"Knowledge was clearly associated with education." epistemic positioning in the context of informed choice: a scoping review and secondary qualitative analysis.

Background: Being able to measure informed choice represents a mechanism for service evaluation to monitor whether informed choice is achieved in practice. Approaches to measuring informed choice to date have been based in the biomedical hegemony. Overlooked is the effect of epistemic positioning, that is, how people are positioned as credible knowers in relation to knowledge tested as being relevant for informed choice.

Native mercury, hydrargyrism and the birth of occupational toxicology in Colombia.

The "La Esperanza" native mercury mine in Aranzazu, (Caldas, Colombia) was active from 1948 until 1975. Before the final closure of the mine, the company began using dimercaprol (BAL, British Anti-Lewisite) and penicillamine for the treatment of hydrargyrism among workers. Mercury poisoning among miners was frequent due to precarious working conditions, inadequate technology, difficult terrain, and the high toxicity of native mercury within the mine.

An exploration of the influencing factors of privacy fatigue among mobile social media users from the configuration perspective.

Privacy fatigue caused by privacy data disclose and the complexity of privacy control has become an important factor influencing people's privacy decision-making behavior. At present, academia mainly studies privacy fatigue as a key determinant to explain the privacy paradox problem, but there is insufficient attention to its influencing factors and specific pathway of occurrence. Exploring the antecedents of privacy fatigue is of great significance for alleviating users' subjective privacy detachment and promoting privacy protection.

Do Boys and Girls Display Different Levels of Depression in Response to Mobile Phone Addiction? Examining the Longitudinal Effects of Four Types of Mobile Phone Addiction.

Purpose: Prior research has indicated that mobile phone addiction (MPA) significantly contributes to depression. However, there is a research gap in exploring the distinct impacts of various types of MPA on depression, along with the potential moderating effect of gender. The current study investigated whether the relationship between MPA and depression varies depending on the types of MPA and gender.

Population expansion from central plain to northern coastal China inferred from ancient human genomes.

The population history of the northern coastal Chinese is largely unknown due to the lack of ancient human genomes from the Neolithic to historical periods. In this study, we reported 14 newly generated ancient genomes from Linzi, one of China's densely populated and economically prosperous cities from the Zhou to Han Dynasties. The ancient samples in this study were dated to the Warring States period to the Eastern Han Dynasty (∼2,000 BP).

The bust card: policing, race, welfare, drugs, and the counterculture in 1960s Britain.

Bust cards first emerged in the late 1960s as a way of obtaining help following arrest, giving the user the number of a 24-h telephone line to call on arrival at the police station. In the 2020s, such cards were used by direct action groups involved in civil disobedience campaigns, but tracing bust cards back reveals that their original purpose was different. The bust card was a novel way of enabling an individual to push back against the immediate experience of hostile policing, while enabling organizers to collate information on what was happening.

Associations between physicians' personal preferences for end-of-life decisions and their own clinical practice: PROPEL survey study in Europe, North America, and Australia.

Background: Physicians have significant influence on end-of-life decisions. Therefore, it is important to understand the connection between physicians' personal end-of-life care preferences and clinical practice, and whether there is congruence between what they prefer for themselves and for patients.

Aim: Study to what extent physicians believe their personal end-of-life preferences impact their clinical practice and to what extent physicians' personal treatment option preferences differ from what they prefer for their patients.

Negotiating care and control: Pet euthanasia as phronetic action.

The lives and deaths of animals living with humans have become increasingly medicalised, and the life of a pet usually ends with euthanasia conducted by a veterinarian. In this paper, I explore how pet euthanasia is understood as a good death in interactions between vets and pet guardians in veterinary practice, provided as an act of care for old and seriously ill or injured animals. Drawing from interviews with vets in Finland, I discuss the ways in which care and control are negotiated in the decisions and practices concerning pet euthanasia, and their implications on understandings of old age and death in animals.

Carboxymethyl Chitosan as a Reversible Template of Calcium Phosphate for Multifunctional Conservation of Carbonate Stone.

The accelerated deterioration of carbonate stone artifacts under climate change has long been an urgent issue. Inspired by biomineralization, we developed carboxymethyl chitosan-diammonium hydrogen phosphate (CD) composite and investigated the conservation effectiveness of the CD composite compared to diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) on limestone. The morphologies and microstructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

Renaissance Goo: Senses and Materials in Early Modern Apothecary Taxonomies and Soft Matter Science.

This essay brings together research in the history of science and soft matter physics to consider how early modern Italian apothecaries organised and communicated their knowledge from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century through an "apothecary taxonomy." This was based on a what we call a "hylocentric" classification scheme (from the Greek  = matter, material, stuff) founded on a tactile understanding of materials. We will investigate how the behaviour of medicines under deformation and flow - their "rheology" - is a previously underestimated organisational principle, and consider the specialist vocabulary these author-practitioners used to describe different liquid and liquid-like formulations.

Raman Spectroscopy Detects Bone Mineral Changes with Aging in Archaeological Human Lumbar Vertebrae from Thornton Abbey.

Archaeological human remains provide key insight into lifestyles, health, and diseases affecting past societies. However, only limited analyses can be conducted without causing damage due to the destructive nature of current technologies. The same problem exists with current clinical analyses of the skeleton, and the preferred advanced imaging techniques only provide macroscopic information.

Mapping the susceptibility to freeze-thaw deterioration and regionalization of freeze-thaw environments of earthen sites in China: A preliminary study.

Earthen sites in China are widely exposed to freeze-thaw environments. There is a lack of knowledge about the spatial distribution patterns of freeze-thaw deterioration and environments, as well as preventive conservation strategies and subsequent refined research on the freeze-thaw deterioration of earthen sites. In this study, the freeze-thaw deterioration process of earthen sites was divided into two periods.

The Publication and Historical Significance of Modern Chinese Medical Reports.

Unlike Western medical journals such as The Lancet which focused on Western-centric medical cases, Medical Reports analyzed medical and sanitary issues in East Asia, including China, Korea, and Japan and sought solutions to these problems. Medical Reports, a medical project initiated by the Chinese Maritime Customs Service (CMCS) in 1871, aimed to compile reference materials on the health conditions and diseases in ports. It was launched by the British Inspector General Robert Hart, who appointed the British Shanghai Customs Surgeon R.

Genomic insights into the complex demographic history and inbreeding phenomena during Zhou Dynasty on the Central Plains of China.

In the Central Plains of China during the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE), the social hierarchy gradually solidified, accompanied by frequent wars and the phenomena of multicultural and multi-ethnic integration. These social phenomena collectively influenced the population's genetic structure at that time. However, our understanding of the genetic history of this period remains largely unknown owing to limited ancient DNA studies.

The impact of environmental protection tax on the health of middle-aged and older adults: evidence from CHARLS data in China.

Introduction: With the aging population, the relationship between human health and the ecological environment has gained increasing attention. In China, it is imperative to evaluate the policy effects of the Environmental Protection Tax (EPT) on improving the ecological environment and enhancing the health of middle-aged and older adult people.

Methods: This study, based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), employs a Difference-in-Differences (DID) model to assess the health effects of the EPT policy.