixed and Conformational Chirality.

Org Lett

August 2024

Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.

Tröger's base-embedded pillararenes (), which combine Tröger's base () with dialkoxybenzene units, were prepared via a fragment-coupling macrocyclization strategy. The unit in macrocycle provides a fixed chiral source, while 1,4-alkoxybenzene segments flip quickly to change their arrangement, which could provide reversible conformational chirality for those macrocycles. This rare example of macrocycles holding both fixed and conformational chirality lays a good foundation for expanding pillararenes using the fixed chiral source.

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Reinforcing and protecting leather-based relics using gelatin/tannic acid composites.

Int J Biol Macromol

October 2024

School of History and Culture, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China; Jingzhou Conservation Center, Jingzhou 434020, China. Electronic address:

Subject to environmental influences such as temperature, humidity, light, and microorganisms, leather-based relics are easily be deteriorated, which will damage their historical value. In this work, gelatin/tannic acid composites (Gel/TA) was prepared and characterized to investigate their potential as a novel approach for reinforcing and protecting leather-based relics. According to the characterization, it was found that hydrogen bonds was formed between gelatin and TA, and Gel/TA presented increases in the antioxidant capacity(82.

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Looking at the modern landscape of submediterranean Greece through a palaeoecological lens.

Sci Total Environ

November 2024

Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

The importance of understanding the long-lasting legacy of past land use on modern ecosystems has long been acknowledged. However, the magnitude and persistence of such legacies have been assessed only occasionally. Northern Greece has been a gateway of farming into mainland Europe during the Neolithic, thus providing a perfect setting to assess the potential impact of land-use history on present-day ecosystems.

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Evidence of hybridization of cattle and aurochs on the Tibetan Plateau ∼3750 years ago.

Sci Bull (Beijing)

September 2024

Group of Alpine Paleoecology and Human Adaptation (ALPHA), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

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Ancient genomes illuminate the demographic history of Shandong over the past two millennia.

J Genet Genomics

July 2024

Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Bioanthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361002, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China. Electronic address:

Shandong province, located in the Lower Yellow River, is one of the birthplaces of ancient Chinese civilization. However, the comprehensive genetic histories of this region have remained largely unknown until now due to a lack of ancient human genomes. Here, we present 21 ancient genomes from Shandong dating from the Warring States period to the Jin-Yuan Dynasties.

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This paper explores tool-using activities undertaken in and around the earliest known evidence of post-built structures in Britain. Microwear results associated with at least three structures identified at the Early Mesolithic site of Star Carr, North Yorkshire, are examined as a means of identifying activity zones associated with the diverse stone tools used to process a variety of materials (e.g.

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A combination of polarized light microscopy (PLM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), neutron activation analysis (NAA) and thermogravimetry (TG) was used on the pottery from the Houjiazhai site in Anhui, China. The analytical data demonstrate that the clay raw material of the Houjiazhai pottery clay was ordinary fusible clay. Phase I pottery consisted of shell-tempered pottery (with a high CaO content), plant-tempered pottery (with a high PO content), and sand-tempered pottery.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study examined ancient DNA from horse remains found in the Shihuyao tombs, dating back to the Han and Tang Dynasties in Xinjiang (approximately 2200 to 1100 years ago).
  • Researchers sequenced two high-quality mitochondrial genomes, identifying them within maternal haplogroups B and D, and noted a genetic link between Tang Dynasty horses and modern Akhal-Teke horses through the primitive haplotype G1.
  • The findings highlighted the importance of the ancient Silk Road in the spread of these horses and suggested that early domestication of the Akhal-Teke breed was primarily for military use.
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The concept of balance in microbiome research.

Bioessays

August 2024

School of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Microbiome research is changing how ecosystems, including animal bodies, are understood. In the case of humans, microbiome knowledge is transforming medical approaches and applications. However, the field is still young, and many conceptual and explanatory issues need resolving.

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The volume of human carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotope data produced in archaeological research has increased markedly in recent years. However, knowledge of bone remodelling, its impact on isotope variation, and the temporal resolution of isotope data remains poorly understood. Varied remodelling rates mean different elements (e.

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With growing commercial, regulatory and scholarly interest in use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to profile and interact with human emotion ("emotional AI"), attention is turning to its capacity for people, relating to factors impacting on a person's decisions and behavior. Given prior social disquiet about AI and profiling technologies, surprisingly little is known on people's views on the benefits and harms of emotional AI technologies, especially their capacity for manipulation. This matters because regulators of AI (such as in the European Union and the UK) wish to stimulate AI innovation, minimize harms and build public trust in these systems, but to do so they should understand the public's expectations.

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Introduction: The Sanxingdui Site in Guanghan City, Sichuan Province, China, is one of the precious heritage sites of the ancient Chinese civilization. Archaeological work at Sanxingdui is of great significance in clarifying the origins and main contents of the ancient Shu culture and the Yangtze River civilization. Since the 1920s, archaeologists have conducted extensive excavations and research at the site, with particular attention given to the large number of ivory artifacts unearthed.

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Objectives: To determine which types of bone lesion (spicules, lobules, porous bone) in the maxillary sinus indicate sinusitis METHODS: Subadjacent dental disease is a cause of maxillary sinusitis; if a lesion type indicates sinusitis it should be more common above diseased posterior maxillary teeth than a lesion type that is not indicative of sinusitis. The study sample is a British Mediaeval human skeletal collection.

Results: Porous bone lesions (chiefly new bone deposits) in maxillary sinuses are associated with subadjacent dental disease; spicules/lobules of bone in the sinus are not.

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Vaccination is a social act, where benefits spill-over to third parties. How we approach such social decisions is influenced by whether likely beneficiaries share salient social identities with us. This study explores these dynamics using representative survey data from two contexts: national identity groups in Wales (N = 4187) and political partisans in America (N = 4864).

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